Ese poroteyine ziri mu mubiri zarangiritse? Turimo kuvuga kuri iyi amyloidosis!

Ese muri iyi minsi wumva unaniwe, unaniwe, ndetse wenda ugabanya ibiro mu buryo budasanzwe? Hari igihe impinduka nto mu mibiri yacu zishobora gutera ibintu bikomeye. Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku ndwara ibaho iyo ubwoko bwa poroteyine mu mibiri yacu buhindutse gato, bugahinduka nabi, maze bugashyirwa mu ngingo zacu z'ingenzi. Ibi nibyo twita amyloidosis . Ntugahangayike, tuzabivugaho mu buryo bworoshye kandi mu buryo ushobora gusobanukirwa.

Amyloidosis ni iki mu by'ukuri?

Muri make, amyloidosis ni indwara aho poroteyine za amyloid (mu by’ukuri ari poroteyine zidasanzwe) mu mibiri yacu zihurira, zigaterana, zigakora uduce duto, nk'udutsi twitwa fibrils, twinjira mu ngingo z'ingenzi nk'umutima wacu, impyiko n'umwijima. Iyo bibayeho, kandi iyo bitavuwe, izi fibrils za poroteyine zidasanzwe zishobora kwangiza cyane ingingo zacu.

Hari igihe izi poroteyine zidasanzwe zishobora kwirunda mu gace gato k'urugingo. Ibi byitwa localized amyloidosis . Ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku ruhu rwacu, ku gice gito cy'uruhago, cyangwa mu nzira y'ubuhumekero. Ariko, akenshi izi fibrils zishyirwa mu rugingo rwose cyangwa mu ngingo zitandukanye mu mubiri wose. Ibi byitwa systemic amyloidosis .

Hari inkuru nziza. Abaganga bashobora guhagarika ikorwa rya poroteyine zidasanzwe zitera amyloidosis. Mu bwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa amyloidosis, ubudahangarwa bwacu bw'umubiri bushobora gufasha gukuraho izi poroteyine. Ibi bishobora kugabanya ibimenyetso byawe no kunoza ubuzima bw'ingingo zanduye.

Ese hari ubwoko bwa amyloidosis?

Yego, abaganga bashyira iyi ndwara mu byiciro bakurikije ubwoko bwa poroteyine yanduye. Ubwoko bw'ingenzi bugaragara ni ubu:

• AL amyloidosis : Iki ni cyo gihe umubiri wawe ukora poroteyine nyinshi zidasanzwe z’uruhererekane rw’urumuri (zigize igice kinini cy’uturemangingo tw’umubiri). Izi fibrils akenshi zirundanya mu mutima (cardiac amyloidosis) no mu mpyiko. AL amyloidosis ishobora no kugira ingaruka ku mitsi yawe, uruhu, n’imyakura. Ubu ni bwo bwoko bwa amyloidosis bukunze kugaragara cyane.
• AA amyloidosis : Muri ibi, ibice bya poroteyine ya serum A byiyongera mu ngingo zawe. Ibi bishobora kubaho iyo ufite ikibazo cy'ububyimbirwe bw'igihe kirekire, bivuze indwara itera ububyimbirwe mu mubiri (urugero, rubagimpande, indwara y'amara abyimba, cyangwa indwara z'igihe kirekire). Ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mpyiko zawe, ku ngingo z'igifu, cyangwa ku mutima.
• ATTR amyloidosis: Muri iyi ndwara, umwijima wawe ukora ingano idasanzwe ya poroteyine ya transthyretin . Iyi poroteyine idasanzwe ya transthyretin ishyirwa mu mutima ndetse rimwe na rimwe no mu mitsi. Hari ubwoko bw'indwara buvukanwa (familial amyloidosis), mu gihe ubundi bukura nyuma y'ubuzima uko umuntu agenda akura (wild-type ATTR).

Iyi ndwara ikunze kugaragara mu rugero rungana iki?

Amyloidosis mu by’ukuri ni indwara idakunze kugaragara . Urugero, ndetse no muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, abaganga bavuga ko abarwayi bashya 1,275 kugeza 3,200 ba AL amyloidosis ari bo bapimwa buri mwaka. Rero, si indwara isanzwe.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'iyi ndwara?

Ibimenyetso bya amyloidosis bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'umuntu ku wundi, bitewe n'ubwoko bwa poroteyine idasanzwe n'aho fibrils zibikwa.

Tekereza, niba izi poroteyine zishyizwe mu mutima (`(cardiac amyloidosis)`), ibimenyetso bigaragara ni intege nke, kugorwa no guhumeka, gucika intege (ibi bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'imivuduko idasanzwe y'umutima) cyangwa umutima unanirwa hamwe no kubyimba amaguru.

Nanone, iyo izi poroteyine zishyizwe mu mpyiko (renal amyloidosis), ibimenyetso nko kubyimba ibirenge n'amaguru no kubona uduheri mu nkari bishobora kubaho.

Hariho ibimenyetso byinshi bisanzwe bishobora kugaragara muri amyloidosis:

• Kumva unaniwe cyane.
• Kugabanya ibiro nta mpamvu.
• Intege nke rusange cyangwa ibinya mu maguru, kudashobora gufata ikintu neza.
• Kumva ufite ibinya mu biganza.
• Impinduka z'uruhu: Ibi bivuze ibintu nk'uruhu rucika vuba kandi rufite utudomo tw'umuhengeri (purpura) hafi y'amaso.

Kuki iyi amyloidosis ibaho?

Amyloidosis ibaho iyo poroteyine zo mu mibiri yacu zigonganye kandi zigafatana. Zirahuza, zigakora uduce duto, cyangwa fibrils, maze zigashyirwa mu ngingo no mu ngingo. Abaganga babyita "indwara yo gufungana kwa poroteyine." Poroteyine zigomba kuba ziri ku murongo, mu minyururu miremire, zirafungana kandi ntizishobora kwangirika neza n'umubiri, bigatera ibibazo.

Ibintu bishobora gutera ibi ni ibi bikurikira:

• Impinduka mu ngirabuzimafatizo (mutations) : Ushobora kuragwa impinduka mu ngirabuzimafatizo (mutation) ikora poroteyine zidasanzwe za amyloid. Cyangwa, izi mpinduka mu ngirabuzimafatizo zishobora kubaho mu buzima bw'umuntu, ku mpamvu zitazwi.
• Izindi ndwara zishingiye ku buzima: Hari igihe amyloidosis ishobora guterwa n'indwara itandukanye. Ibi nibyo bibaho muri amyloidosis ya AA. Ibi bikunze kugaragara cyane ku bantu bafite indwara z'igihe kirekire cyangwa indwara zidakira zo kubyimba nka rubagimpande.

Ni nde ufite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara ibi? (Ibintu bishobora gutera ibyago)

Hari ibintu byinshi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku iterambere rya amyloidosis:

• Imyaka : Iyi ndwara ikunze kugaragara cyane mu bantu bafite imyaka 60 cyangwa irenga .
• Igitsina : Abagabo bafite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara iyi ndwara.
• Ubwoko : Byagaragaye ko abirabura muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika bafite amahirwe menshi yo kuragwa ihinduka ry’uturemangingo ritera ubwoko bw’indwara ya `ATTR amyloidosis`. (Hari amakuru make yihariye kuri ibi mu gihugu cyacu, ariko muri rusange bivugwa ko hari ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bukunze kurwara.)
• Izindi ndwara : Kugira indwara idakira yo kubyimba byongera ibyago byo kurwara AA amyloidosis. Nanone, hagati ya 12% na 15% by'abantu bafite myeloma nyinshi, ubwoko bwa kanseri y'amaraso, barwara AL amyloidosis.
• Dialyse y'igihe kirekire : Abantu bafite indwara y'impyiko idakira bamaze igihe kinini bafata dialyse bashobora no kurwara ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa amyloidosis.
• Amyloidosis mu muryango : Hari ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa amyloidosis bushobora kugaragara mu miryango. Ibi bivuze ko bushobora kuragwa.

Ni izihe ngorane ibi bishobora gutera?

Izi ngingo za amiloide zishobora kubuza ingingo zafashwe gukora neza. Ingorane zishobora kubaho zirimo:

• Kugabanuka k'imikorere y'umutima ndetse amaherezo umutima unanirwa.
• Indwara z'impyiko ndetse n'ingaruka z'impyiko .
• Udukoko tw'imitsi (dutera ibinya n'intege nke).

Ariko ibuka ko niba ushaka kuvurwa n'ikipe y'abaganga ikwiye, ushobora kugabanya ibyago byo kugira izi ngorane.

Ni gute iyi ndwara ipimwa neza? (Isuzuma)

Abaganga bakora biopsy kugira ngo bamenye poroteyine itera amyloidosis. Ibi bikubiyemo gufata agace gato k'urugingo rwafashwe cyangwa ahantu izi fibrils zikunze kwirunda (urugero, mu binure biri munsi y'uruhu rw'inda yawe cyangwa mu musemburo w'amagufwa yawe).

Byongeye kandi, hari ibindi bizamini ushobora gukora:

• Ibipimo by'amaraso n'inkari : Ibi bizamini bishobora gusuzuma urugero rudasanzwe rwa poroteyine mu maraso cyangwa mu nkari zawe. Bishobora kandi gukoreshwa mu kureba uko ingingo zangiritse zikora.
• Ibizamini byo gupima: Ibi bizamini bishobora gufasha abaganga kubona ibyangiritse ku ngingo zangiritse. Bitewe n'aho fibrils ziherereye, ushobora gukenera echocardiogram , ireba umutima, MRI , igaragaza amashusho arambuye y'ingingo n'ingingo, cyangwa ibindi bizamini.
• Ibipimo by'uturemangingo : Niba muganga wawe akeka ko ufite amyloidosis iterwa n'impinduka mu turemangingo, iki kizamini gishobora gukorwa.

Ese hari ibyiciro by'indwara?

Yego, abaganga bakoresha uburyo bwo gupima indwara ya amyloidosis kugira ngo bamenye aho indwara yakwirakwiriye n'ubukana bwayo. Hariho uburyo butandukanye bwo gupima indwara ku bwoko butandukanye bw'indwara. Kugira ngo indwara itere intambwe, muganga wawe ashobora gusuzuma ibi bikurikira:

• Ingano y'ibyangiritse ku ngingo z'umubiri.
• Ibipimo by'amaraso bigaragaza ingano ya poroteyine idasanzwe ugereranije na poroteyine isanzwe ya amyloid.
• Ibimenyetso byawe n'ubukana bwabyo.

Ni ingenzi cyane kuganira na muganga wawe ku bijyanye n'icyiciro cya amyloidosis yawe n'uburyo izagira ingaruka ku mibereho yawe.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura buhari?

Abaganga bavura amyloidosis bavura iyo ndwara. Kuvura bishobora kugabanya ikwirakwira rya amyloidosis no gukumira fibrils nshya. Imiti ishobora kandi kugufasha kugabanya ibimenyetso byawe. Muri amyloidosis ya AL, iyo kuvura bihagaritse imyloidosis nshya ya amyloid, ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwawe bushobora gukuraho ubwari busanzwe buriho. Ubushakashatsi buracyakomeje kugira ngo haboneke uburyo bwo kunoza inzira yo gukura amyloid mu ngingo zawe.

Bumwe mu buryo bwo kuvura amyloidosis ni:

• Ubwivumbure : Ubu buryo bwo kuvura busenya uturemangingo tw’amaraso tudasanzwe dukora poroteyine z’uruhererekane rw’urumuri rudafite ishingiro rutera AL amyloidosis. Abantu benshi bafata imiti ya steroid hamwe n’imiti ya chimiotherapie.
• Ubuvuzi bwibasira poroteyine, utunyangingo, cyangwa ingirabuzimafatizo runaka bitera amyloidosis. Bukoresha imiti ibuza poroteyine guhindagurika.
• Gutera ingingo : Iyo impyiko, umwijima, cyangwa umutima byangiritse ku buryo bitagishobora gukora neza, abaganga bashobora kukugira inama yo gutera ingingo. Ubu bushobora kuba uburyo bwo kuvura ubwoko bw'indwara ya amyloidosis yavukanye.

Ni iki umuntu urwaye amyloidosis yagombye guhangayikishwa na cyo?

Muganga wawe ashobora kuvura ibimenyetso byawe, kugenzura ikwirakwira ry'indwara, ndetse rimwe na rimwe, ndetse no gufasha gusubiza inyuma indwara. Ariko, ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa amyloidosis, iyo butavuwe, bushobora kwangiza ingingo z'umubiri. Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa kumenya indwara hakiri kare no gutangira kuyivura vuba.

Nawe wifuza kwiyitaho ute?

Kubera ko hari ubwoko bwinshi bwa amyloidosis, nta buryo bumwe bushoboka bwo kuvura iyi ndwara. Baza muganga wawe intambwe zikubereye.

Ibi bishobora kuba bikubiyemo:

• Kwita ku buzima bwawe bw'umubiri urya ibiryo byiza bifite intungamubiri no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe .
• Shyira imbere ubuzima bwawe bwo mu mutwe . Baza muganga wawe ibyerekeye amatsinda y’abaterankunga agenewe abantu barwaye amyloidosis. Bishobora kuba uburyo bwiza bwo guhangana n’imihangayiko n’irungu byo kubana n’indwara nk’iyi idakunze kugaragara, no kwihuza n’abandi bahura n’ibintu nk’ibyawe.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga?

Kubera ko ibimenyetso bitandukanye cyane, bishobora kugorana kumenya igihe cyo kubonana na muganga. Ariko muri rusange, niba ufite ibimenyetso udasobanukiwe kandi ntubiveho nyuma y'igihe runaka, ugomba kujya kwa muganga. Bishobora kuba atari amyloidosis, ariko niba ari uko bimeze, uko ubimenya vuba, ni ko birushaho kuba byiza.

Ni ibihe bibazo ugomba kubaza muganga?

Dore ibibazo bimwe na bimwe ushobora kubaza muganga wawe:

• Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa amyloidosis mfite?
• Kuki narwaye amyloidosis?
• Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ubuvuzi nkeneye?
• Ingaruka mbi z'ubuvuzi ni izihe?
• Ni iki kizampagarika nyuma yo kuvurwa?

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Amyloidosis ni indwara igoye cyane kuko igira ingaruka ku bantu bose mu buryo butandukanye. Hari igihe ishobora gukemurwa. Hari n'igihe ishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga. Ibi bishobora kuba ibintu bitesha umutwe kandi bibabaza cyane. Nanone, kubera ko ari indwara idakunze kugaragara, ushobora kumva uri wenyine igihe ukeneye ubufasha cyane.

Igikuru ni ukwibuka ko utari wenyine. Muganga wawe ashobora kugusobanurira uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura, bitewe n'ubwoko bwa amyloidosis ufite. Bashobora kandi kukwereka ibikoresho n'amatsinda y'ubufasha ashobora kugufasha. Itsinda ry'abaganga rishobora kukuyobora kugira ngo ubone ubuvuzi bwiza n'ubufasha ukeneye kugira ngo urwanye iyi ndwara.

Amyloidosis , poroteyine, poroteyine zidasanzwe, kwangirika kw'ingingo, indwara z'umutima, indwara z'impyiko, indwara z'imitsi