Ese umubare w'uturemangingo tw'amaraso yawe ni muto cyane? Ese byaba ari Agranulocytosis? Reka tubiganireho - Nirogi Lanka

Ese ukunda kurwara? Ese wumva ufite intege nke cyangwa umunaniro udasanzwe ndetse no nyuma yo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri mike? Hari ubwo ibi bishobora guterwa no kugabanuka gukomeye kwa Neutrophils - ubwoko bw'ingenzi bw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso bikora nk'ubwirinzi bw'umubiri wawe. Uyu munsi, turimo kuvuga ku ndwara ikomeye ariko ishobora kuvurwa yitwa Agranulocytosis . Nyamuneka ntugatinye; kumenya amakuru ni yo ntambwe ya mbere kandi y'ingenzi mu gucunga ubuzima bwawe.

Agranulocytosis ni iki mu by'ukuri?

Muri make, Agranulocytosis ni indwara ishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga aho umubare wa Neutrophil ugabanuka ukagera ku rugero rwo hasi cyane. Uzi ko uturemangingo tw’amaraso twera tumeze nk’abasirikare b’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri wawe, sibyo? Dukora cyane kugira ngo turwanye mikorobe kandi tukurinde.

Iyo umubare wa Neutrophil wawe wagabanutse, umubiri wawe uba ushobora kwibasirwa cyane. Ndetse n'udukoko tutakunze guteza ikibazo dushobora kugutera indwara itunguranye. Tekereza muri ubu buryo: iyo umutwe wa gisirikare wihariye ubuze mu buryo butunguranye, ndetse n'ikibazo gito gishobora guhinduka ikibazo gikomeye. Ibyo ni byo bibaho hano.

Izina "Agranulocytosis" rikomoka kuri Granulocytes , icyiciro cy'uturemangingo tw'amaraso twera dufite enzymes zo gusenya udukoko. Hari ubwoko butatu: Neutrophils , Eosinophils , na Basophils . Kubera ko Neutrophils ari zo nyinshi mu turemangingo tw'amaraso twera, abaganga bashyira imbere kuzikurikirana kugira ngo bamenye Agranulocytosis. Rimwe na rimwe, iyi ndwara yitwa Granulocytopenia .

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya Neutropenia na Agranulocytosis?

Byombi bifitanye isano n'umubare muto wa Neutrophil, ariko Agranulocytosis ni yo ndwara ikomeye cyane kandi ikomeye ya Neutropenia .

• Neutropenia : Ibi bivuze ko umubare wa Neutrophil mu maraso yawe uri munsi y’ibisanzwe. Muri rusange, kugira Neutrophil ziri munsi ya 1.500 kuri mikorolitiro (mL) y’amaraso byitwa Neutropenia.
• Agranulocytosis : Ibi bigaragaza akaga gakomeye aho umubare ugabanuka munsi ya neutrophils 100 kuri mikorolitero imwe y'amaraso. Urabona itandukaniro? Iki ni cyo cyiciro gikomeye cyane cya Neutropenia.

Ese hari ubwoko butandukanye bwa Agranulocytosis?

Yego, hari uburyo bubiri bw'ingenzi itera imbere:

1. Agranulocytosis y'urubyaro: Ibi biterwa n'indwara y'uturemangingo. Mu by'ukuri, hari ikibazo ku turemangingo dutera gukora Neutrophils. Iyi ndwara ikunze kwibasira impinja n'abana bato.

2. Agranulocytosis iterwa n'ibi: Hari impamvu nyinshi zibitera, ariko akenshi (hafi 70% by'igihe!), ni ingaruka mbi z'imiti imwe n'imwe. Ubu bwoko bukunze kugaragara ku bantu bakuru.

Iyi ndwara ikunze kugaragara gute?

Mu by’ukuri ni indwara idakunze kugaragara . Ugereranyije, ifata abantu bagera kuri barindwi kuri buri bantu 100.000 buri mwaka. Kubwibyo, nta mpamvu yo kugira impungenge zidakenewe, ariko ni ngombwa guhora umenya amakuru ajyanye n’ubuzima bwawe.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya Agranulocytosis?

Ibimenyetso bifitanye isano ahanini n'indwara. Bishobora kugaragara mu buryo butunguranye cyangwa bigakura buhoro buhoro uko igihe kigenda gihita. Reba niba hari kimwe muri ibi bisa n'ibisanzwe kuri wewe:

• Umuriro n'ubukonje.
• Umutima utera cyane kandi uhumeka vuba.
• Gucika intege cyane no kunanirwa cyane.
• Kubabara mu muhogo (pharyngitis), ishinya rikagabanuka, cyangwa kuva amaraso mu ishinya.
• Ibisebe mu kanwa no mu muhogo, bigatuma kurira bigorana.
• Kugabanuka k'umuvuduko w'amaraso mu buryo butunguranye (hypotension), kumva ufite umutwe urembye, ufite intege nke, cyangwa se ucika intege.

Niba ubonye ibi bimenyetso, cyane cyane iyo bigarutse, ugomba kwihutira gushaka inama z'abaganga b'inzobere.

Kuki Agranulocytosis ikura? Ni izihe mpamvu?

Impamvu nyamukuru ni igabanuka rikomeye ry’umubare wa Neutrophil mu mubiri wawe, akenshi bibaho kubera imwe mu mpamvu ebyiri:

• Umubiri wawe ntukora Neutrophils zihagije zikora neza.
• Cyangwa, Neutrophils ziri gusenyuka cyangwa zipfa imburagihe.

Reka turebe impamvu zihariye.

Agranulocytosis yavutse ku bana

Muri iki gihe, gene ikora Neutrophils iba ifite inenge. Iyi ni indwara ivukanwa. Urugero, mu bihe bidasanzwe nka Kostmann syndrome cyangwa congenital agranulocytosis , abana bavutse bashobora kurwara indwara zisubira inyuma, umuriro, kubyimba, n'ibibazo by'amagufwa.

Agranulocytosis yabonetse

Hari ibintu byinshi bishobora gutera ibi:

• Imiti imwe n'imwe: Iyi ni yo mpamvu ikunze kugaragara cyane . Ishobora guterwa na antibiyotike runaka, imiti ivura indwara zo mu mutwe ( antipsychotics ) , cyangwa imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara za tiroyide.
• Indwara z’ubwirinzi bw’umubiri : Indwara aho ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri bwibasira uturemangingo twabwo, nka Lupus cyangwa rubagimpande .
• Indwara z'umusemburo w'amagufwa n'indwara zo kunanirwa kw'umubiri: Nk'indwara yo kubura amaraso mu mubiri , aho umusemburo ukora uturemangingo tw'amaraso ugabanuka.
• Kanseri: Indwara zifata umwongo w'amagufwa, cyane cyane kanseri y'amaraso .
• Chimiotherapie: Ubu buryo bwo kuvura bushobora kwangiza uturemangingo tuzima hamwe n’uturemangingo twa kanseri, harimo na Neutrophils.
• Guhura n'uburozi cyangwa imiti: Guhura n'ibintu nka lisansi cyangwa mercure igihe kirekire.
• Indwara: Indwara zikomeye nka Malariya , Igituntu , cyangwa umuriro ugaragara mu misozi miremire .
• Kubura intungamubiri: Kubura cyane intungamubiri z'ingenzi nka Vitamine B12 na Folate.

Ni nde uri mu kaga gakomeye ko kugira iyi ndwara?

Nubwo hari ubushakashatsi bugaragaza ko abagore bashobora kugira ibyago byinshi byo kwandura agranulocytosis ugereranyije n'abagabo, agranulocytosis ishobora kugira ingaruka ku muntu uwo ari we wese uko imyaka yaba iri kose. Ariko, uri mu kaga gakomeye niba urimo muri ibi byiciro:

• Urimo uhabwa imiti ivura kanseri.
• Ubana n'indwara ziterwa n'ubwiyongere bw'umubiri , nka lupus cyangwa rheumatoid arthritis .
• Ufata imiti yihariye, nka clozapine (Clozaril®) yo kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe, umuti uvura indwara zo mu mutwe witwa trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim™) , cyangwa imiti ya tiroyide nka methimazole (Tapazole®) .

Ni izihe ngorane za Agranulocytosis?

Iyi ndwara ishobora gutera kwandura indwara zidakira kenshi cyangwa zidakira.

Iyo agranulocytosis ikomeje mu gihe kirenga ibyumweru bitatu kugeza kuri bine, amahirwe yo kwandura ni hafi 100%.

Iyo itavuwe, ishobora gutera sepsis , indwara ikomeye y’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri wawe ishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga, igakwirakwira mu mubiri wawe wose.

Ingaruka zawe zo kugira ibibazo ziba nyinshi niba ufite imyaka irenga 65 cyangwa niba ufite indwara zisanzwe nk'umutima, impyiko, cyangwa indwara z'ibihaha.

Ipimwa ite?

Mu bisanzwe, umuganga wawe azakurikiza izi ntambwe kugira ngo apime agranulocytosis:

• Umubare wuzuye w'amaraso (CBC) n'itandukaniro: Iki gipimo cy'ubwoko butandukanye bw'uturemangingo mu maraso yawe, cyane cyane gupima neutrophils zawe. Umubare wuzuye w'amaraso (ANC) uri munsi ya 100 kuri mikorolitiro imwe y'amaraso muri rusange ni wo usuzuma agranulocytosis. (Umuntu muzima ubusanzwe aba afite ANC iri hejuru cyane ya 1,500.)
• Gupima umwongo w'amagufwa no kuwupima: Muganga wawe ashobora gukora ubu buryo kugira ngo asuzume uburyo umwongo w'amagufwa yawe urimo gukora utunyangingo tw'ingufu.
• Ibimenyetso n'amateka y'ubuzima: Muganga wawe azabaza ibimenyetso byawe ubu, imiti, ubwandu uherutse kwandura, ndetse n'ibishobora kugaragara mu buryo bushobora kwangiza ubuzima bwawe.
• Gupima imiterere y’uturemangingo: Iyo hakekwa ko hari ikibazo cy’umubiri wavutse (warazwe), gupima imiterere y’uturemangingo, bishobora kuba birimo gupimwa uruhu cyangwa gupimwa amaraso, bishobora gufasha kwemeza ko ari cyo kibazo.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura buhari?

Inkuru nziza ni uko agranulocytosis iravurwa. Gahunda yawe yo kuvura izaterwa n'impamvu nyamukuru.

• Kureka imiti itera iyi ndwara: Niba hari umuti runaka utera iyi ndwara, muganga wawe azagufasha kumenya uburyo bwo kuyihagarika mu buryo butekanye. Ntugahagarike gufata imiti yandikiwe na muganga utabanje kugisha inama.
• Antibiyotike: Niba ufite ubwandu, muganga wawe azakwandikira antibiyotike zikwiye n'indi miti yo kugabanya ibimenyetso byawe.
• Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF): Izi nshinge zishobora gufasha umubiri wawe gukora neutrophils vuba. Ingero zirimo filgrastim (Neupogen®) , pegfilgrastim (Neulasta®) , na lenograstim (Granocyte®) .
• Imiti igabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri: Niba indwara y'ubwiyongere bw'umubiri ari yo itera, muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira imiti nka prednisone kugira ngo igufashe gutuza ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wawe.
• Gutera umwongo w'amagufwa: Iyo ubundi buryo bwo kuvura budakora neza, ushobora gusabwa gutera umwongo w'amagufwa uvuye ku muntu muzima kugira ngo umubiri wawe wongere ubushobozi bwo gukora neutrophils nziza.
• Kwirinda kwandura: Ibi ni ingenzi cyane. Ugomba gufata ingamba zidasanzwe kugira ngo wirinde kwandura:
• Karaba intoki zawe kenshi n'isabune n'amazi.
• Irinde ahantu hahurira abantu benshi uko bishoboka kose.
• Ambara agapfukamunwa mu maso iyo ugiye hanze mu ruhame.
• Vugana na muganga wawe wa Nirogi Lanka ku zindi ngamba zo kwirinda indwara.

Uzakira vuba ryari?

Igihe cyo gukira giterwa n'impamvu n'uburemere bw'indwara yawe. Iyo ari ingaruka mbi z'imiti, umubare wa neutrophil yawe uzongera kumera nk'uko bisanzwe mu cyumweru kimwe cyangwa bitatu nyuma yo guhagarika umuti.

Ese bishobora kwirindwa?

Ntabwo buri gihe bishoboka gukumira agranulocytosis.

Ariko, niba ufata imiti izwiho kugabanya umubare wa neutrophils (urugero: chemotherapy cyangwa imiti imwe n'imwe yo mu mutwe), ni ngombwa gukorana bya hafi na muganga wawe kugira ngo akurikirane urugero rwawe binyuze mu gupima amaraso buri gihe.

Niba uri guhabwa imiti igabanya ubukana bw'imiti (chimiotherapie) , muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gutera inshinge za G-CSF kugira ngo wongere umusaruro wa neutrophil.

Ni iki kizere cy’umuntu ufite Agranulocytosis?

Nubwo iyi ari indwara ishobora kuvurwa, ibisubizo biratandukanye bitewe n'umuntu ku giti cye.

Iyo abantu benshi bavuwe ku gihe kandi bakareka imiti mibi, babona impinduka zikomeye.

Ariko, iyo itavuwe, ishobora gutera indwara zikomeye ndetse n'urupfu.Uko umubare wa neutrophil wawe ukomeza kuba hasi cyane, niko ibyago byo kugira ibibazo byiyongera. Ibi ni ukuri cyane cyane iyo ufite imyaka irenga 65 cyangwa urwaye indwara nk'impyiko, umutima, cyangwa ibihaha.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga?

Agranulocytosis ni indwara ishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga; gusuzuma no kuvurwa vuba ni ngombwa.

Shaka ubufasha bwa muganga ako kanya niba uhuye n'ibi bikurikira:

• Kwandura indwara zikunze kugaruka.
• Indwara bifata igihe kirekire cyane kugira ngo zikire.
• Ibimenyetso by'ubwandu nko kugira umuriro, ubukonje, cyangwa kubabara cyane mu muhogo.

Niba ufite ikibazo cy’ubwiyongere bw’umubiri cyangwa ufata imiti igira ingaruka ku mibare y’uturemangingo tw’amaraso yawe, ntucikwe na gahunda yawe. Kwisuzumisha buri gihe kwa muganga wawe wa Nirogi Lanka ni ingenzi cyane mu kugenzura urugero rw’uturemangingo tw’amaraso yawe no kwirinda kwandura.

Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo

• Agranulocytosis ni indwara ikomeye, ariko ishobora kuvurwa irangwa n'urugero ruto rw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso mu mubiri.
• Niba urwaye indwara zidakira, ufite umuriro, cyangwa ubabara cyane mu muhogo, hamagara muganga wawe vuba.
• Iyi ndwara ishobora guterwa n'imiti, indwara ziterwa n'umubiri udafite ubushobozi bwo kuyirwanya, cyangwa imiti ivura kanseri.
• Ubuvuzi bushobora kuba bukubiyemo guhagarika imiti ibangamira ubuzima bw'umuntu, imiti irwanya udukoko, inshinge za G-CSF, cyangwa rimwe na rimwe, gutera umwongo w'amagufwa.
• Kwirinda kwandura ni ingenzi cyane. Ibikorwa byoroshye nko gukaraba intoki buri gihe no kwambara agapfukamunwa mu bantu benshi bishobora kugabanya cyane ibyago byo kwandura.
• Niba uri mu kaga, komeza gukora ibishoboka byose kandi ntucikwe n'isuzuma ryagenwe ry'ubuvuzi.

Twizeye ko aya makuru yagufashije. Muri Nirogi Lanka, ubuzima bwawe ni cyo kintu dushyira imbere—komeza ugire ubuzima bwiza!