Ese umwana wawe yatakaje amaguru n'amaboko mu buryo butunguranye? Ese twagombye kumenya iyi ndwara ya AFM (Acute Flaccid Myelitis)?

Tekereza, umwana wawe w’umugome amaze gukina kuva mu gitondo, maze nimugoroba akavuga ati 'Mama/Papa, sinshobora guterura ukuboko kwanjye', cyangwa mu gihe agenda, ukuguru kwe gucika intege mu buryo butunguranye kukamukurura hasi. Ese ushobora kwiyumvisha uko biba bimeze icyo gihe? Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku ndwara idasanzwe ariko ikomeye cyane y’imitsi ishobora gutuma amaguru n’amaboko by’abana bacu, ndetse rimwe na rimwe n’abantu bakuru, bicika intege mu buryo butunguranye. Ibi byitwa AFM (Acute Flaccid Myelitis) . Ibi bishobora kuba bishya kuri wewe iyo ubyumvise. Reka tubiganireho birambuye.

Iyi ndwara nshya, AFM (Acute Flaccid Myelitis) ni iyihe?

Muri make, AFM (Acute Flaccid Myelitis) ni indwara idakunze kugaragara ariko ikomeye cyane mu mitsi. Ikibaho muri ibi ni uko imwe mu mitsi yacu n'imitekerereze yacu bihita bicika intege. Mu by'ukuri, biba 'flaccid' , bivuze ko biba bipfuye. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kugaragara mu buryo butunguranye, ndetse rimwe na rimwe bishobora no kugira ingaruka ku bushobozi bwo guhumeka. Niyo mpamvu ari ikibazo gikomeye.

Ese wari uzi ko umugongo wacu ari nk'aho itumanaho rikuru ry'umubiri wacu riherereye? Ufite ibice bibiri, kimwe ni 'imvi' ikindi ni 'imvi'. Muri iki kibazo cyitwa AFM, imvi ikunze kwibasirwa cyane. Iyi mvi niho uturemangingo tw'imitsi tugenzura imitsi yacu tuba turi. Tekereza rero uko bigenda iyo ikintu nk'ububyimbirwe, ni ukuvuga kubyimba, kibaye ahantu hakomeye nk'aha? Icyo gihe imitsi ntibone ubutumwa bukwiye, maze igahita icika intege kandi ibura ubuzima. Mu by'ukuri, sisitemu yacu y'imitsi yo hagati , ni ukuvuga iyi mvi mu bwonko no mu mugongo, ni cyo gice cy'ingenzi cyane kugira ngo dukore neza.

Ubu buvuzi, AFM, ni bushya cyane. Abaganga n'abashakashatsi babusobanuye bwa mbere mu 2014. Mbere y'ibyo, abantu bagaragaje ibimenyetso nk'ibi bashyizwe mu cyiciro cy'abandi bafite indi ndwara yo mu bwonko yitwa "Transverse Myelitis."

Ese AFM ni kimwe na Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) abantu benshi bazi? Ese bitandukanye?

Yego, iki ni ikibazo cy'ingenzi. AFM na Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) byombi ni indwara zidasanzwe, zigabanya imitsi. Ariko hari itandukaniro rigaragara hagati y’izo ndwara zombi.

Muri GBS , ubudahangarwa bwacu bw'umubiri, sisitemu iturinda indwara, yibasira imitsi yacu yo mu mpande . Iyi mitsi yo mu mpande ni imitsi iva mu mpande zacu ikagera ku ngingo zacu n'izindi ngingo. Ibi byitwa igisubizo cy'ubwiyongere bw'umubiri . Ariko muri AFM, bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku gice cy'umugongo.

Irindi tandukaniro ni uko muri GBS, intege nke z'imitsi akenshi zitangirira mu maguru hanyuma zikagera no mu gice cyo hejuru cy'umubiri. Muri AFM, intege nke z'imitsi zishobora gutangirira mu maboko cyangwa mu maguru. Hari igihe zishobora kugira ingaruka ku kuboko kumwe cyangwa ku kuguru kumwe ku ruhande rumwe.

Icy'ingenzi ni uko AFM ikunze kwibasira abana bato , cyane cyane abari hagati y'imyaka 1 na 7. GBS ikunze kugaragara cyane mu bantu bakuru barengeje imyaka 40. Rero ni ngombwa kuzirikana izi tandukaniro.

Ni nde ushobora guteza imbere AFM cyane?

Nkuko nabivuze mbere, hafi 90% by'abarwayi ba AFM ni abana bato . Ikunze kwibasira abana bari hagati y'umwaka umwe na karindwi. Ariko, ibyo ntibivuze ko abantu bakuru badashobora kurwara. Nubwo ari gake cyane, abantu bakuru nabo bashobora kurwara AFM. Kubwibyo, ni byiza ko buri wese amenya ibimenyetso byayo.

Ibi bikunze kugaragara gute? Ni gute ibintu bimeze muri Sri Lanka?

AFM ni indwara idakunze kugaragara cyane . Urugero, abashakashatsi bo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika bavuga ko abantu batagera kuri umwe muri miliyoni barwara AFM buri mwaka. Ariko, nubwo idakunze kugaragara, hagaragaye ukwiyongera gato mu mubare w'abarwayi ba AFM baherutse kugaragara.

Iyi ndwara ikunze kugaragara mu matsinda mu turere tumwe na tumwe tw’isi. Nanone, hari imiterere runaka y’ibihe, cyane cyane iyo mu myaka ibiri, yagaragaye. Urugero, amatsinda nk’ayo y’abarwayi yagaragaye muri Kaliforuniya mu 2012 no muri Colorado mu 2014. Iyo tuvuze ku kibazo kiri muri Sri Lanka, kubera ko ibi ari gake cyane, haracyari ikibazo cy’amakuru asobanutse neza kuri raporo mu gihugu cyacu. Ariko, niba ikintu nk’iki cyiyongereye ahantu runaka ku isi, ni ngombwa ko tucyimenya.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya AFM? Ipimwa ite?

Ibimenyetso bya AFM bikunze kugaragara mu buryo butunguranye . Bishobora gukomera mu minsi mike, rimwe na rimwe amasaha. Ibimenyetso by'ingenzi ni ibi bikurikira:

• Gutakaza ibyiyumvo mu maboko cyangwa amaguru mu buryo butunguranye: Iki ni cyo kimenyetso cy'ingenzi kandi giteje akaga. Gishobora kuba ukuboko kumwe cyangwa ukuguru kumwe, cyangwa amaboko yombi cyangwa amaguru yombi.
• Kubura imitsi: Imitsi yumva irekuye cyane iyo uyikozeho.
• Kubura reflexes / areflexia: Abaganga bakubita ivi bakoresheje inyundo nto, maze izo reflexes zirashira.
• Kubura ubushobozi bwo guhuza imikorere no kuringaniza imikorere: Ushobora kumva udakomeye mu gihe ugenda kandi ntushobore kugenzura umubiri wawe neza.

Ibi ni byo bimenyetso by'ingenzi bigaragara. Uretse ibi, hari n'ibindi bimenyetso bishobora kugaragara:

• Kugorwa no kwimura amaso cyangwa imitsi y'amaso irahumye.
• Kugwa k'uruhande rumwe rw'isura cyangwa intege nke z'imitsi yo mu maso.
• Kugorwa no kumira (dysphagia).
• Imvugo idasobanutse neza.
• Kubabara mu maboko, amaguru, ijosi, cyangwa umugongo.
• Kubura ubushobozi bwo kugenzura imisemburo no kwituma.

AFM ishobora kugira ingaruka ku maboko yawe, ku maguru yawe, cyangwa ku maguru yawe yose uko ari ane. Ariko, akenshi igira ingaruka ku maguru yo hejuru , ari yo maboko.

Guhumeka bigoranye - ibi ni akaga cyane!

Hari igihe AFM ishobora no kugira ingaruka ku mitsi ikenewe mu guhumeka kwacu . Ibi biramutse bibaye, bishobora gutera indwara ikomeye cyane yitwa kunanirwa guhumeka . Ibi bishyira ubuzima mu kaga, bityo rero ni ngombwa ko abaganga bihutira kuvura .

Ibimenyetso by'indwara yo kubura umwuka wo guhumeka ni ibi bikurikira:

• Guhumeka vuba kandi mu buryo buciriritse.
• Umunaniro ukabije no gusinzira.
• Kutagira ituze.

Niba wowe cyangwa umwana wawe mugaragaje ibimenyetso bya AFM, shaka ubufasha bwa muganga ako kanya. Ntugategereze, kuko ibi bishobora guhita bikomera.

Kuki iyi AFM iba? Ni iyihe mpamvu?

Abashakashatsi ntibaramenya neza icyatera AFM. Ariko, bizera ko hari virusi , cyane cyane izitari indwara ya polio . Abantu benshi bandura AFM bagira indwara yoroheje y’ubuhumekero, nk’ibicurane cyangwa grippe, mbere yo kugaragaza ibimenyetso.

Abashakashatsi n'abaganga bavumbuye ubwoko bubiri bwa virusi, cyane cyane Enterovirus D68 na Enterovirus A71, ku barwayi benshi ba AFM. Enterovirus D68 ikunze gutera indwara z'ubuhumekero kandi izwiho gukwirakwira hafi buri myaka ibiri mu mpeshyi no mu gihe cy'impeshyi mu bihugu nka Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.

Ni gute wasuzuma neza AFM? (Isuzuma)

Gusuzuma indwara ya AFM bishobora kugora abaganga kuko ari indwara idakunze kugaragara kandi ibimenyetso byayo bisa n'izindi ndwara zo mu bwonko nka Transverse Myelitis, Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS), na Polio .

Muganga wawe azakubaza ibimenyetso byawe n'amateka y'ubuzima bwawe. Hanyuma bashobora gutumiza cyangwa gukora ibizamini byinshi kugira ngo bemeze AFM kandi bakureho izindi ndwara. Ibi bizamini birimo:

• Isuzuma ry'umubiri.
• Isuzuma ry'imitsi.
• MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) y'umugongo n'ubwonko: Iki ni cyo kizamini cy'ingenzi cyane cyo kwemeza AFM. Gishobora kureba impinduka (nk'ububyimba) mu gice cy'umugongo cy'umugongo.
• Gufata umugongo/Gupfuka mu gituza: Ibi bikubiyemo gufata urugero rw'amazi yo mu bwonko (CSF) no kureba niba hari ibimenyetso by'ububyimbirwe.
• Ibizamini by'imitsi:Urugero `(Inyigo z'imikorere y'imitsi)`.
• Ibipimo by'imitsi: Urugero, Electromyography (EMG).

Umuganga arangije gukora ibi bizamini byose.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura AFM? Ese ishobora kuvurwa?

Ikibabaje ni uko nta muti wa AFM uraboneka kugeza ubu . Bityo rero, intego nyamukuru yo kuvura ni ukuvura ibimenyetso no kugufasha gukira uko bishoboka kose. Niba bishoboka, ni byiza kureba inzobere mu by’imitsi ifite uburambe mu bijyanye na AFM kandi ikora ubushakashatsi kuri iyo ndwara.

Ubuvuzi bw'umubiri n'ubuvuzi bw'akazi ni ingenzi ku ntege nke z'amaguru. Ibi bifasha gukomeza imitsi no kunoza ingendo. Abaganga b'indwara z'imitsi bakunze gutanga inama ku bundi buryo bwo kuvura hashingiwe ku byo umurwayi akeneye. Urugero, kubaga imitsi yo mu gice cyo hagati cy'imitsi, bikumira kwangirika kw'imitsi, byagize ingaruka nziza kuri bamwe mu barwayi ba AFM.

Kubera ko AFM ari indwara idakunze kugaragara kandi ari nshya, abahanga mu bya siyansi n'abaganga baracyafite byinshi byo kumenya kuri iyi ndwara n'uburyo ivurwa. Bityo ubushakashatsi burakomeje.

Ese hari uburyo bwo kubuza AFM gutera imbere?

Kubera ko impamvu nyayo ya AFM itazwi, nta buryo bwihariye bwo kuyirinda buhari .

Ariko, kubera ko virusi nyinshi, harimo na virusi ziterwa n'inkondo y'umura, zifatwa nk'izifitanye isano na AFM, dushobora kugabanya ibyago ku rugero runaka dufata ingamba zo kwirinda kwandura virusi. Izi zirimo:

• Buri gihe karaba intoki zawe neza n'isabune n'amazi. Cyane cyane mbere na nyuma yo kurya, nyuma yo kuva mu bwiherero, nyuma yo gukora ku nyamaswa, na nyuma yo kwita ku muntu urwaye.
• Irinde gukorakora mu maso hawe n'intoki zitakarabye.
• Irinde kwegerana n'abantu barwaye.
• Fata inkingo zose zasabwe ku gihe.
• Komeza gusukura ahantu hakunze gukorwaho kenshi (nk'ameza, ibifunga by'inzugi) kandi ukoreshe imiti yica udukoko.

Gukurikiza izi ngeso zoroheje z'ubuzima bizagufasha kwirinda indwara nyinshi.

Ese hazaza heza nihagira iki niba ugiye guteza imbere AFM? (Ibisobanuro)

Kubera ko AFM ari indwara nshya yamenyekanye, abashakashatsi ntibaramenya neza uko bizagenda mu gihe kirekire ku bazandura iyi ndwara.

Ariko, abarwayi benshi bagenda barushaho kuba beza uko igihe kigenda gihita bitewe n’ubuvuzi bukomeza, nko kuvura umubiri . Abagera kuri 10% by’abarwayi ba AFM bakira neza. Ariko, abantu benshi bagaragaza ko bameze neza, bityo si byiza guta icyizere.

Ni izihe ngorane zindi zishobora guterwa na AFM?

Nkuko nabivuze mbere, AFM ishobora kugira ingaruka ku mitsi ikenewe mu guhumeka. Ibi bishobora gutera kunanirwa guhumeka , indwara isaba ubuvuzi bwihutirwa. Abantu bafite ikibazo cyo guhumeka bashobora gukenera imashini (`ventilators`) kugira ngo zibafashe guhumeka. Hafi kimwe cya gatatu cy'abantu bafite AFM bakeneye intubation na mechanical emotional .

Byongeye kandi, AFM ishobora guteza ibibazo bikomeye by’imitsi, nko guhinduka k’ubushyuhe bw’umubiri, kudahindagurika k’umuvuduko w’amaraso, ndetse no kudatera neza kw’umutima. Ibi bishobora no gushyira ubuzima mu kaga.

Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa gushaka abaganga vuba bishoboka niba wowe cyangwa umwana wawe mufite ibi bimenyetso.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga?

Niba wowe cyangwa umwana wawe mugize intege nke mu buryo butunguranye mu kuboko kumwe, ukuguru kumwe, cyangwa amaguru menshi , shaka ubufasha bwa muganga vuba . AFM ni indwara ishobora gukura vuba igatera kugorwa no guhumeka. Rero ni ngombwa kugira icyo ukora vuba, ntugire ubwoba.

Niba wowe cyangwa umwana wawe musanzwe murwaye AFM, muzakenera kujya kwa muganga buri gihe kugira ngo muhabwe ubuvuzi, nko kuvurwa no gukorerwa imyitozo ngororamubiri, no gukurikirana ibimenyetso by'indwara.

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Sawa, nizeye ko uhereye ku byo twaganiriyeho, wasobanukiwe AFM (Acute Flaccid Myelitis). Wibuke ko nubwo iyi ari indwara idakunze kugaragara, ni ngombwa cyane kuyimenya.

• Gucika intege k'imitsi mu buryo butunguranye si ikintu cyoroshye gufata, cyane cyane ku bana bato. Mu bihe nk'ibyo, jya kwa muganga vuba.
• Nubwo nta muti wihariye wa AFM uhari, hari uburyo bwo kuvura ibimenyetso no kunoza ubuzima . Ibintu nk'ubuvuzi bw'umubiri ni ingenzi cyane.
• Abashakashatsi n'abaganga baracyari kwiga kuri AFM, bityo ni byiza kwishingikiriza ku nama za muganga wawe no gukurikiza inama ze zo kuvura .

Twese twite ku buzima bw'abana bacu n'ubwacu. Kumenya indwara zidasanzwe nk'izi bidufasha gufata ingamba vuba iyo bibaye ngombwa.

` AFM, Indwara zo mu bwonko, Indwara z'imitsi, Indwara z'abana, Uruti rw'umugongo, Virusi, Enteroviruses, Indwara zo guhumeka, Paralysis