Ese uhangayikishijwe n'imikorere y'ubwonko bwawe n'imyitwarire yawe? Reka tuvuge ku 'Muganga w'indwara z'imitsi'!

Hari igihe tugira ibibazo, si byo se? Cyane cyane iyo tubonye impinduka nto mu buryo ubwonko bwacu bukora, mu kwibuka kwacu, mu mitekerereze yacu, cyangwa mu myitwarire yacu, dushobora kugira ubwoba gato. Muri ibyo bihe, inzobere ishobora kudufasha yitwa ' Umuhanga mu by'imitekerereze y'imitsi'. Uyu munsi, reka tuvuge ku muntu uyu 'Muganga w'imitsi' ari we, icyo akora, n'igihe wagombye kumubona.

Uyu 'Muganga w'indwara z'imitsi' ni nde?

Muri make, inzobere mu by’imitsi n’imitekerereze y’abantu ni inzobere mu by’ubuzima ufite ubumenyi bwihariye ku buryo kwangirika k’ubwonko (nk’indwara z’ubwonko cyangwa imvune) bishobora kugira ingaruka ku myitwarire yawe n’ubushobozi bwawe bwo gutekereza (uburyo ukoresha ubwonko bwawe).

Tekereza icyo ubwo bushobozi bwo gutekereza busobanura. Ni ukuvuga:

• Urwego rwawe rw'ubwenge muri rusange .
• Kwita ku kintu runaka no kukizirikana (ubushobozi bwo kwibanda ku kintu runaka).
• Umuvuduko ubwonko bukoresha mu kwinjiza amakuru (uburyo wumva ikintu vuba iyo ukibonye cyangwa ucumvise).
• Ubumenyi mu rurimi (kuvuga, gutega amatwi, kwandika, gusoma, nibindi).
• Ubushobozi bwo kwiga no kwibuka (kwiga ibintu bishya, kwibuka ibya kera).
• Ubushobozi bwo gutekereza mu buryo bwumvikana no gukemura ibibazo .
• Ubushobozi bwo kubona no gushyira mu mwanya (ni ukuvuga ubushobozi bwo gusobanukirwa no kwiyumvisha ibintu nk'ahantu, imiterere, n'intera).
• Imyitwarire yawe n'imico yawe (imitekerereze yawe, uburyo witwara imbere y'abandi).

Ibi byose bifitanye isano cyane n'imikorere y'ubwonko bwacu. Rero, niba hari impinduka cyangwa ikibazo muri ibi bintu, ``Neuropsychologist`` ashobora kugufasha kubona impamvu no kureba icyakorwa kuri byo.

Ese hari ubwoko bw'abahanga mu by'imitsi n'ubwonko?

Yego, hari ubwoko bubiri bw'abahanga mu by'imitsi n'ubwonko:

1. `Abahanga mu by'imitsi` (`Abahanga mu by'imitsi`) bashingiye ku bushakashatsi: Bakora ubushakashatsi bushya cyane cyane kugira ngo barusheho guteza imbere urwego rwa `Imitsi`. Bareba mu buryo bwimbitse isano iri hagati y'ubwonko, uburyo dutekereza, n'imyitwarire yacu. Ni mu bushakashatsi bwabo ibintu bishya bivumburwa kandi hagashyirwaho uburyo bushya bwo gupima.

2.Abaganga b'indwara z'imitsi: Aba ni abantu bakorana n'abantu nkawe bakeneye serivisi, hamwe n'abandi baganga. Bakoresha ibizamini bitandukanye kugira ngo basuzume imikorere y'ubwonko bwawe (uburyo ubwonko bwawe bukora). Hanyuma, bakorana n'itsinda ryawe ry'abaganga (abandi baganga, abavuzi) kugira ngo bagufashe gutegura gahunda y'ubuvuzi ikubereye. Bamwe mu baganga b'indwara z'imitsi bahuguwe by'umwihariko ku bantu b'ingeri runaka, urugero nk'abana.

Icy'ingenzi ni uko Neuropsychology ari igice cy'imitekerereze ya muntu, ntabwo ari Neurology. Ni ukuvuga ko bahuguwe nk'abahanga mu by'imitekerereze ya muntu, bafite ubunararibonye mu mibanire iri hagati y'ubwonko n'imyitwarire.

Kuki dukeneye kubonana n'inzobere mu by'imitsi n'ubwonko?

Ubusanzwe, umuganga w’umuryango wawe ( Umuganga w’ibanze ) cyangwa inzobere mu by’imitsi bazakohereza ku inzobere mu by’imitsi kugira ngo bagupime indwara zo mu mutwe .

Impamvu nyamukuru ibi ni uko iyo ubonye, ​​cyangwa muganga wawe akabona, impinduka nshya cyangwa ingorane mu mikorere yawe y'ubwonko (nk'ubwitonzi, kwitonda, ururimi, kamere). Hari impamvu nyinshi zitera izi mpinduka. Urugero:

• Izindi ndwara.
• Indwara zijyanye n'imitsi.
• Ibibazo by'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe.
• Impamvu z'uturemangingo.

Abahanga mu by’imitsi n’ubwonko bakora iki kizamini gishingiye ku nshingano ku bantu b’ingeri zose, kuva ku mpinja, ku bana bato, ku bantu bakuru, no ku bantu bakuru.

Akenshi bagira uruhare mu gusuzuma ibintu nk'ibi:

• Gukomereka mu bwonko no mu gihe cy'impanuka (TBI) - Tekereza nko gukubita umutwe wawe mu mpanuka.
• Indwara y'igicuri .
• Kanseri y'ubwonko .
• Indwara yo mu bwonko (stroke) .
• Indwara zo kwangirika kw'imitsi - urugero , indwara ya Alzheimer .
• Indwara zo kugenda – Urugero , indwara ya Parkinson .

Ariko ikintu kimwe cyo kwibuka ni uko iyo uvura indwara nk'izi, ntabwo ari inzobere imwe gusa, ahubwo ni abantu benshi bakorana nk'ikipe. `Umuganga w'indwara z'imitsi` na we ni ingenzi muri iyo kipe.

Ni iki mu by'ukuri `Umuganga w'indwara z'imitsi` akora?

Inzobere mu by'imitsi yo mu bwonko ikora ibizamini by'imitsi yo mu bwonko.Gufata. Ibi bigufasha wowe n'itsinda ry'abaganga bawe gusobanukirwa uburyo ibice bitandukanye n'imikorere y'ubwonko bwawe.

Muri ibi bizamini, uhabwa imirimo itandukanye yo gukora. Ibi bizamini bipima ubushobozi bwawe bwihariye bwo gutekereza. Urugero, ushobora gusabwa gufata mu mutwe urutonde rw'amagambo hanyuma ukayasubiramo, cyangwa ugasabwa kureba ishusho ukayishushanya muri ubwo buryo.

Basuzuma abantu bahuye n’impanuka yo mu bwonko (nk’indwara yo mu bwonko cyangwa indwara yo mu bwonko) ndetse n’abantu bafite indwara z’imitsi z’igihe kirekire nka Parkinson na Alzheimer. Hari igihe bagira uruhare mu gufasha mu gusuzuma indwara cyangwa gukurikirana uko indwara yamaze gupimwa ikomeza.

Mu gihe cyo gusuzuma, inzobere mu by’imitsi n’ubwonko (Neuropsychologist) ikora ibi bikurikira:

• Amakuru ajyanye n'ibyo akusanywa: inyandiko zawe z'ubuvuzi, indwara zo mu mutwe zabanje, uko ibimenyetso byatangiye, n'andi mateka.
• Vugana n'umuryango wawe n'abawe ba hafi: Shaka amakuru ajyanye n'impinduka babonye mu myitwarire yawe no mu mitekerereze yawe.
• Uhabwa ibizamini cyangwa imirimo itandukanye kugira ngo upime ubushobozi bwawe bwo gutekereza: ibi bishobora kuba ibibazo byo mu kanwa, imirimo yanditse, ibizamini bya mudasobwa, imirimo ijyanye n'ibintu nk'udukingirizo cyangwa udukingirizo, n'amayeri yo guhimba. Ibi bifata igihe kugira ngo birangire, wenda ndetse n'amasaha make.
• Raporo irambuye irakorwa: isobanura uburyo ibintu bitandukanye by’ubushobozi bwawe bwo gutekereza - nko kwibuka, kwita ku bintu, n’ururimi - bikora. Iyi raporo iratangwa wowe n’itsinda ry’abaganga bawe.
• Tuzagusobanurira ibisubizo by'ibizamini: imbaraga zawe, intege nke zawe, n'uko zishobora kugira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi.

Abahanga mu by'imitsi bakorana bya hafi n'abandi batanga serivisi z'ubuvuzi (abaganga, abavuzi) nk'abagize itsinda ryita ku buzima busanzwe . Raporo bakora ziha abandi gusobanukirwa neza ibyangiritse cyangwa uburwayi bw'ubwonko bwawe n'ingaruka byagize. Ibi bishobora gufasha itsinda ryawe gufata ibyemezo byo kuvura.

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya `Neuropsychologist`, `Psychologist`, na `Neuropsychologist`?

Aya mazina atatu ashobora gutera urujijo, sibyo? Reka turebe itandukaniro rikomeye riri hagati y'aya mazina atatu.

Itandukaniro riri hagati y'umuhanga mu by'imitsi n'umuhanga mu by'imitekerereze n'imibanire y'abantu:

Itandukaniro rikomeye riri mu cyerekezo babonamo imyitwarire y'abantu.

• `Umuhanga mu by'imitekerereze ya muntu`:Bafite ubumenyi bwihariye ku buryo ibyo wanyuzemo mu buzima bwawe n'ibidukikije bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwo mu mutwe n'imyitwarire yawe. Bafasha mu bintu nk'ubuvuzi bwo mu mutwe (ubuvuzi bwo kuvuga).
• Inzobere mu by’imitekerereze y’abantu: Bafite ubumenyi bwihariye ku buryo ibintu bikomoka ku binyabuzima n’ibibazo by’ubwonko bigira ingaruka ku myitwarire yawe n’indi mikorere y’ubwonko. Basuzuma izi ngaruka binyuze mu bizamini.

Itandukaniro riri hagati ya `Neuropsychologist` na `Neuropsychologist`:

• Inzobere mu ndwara z'imitsi: Uyu ni umuganga ufite impamyabumenyi y'ubuganga (`MD` - Umuganga w'Ubuvuzi cyangwa `DO` - Umuganga w'Ubuvuzi bw'Amagufwa) . Basuzuma, bakavura, kandi bagakemura indwara z'imitsi - ni ukuvuga ubwonko, uruti rw'umugongo, n'imitsi. Ni inzobere mu miterere, imikorere, n'indwara z'imitsi. Bashobora kwandika imiti no kubaga.
• Inzobere mu by’imitekerereze ya muntu: Bareba uburyo ibibazo by’ubwonko bigira ingaruka ku myitwarire n’ubushobozi bwo gutekereza. Icy’ingenzi kurushaho, inzobere mu by’imitekerereze ya muntu si umuganga. Kubwibyo, ntibashobora gutanga imiti nk’inzobere mu by’imitekerereze ya muntu.

Mu magambo make, mu gihe 'inzobere mu ndwara z'imitsi' ireba ibibazo biri mu "ibikoresho" by'ubwonko (nk'ibibyimba, kuziba kw'amaraso), 'inzobere mu by'imitsi' ireba ingaruka z'ibyo bibazo by' "ibikoresho" kuri "porogaramu" (gutekereza, kwibuka, imyitwarire).

Ni gute waba `Umuganga w'indwara z'imitsi`?

Kugira ngo ube `Clinical Neuropsychologist`, bivuze umuntu ukora mu buryo butaziguye n'abarwayi, ugomba kurangiza izi ntambwe z'uburezi n'amahugurwa:

• Ugomba kubona impamyabumenyi y'icyiciro cya kabiri cya kaminuza muri kaminuza .
• Hanyuma ugomba kwiga impamyabumenyi y’icyiciro cya kabiri cya kaminuza, bivuze "impamyabumenyi y’ikirenga" . Iyi ishobora kuba "impamyabumenyi y’ikirenga" (Dogiteri wa Filozofiya) cyangwa "PsyD" (Dogiteri wa Psychologiya) mu mitekerereze y’abantu.
• Mu gihe ukurikirana impamyabumenyi yawe ya PhD, ugomba kurangiza imyitozo ngororamubiri y'umwaka umwe y'igihe cyose , akenshi mu bijyanye n'imitekerereze ya muntu.
• Nyuma y'ibyo, ugomba kurangiza amasomo y'imyaka ibiri nyuma ya dogitora muri Neuropsychology. Ibi ni nk'amahugurwa yihariye.
• Byongeye kandi, ugomba gutsinda ikizamini cyo ku rwego rw'igihugu n'ikindi kizamini cyihariye cya leta/igihugu ukoreramo .

Nubwo bamaze kuba inzobere mu by’imitsi yo mu mutwe, baracyakeneye kujya muri gahunda z’uburezi bukomeza (CED) buri mwaka kugira ngo bakomeze kumenya amakuru agezweho mu bijyanye n’iterambere ryabo. Ibi bishobora kuba birimo inama, ubushakashatsi, n’amasomo.

Icyitonderwa: Abahanga mu by’imitsi n’ubwonko ntibajya mu ishuri ry’ubuganga kugira ngo bakore uyu mwuga. Impamyabumenyi y’ubuganga (MD cyangwa DO) ntabwo isabwa kugira ngo umuntu abe umuhanga mu by’imitsi n’ubwonko ufite uruhushya.

Muri ibi byose, akenshi bifata imyaka iri hagati ya 10 na 13 kugira ngo ube umuganga w’indwara z’imitsi ufite uruhushya. Biterwa n’uburyo urangiza vuba impamyabumenyi zawe za kaminuza n’iza dogitora.

Ikintu ugomba gutekerezaho.

Guhura n'impinduka mu buryo ubwonko bwawe bukora, mu mitekerereze yawe, mu kwibuka kwawe, cyangwa mu myitwarire yawe bishobora gutera ubwoba cyane kandi bigutera impungenge. Ni ibisanzwe cyane.

Ariko ibuka ko inzobere mu by’imitsi ishobora kugufasha gusobanukirwa izi mpinduka n’uko zigira ingaruka kuri wewe. Ni inzobere mu ishami ryabo, kandi bafite ubumenyi bugezweho ku mibanire ikomeye iri hagati y’ubwonko bwawe n’ubwonko bwawe. Inzobere mu by’imitsi izakorana nawe n’itsinda ry’abaganga kugira ngo bategure gahunda y’ubuvuzi ijyanye n’uburwayi bwawe kandi izaguha umusaruro mwiza. Kubwibyo, niba ufite impungenge, ni ngombwa kuvugana na muganga wawe hanyuma ubone uwoherezwa kureba inzobere mu by’imitsi.

` Inzobere mu by'imitekerereze ya muntu, Inzobere mu by'imitekerereze ya muntu, imikorere y'ubwonko, ubushobozi bwo gutekereza, ubuzima bwo mu mutwe, ubwonko, imitekerereze ya muntu