Reka turebe ubuzima bwa prostate gland yawe. Byose ku bijyanye n'ikizamini cya PSA!

Ese wigeze wumva iby'iki kizamini cya PSA? Wenda muganga wawe yarabikubwiye, cyangwa wenda wabyumvise n'inshuti yawe. Iki ni ikizamini cy'ingenzi cyane kuri twe abagabo. Abantu benshi ntibabizi cyane. None se, reka tubiganireho uyu munsi mu buryo bworoshye ushobora kumva? Nta cyo ugomba gutinya, icy'ingenzi ni ukuba maso.

Ikizamini cya PSA ni iki?

Mu magambo make, PSA ni incamake ya Antigen idasanzwe ya Prostate. Ni poroteyine idasanzwe mu mubiri wawe. Ariko ntabwo iba hose. Ikorwa na prostate gland yawe. Iyi prostate gland iboneka mu bagabo gusa, kandi iherereye munsi y'uruhago.

Iyi poroteyine yitwa PSA ikorwa n'uturemangingo twa prostate tuzima, ndetse n'uturemangingo twa kanseri ya prostate. Ariko, icy'ingenzi ni uko iyo hari kanseri ya prostate, iyi PSA ishobora gukorwa ku rugero ruri hejuru kurusha uko bisanzwe.

Rero, ikizamini cya PSA ni ikizamini cyoroshye cy'amaraso gipima ingano y'iyi poroteyine ya PSA iri mu maraso yawe. Ibi bishobora kugufasha kureba niba urugero rwa PSA rwawe ruri hejuru. Abaganga bakora iki kizamini kugira ngo bafashe mu gupima kanseri ya prostate hakiri kare. Kuko iyo kanseri igaragaye hakiri kare, iba ifite amahirwe menshi yo kuvurwa no gukira.

Ubusanzwe muganga azakora ikizamini cya digitale rectal (DRE) hamwe n'ikizamini cya PSA. Iki ni cyo gihe muganga asuzuma prostate gland akoresheje urutoki rufite agapfundikizo anyuze mu kibuno. Ibi bishobora kandi kumenya utubyimba cyangwa impinduka mu prostate gland.

Ni ikihe gipimo cya PSA gikwiye ku myaka yawe?

Mu by’ukuri, urwego rwa PSA rwa buri wese si rumwe. Rurahinduka uko ugenda ukura. Uko ugenda ukura, ni ibisanzwe ko urugero rwa PSA rwawe ruzamuka buhoro buhoro, kabone n’iyo waba udafite kanseri ya prostate cyangwa ikindi kibazo icyo ari cyo cyose. Ariko, niba urugero rwa PSA rwawe ruri hejuru cyane kuruta uko byari byitezwe, bishobora kuba ikimenyetso gito cy’uko ushobora kuba ufite kanseri ya prostate. Ariko ntibivuze ko ari kanseri, sibyo?

Abaganga bapima urugero rwa PSA mu bipimo byitwa nanogramu kuri mililitiro imwe y'amaraso (ng/ml).

Ikizamini cya PSA gikorwa ryari?

Iki kizamini cya PSA mu by’ukuri ni ikizamini gisanzwe cyane. Niba ufite prostate, abaganga benshi bakugira inama yo gukora iki kizamini nibura buri myaka ibiri cyangwa itatu, uhereye ku myaka 50.

Tekereza ko ibisubizo by'ibizamini bya PSA byawe bitameze neza. Nuko muganga aravuga ati “Reka tubisuzume neza.” Hanyuma akakubwira gukora ikizamini cya PSA n'ibindi bizamini buri mezi 6, cyangwa rimwe mu mwaka.

Ariko, niba ufite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara kanseri ya prostate, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gupimwa PSA buri gihe uhereye ku myaka 40-45. Ushobora kuba uri mu kaga gakomeye kubera impamvu zikurikira:

• Niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe, ni ukuvuga so, umuvandimwe wawe, cyangwa nibura bene wanyu babiri bo mu rwego rwa mbere, barwaye kanseri ya prostate.
• Niba uri umwirabura. (Ubushakashatsi bumwe na bumwe bwagaragaje ibi, ariko si ibisanzwe kuri buri wese, ni byiza gushaka inama kwa muganga.)

Nanone, niba usanzwe ufite kanseri ya prostate, abaganga bakoresha ikizamini cya PSA kugira ngo barebe uburyo ubuvuzi bwawe bukora neza no kureba niba kanseri yagarutse.

Ibintu ugomba kumenya mbere yo gupimwa PSA

Mbere yo gukora ikizamini cya PSA, ugomba kubwira muganga wawe ibi bintu:

• Niba ufata imiti yitwa Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), urugero, Finasteride (Proscar®) cyangwa Dutasteride (Avodart®)
• Niba ufata imiti nka `(Finasteride (Propecia®))` yo gutakaza umusatsi.
• Niba warabazwe BPH, urugero, kubagwa Transurethral Resection (TUR).
• Niba uherutse gukorerwa isuzuma rya prostate, ni ukuvuga mu byumweru 6 bishize.
• Niba uherutse gukoresha catheter y'inkari cyangwa ukorewe ubundi buryo ubwo ari bwo bwose bugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'inkari zawe.
• Niba ufite indwara ifata umwijima wawe, nka cirrhosis y'umwijima, cystic fibrosis, cyangwa hepatite C.
• Niba ufite indwara y’inkari (UTI) ubu, cyangwa se ukaba warayirwaye mu mezi atatu ashize.

Iyi miti n'uburyo bwo kuyivura bishobora kugira ingaruka ku rugero rwa PSA yawe, bigatuma bigora muganga wawe gupima neza urugero rwa PSA yawe.

Kubwibyo, muganga wawe azaguha amabwiriza amwe n'amwe iminsi mike mbere y'ikizamini kugira ngo agufashe kubona igisubizo nyacyo gishoboka. Aya mabwiriza ashobora kuba arimo:

• Irinde gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina amasaha 48 mbere yo gupimwa kwa PSA. Ibi birimo no kwikinisha. Gusohora intanga bishobora kongera urugero rwa PSA mu gihe gito.
• Irinde gukora siporo amasaha 48 mbere yo gupimwa PSA. Imyitozo ngororamubiri ikomeye, cyane cyane igare, ishobora kongera by'agateganyo urugero rwa PSA yawe.

Bigenda bite iyo ikizamini cya PSA gikozwe?

Biroroshye cyane. Ikizamini cya PSA ni nk'ikizamini gisanzwe cy'amaraso. Dore icyo umuganga akora:

• Ubusanzwe, umutsi utoranywa ku kuboko kwawe hanyuma uruhu ruri muri ako gace rugasukurwa n'umuti wica udukoko.
• Hanyuma, hakoreshejwe urushinge ruto, amaraso make akurwa mu mitsi.
• Amaherezo, icyo gipimo cy'amaraso cyoherezwa muri laboratwari kugira ngo gisuzumwe.

Ikizamini cya PSA kimara igihe kingana iki?

Gufata amaraso bifata iminota mike gusa. Nyuma y'ibyo, abaganga bashobora kugusaba kuruhuka iminota mike mbere yuko uhaguruka ukagenda.

Bigenda bite nyuma y'ikizamini?

Nyuma yo gukuraho urushinge, agace gasukuye k'ipamba cyangwa gaze gashyirwa hejuru y'aho hantu kugira ngo bifashe guhagarika kuva amaraso. Hanyuma hashyirwa agatambaro gato.

• Ugomba kugumana icyo gitambaro mu gihe cy'amasaha make, kandi ntukireke ngo kitose.
• Nywa amazi menshi nyuma yo gutanga amaraso.
• Nanone, irinde gukora siporo amasaha make nyuma yo gupimwa amaraso, kuko gukora siporo nyuma yo gutanga amaraso byongera ibyago byo kurwara ibi bikurikira:
• Umunaniro
• Kuzungera
• Kuzinduka
• Isesemi no kuruka
• Kuva amaraso
• Ibikomere

Ese hari ingaruka zishobora guterwa n'ikizamini cya PSA?

Hari ingaruka nto cyangwa ingorane zimwe na zimwe zijyanye n'ikizamini cya PSA. Reba:

• Uretse kanseri ya prostate, izindi ndwara zishobora gutera urugero rwa PSA ruri hejuru. Urugero, hyperplasia ya prostate (BPH), prostatitis, n'indwara zo mu nzira y'inkari (UTIs). Ibi rimwe na rimwe bishobora gutera guhangayika bitari ngombwa no gukenera ibizamini by'inyongera.
• Hari ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa kanseri ya prostate butuma urugero rwa PSA ruzamuka. Ibi bivuze ko nubwo ikizamini cya PSA cyakwereka ko urugero rwawe ari rusanzwe, ushobora kuba ugifite kanseri (nubwo ibi bidashoboka cyane).
• Ushobora kumva ufite isesemi, urujijo, cyangwa unaniwe mu gihe cyo kuvoma amaraso cyangwa nyuma yaho.
• Hashobora kubaho ububabare cyangwa ibisebe aho urushinge rwashyizwe mu gihe cy'iminsi mike.

Ni izihe ngaruka ubona? Kandi bivuze iki?

Nkuko twabiganiriyeho mbere, urugero rwa PSA ruratandukana bitewe n'imyaka yawe. Niba urugero rwa PSA rwawe ruri hejuru y'ibyo wari witeze ku myaka yawe, ntabwo bivuze ko urwaye kanseri ya prostate. Ariko, bishobora kugaragaza ko ibyago byo kurwara byiyongera gato. Niba ari uko bimeze, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gupimwa ibindi bipimo bike. Ibi bishobora kuba birimo:

• Ibizamini byo gupima: MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) cyangwa Transrectal Ultrasound bishobora gufata amafoto arambuye ya prostate yawe. Iyo habonetse ahantu hakekwa, muganga wawe ashobora gutegeka ko hakorwa biopsy.
• Kugenzura imiterere ya prostate: Iki ni cyo gihe muganga wawe afata urugero ruto rw'uturemangingo twa prostate yawe akadupima kugira ngo arebe ko hari uturemangingo twa kanseri. Ubu ni bwo buryo bwonyine bwo kumenya neza niba urwaye kanseri ya prostate no kumenya aho igeze.

Bifata igihe kingana iki kugira ngo ubone ibisubizo by'ikizamini cya PSA?

UbusanzweUgomba kubona ibisubizo by'ibizamini bya PSA mu cyumweru kimwe . Muganga wawe ashobora kuguhamagara akagusaba ko mwafata gahunda yo kuganira ku bisubizo.

Ni ikihe gipimo cya PSA kigaragaza kanseri?

Kuzamuka kwa PSA ntibivuze ko urwaye kanseri ya prostate. Nta rugero rwa PSA rwihariye rushobora kukubwira niba urwaye kanseri cyangwa utayirwaye. Uburyo bwonyine bwo kumenya neza niba urwaye kanseri ya prostate ni ugupimwa prostate.

Ariko, hari ibi:

• Niba urugero rwa PSA rwawe ruri hagati ya 4 na 10 (ng/ml) , ufite amahirwe arenga 25% yo kurwara kanseri ya prostate.
• Niba urugero rwa PSA rwawe ruri hejuru ya 10 (ng/ml) , ufite amahirwe arenga 50% yo kurwara kanseri ya prostate.

Niba urwego rwawe rwa PSA ruri muri uru rugero, ni ngombwa cyane kuvugana na muganga wawe ku bijyanye no gupimwa kwa prostate.

Igihe cyo kubonana na muganga

Vugana na muganga ku bijyanye n'ikizamini cya PSA niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bibazo:

• Niba ufite prostate kandi ufite imyaka 50 cyangwa irenga (hari inama zimwe zivuga nyuma y'imyaka 45).
• Niba ufite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara kanseri ya prostate. (Ibyago byawe bishobora kuba byinshi niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe warwaye kanseri ya prostate, cyangwa niba uri umwirabura. Vugana na muganga wawe kuri ibi.)
• Niba ufite ibimenyetso bya kanseri ya prostate.

Ni uruhe rwego rwa PSA ukwiye kwitaho?

Muri rusange, urugero rwa PSA ruri hejuru ya 10 ng/ml rugaragaza ibyago byinshi byo kurwara kanseri ya prostate. Ariko, ndetse no ku rugero rwo hasi, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gukomeza gupima hashingiwe ku bindi bintu.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya kanseri ya prostate yo mu cyiciro cya mbere?

Akenshi, kanseri ya prostate ntabwo igaragaza ibimenyetso mu ntangiriro zayo. Niyo mpamvu ibizamini nk'ikizamini cya PSA ari ingenzi cyane.

Ibimenyetso by'umuburo bya kanseri ya prostate

Uko kanseri ya prostate ikomeza kwiyongera, ushobora kugira ibimenyetso nk'ibi:

• Impinduka mu nkari: Ibi bishobora kuba birimo kunanirwa kwihagarika inkari, kudakora neza kw'inkari, kubabara cyangwa gushya iyo uri kunyara (dysuria), no gukenera kunyara kenshi (cyane cyane nijoro).
• Kubabara mu nda yo hasi, mu kibuno, cyangwa mu gituza: Ibi bishobora gusobanura ko kanseri ya prostate yakwirakwiriye mu bindi bice by'umubiri.
• Amaraso mu nkari cyangwa amasohoro: Kanseri ya porositate ishobora kugira ingaruka ku bice by'inkari n'imyanya myibarukiro, ibi bikaba bishobora gutera amaraso mu nkari (hematuria) cyangwa amaraso mu masohoro (hematospermia).
• Ububabare bw'amagufwa: Iyo kanseri imaze gukwirakwira (kanseri ya prostate iteye imbere), ishobora gukwirakwira mu magufwa igatera ububabare.
• Kugabanya ibiro mu buryo butari bwo: Kugabanya ibiro nta mbaraga bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cya kanseri.
• Kudakora neza kw'intanga no kubabara mu gihe cyo gusohora (Dysorgasmia cyangwa Orgasmalgia): Kanseri ya prostate ishobora gutuma bigorana kugera no kugumana imyanya mu gihe cy'imibonano mpuzabitsina. Ishobora kandi gutera ububabare mu gihe cyo gusohora.

Nigute nagabanya urugero rwa PSA yanjye vuba?

Nta buryo bwizewe bwo kugabanya urugero rwa PSA yawe. Ariko, ubushakashatsi bumwe na bumwe bwerekana ko guhindura bimwe mu mibereho yawe n'imirire bishobora kugufasha kugabanya urugero rwa PSA yawe. Dore inama zimwe na zimwe:

• Kurya ibiryo byinshi bikungahaye kuri lycopene: Lycopene ni ikinyabutabire giha imbuto n'imboga zimwe na zimwe ibara ryazo ry'umutuku cyangwa ibara ry'umutuku. Bikekwa ko ifite ubushobozi bwo kurwanya kanseri. Inyanya (cyane cyane inyanya zitetse), watermelon, apricots, grapefruit itukura, na guava y'umutuku bikungahaye kuri lycopene.
• Tekereza ku ndyo ishingiye ku bimera: Indyo ikungahaye ku mboga, imbuto n'ibinyamisogwe ishobora kongera ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wawe no gukumira ikura ry'uturemangingo twa kanseri.
• Fata Vitamine D: Vitamine D ifasha kubaka no gukomeza amagufwa, kandi ikomeza ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri. Umubiri wawe ukora Vitamine D iyo uhuye n'izuba mu gitondo. Ibyokurya nk'amafi afite amavuta, amata y'inyongera, amata y'ibimera, umutobe w'icunga, ibinyampeke, na oatmeal birimo Vitamine D. Muganga wawe ashobora kandi kukugira inama yo gufata inyongera za Vitamine D.
• Ongera imyitozo ngororamubiri: Imyitozo ngororamubiri iri hagati y’imyitozo ngororamubiri ishobora kugufasha kugabanya urugero rwa PSA mu mubiri wawe. Ibi birimo kugenda n’amaguru buri munsi, kwiruka, guterura ibiremereye, no gukora siporo yo kwidagadura.

Nta na kimwe muri ibi cyizewe 100% ko kizagabanya urugero rwa PSA, ariko ni ingirakamaro ku buzima muri rusange. Ni byiza gushaka inama za muganga mbere yo guhindura imirire cyangwa gutangira imyitozo ngororamubiri iyo ari yo yose.

Ibintu by'ingenzi ugomba kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Ikizamini cya prostate-specific antigen (PSA) ni igikoresho cy'ingirakamaro mu gusuzuma ubuzima bwa prostate yawe. Ni byiza kwipimisha PSA buri gihe umaze kugira imyaka 50 (cyangwa 40-45 niba ufite ibintu bishobora gutera ibyago). Ariko, niba ufite indwara ishobora gutera ibyago byinshi, vugana na muganga wawe ku bijyanye no kwipimisha PSA hakiri kare. Kugira ngo ubone ibisubizo nyabyo bishoboka, kurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe witonze mbere yo kwipimisha. Niba ufite ikibazo kuri ibi, muganga wawe arahari kugira ngo abisubize.

Witinya, icy'ingenzi ni ukuba maso. Kumenya hakiri kare bishobora kugira itandukaniro rikomeye!

` Isuzuma rya prostate, isuzuma rya PSA, kanseri ya prostate, ubuzima bw'abagabo, urwego rwa PSA, isuzuma rya kanseri, isuzuma ry'amaraso