Ese rimwe na rimwe wumva uremerewe mu gituza cyangwa ugorwa no guhumeka iyo unaniwe gato? Cyangwa se muganga wawe yakubwiye ko ufite ikibazo cy'agatsi ko mu mutima wawe kandi ko ugomba kubagwa? Ni ibisanzwe kumva ufite ubwoba no guhangayika gato iyo wumvise ikintu nk'iki. Ariko ntugahangayike. Uyu munsi turimo kuvuga kuri ubu buvuzi, bwitwa 'Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement' (SAVR). Reka tubiganireho mu buryo bworoshye kandi mu buryo ushobora gusobanukirwa.
Gusimbuza valve y'umuyoboro w'amaraso bivuze iki mu by'ukuri?
Tekereza umutima wacu nk'ipompe y'amazi. Umuyoboro w'amaraso munini upompa amaraso ava kuri uyu mutima ujya mu mubiri wose witwa 'Aorta'. Rero, 'irembo' riri hagati y'umutima n'uyu muyoboro w'amaraso munini ryitwa valve ya Aortic . Igihe cyose umutima ukubita, iri rembo rirakinguka amaraso agasohoka, hanyuma akongera agafunga.
Hari igihe, bitewe n'imyaka cyangwa bitewe n'izindi ndwara, uru rugi ruhagarara gukora neza.
- Urugi ntirufunguka neza: Ibi byitwa Aortic Stenosis . Ni nk'urugi rudafunguka rwose, bityo nta mwanya uhagije amaraso ashobora gusohoka mu mutima.
- Urugi ntirufunga neza: Ibi byitwa Aortic Regurgitation . Kimwe n'urugi rushaje, iyo rudafunga neza, amwe mu maraso yavuyemo asubira inyuma.
Muri ibyo bihe byombi, umutima ugomba gukora cyane kurusha uko bisanzwe. Ni nko kugerageza gufungura urugi rwafatiriwe. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, uku gukora cyane bishobora kwangiza umutima. Bishobora kandi gutera ibimenyetso nko kubabara mu gatuza no kugorwa no guhumeka. Iyo bitavuwe, iyi ndwara ishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga.
Rero, ubu buryo bwo kubaga twita SAVR, aho dukuramo iyi valve yangiritse tukayisimbuza indi nshya. Ibi bigabanya ibimenyetso byawe, bikarinda umutima wawe, kandi bikaguha amahirwe yo kubaho ubuzima bwiza igihe kirekire.
Ni iki kibaho mbere yo kubagwa?
Kubera ko iki ari igikorwa gikomeye cyo kubaga, uzasuzumwa witonze mbere yuko gitangira. Ibi bizamini bizadufasha guhitamo uburyo bwo kuvura bujyanye n'ubuzima bwawe.
Ibizamini bisanzwe mbere yo kubagwa
Ubusanzwe uzagomba gukora ibizamini byinshi nk'ibi.
| Izina ry'Ikizamini | Bikore gusa... |
|---|---|
| Echocardiogram (Ishusho) | Isuzuma rigamije kugenzura imikorere y'umutima n'imitsi yawo. |
| Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG) | Gupima imikorere y'amashanyarazi y'umutima. |
| X-ray yo mu gituza | Gupima X-ray mu gituza kugira ngo harebwe uko umutima n'ibihaha byifashe. |
| Gukoresha Catheterization y'umutima | Umuyoboro muto unyura mu muyoboro w'amaraso ujya mu mutima kugira ngo urebe umuvuduko uri mu mutima no mu miyoboro y'amaraso. |
| Gupima amaraso n'inkari | Kugenzura ubuzima bw'umubiri muri rusange, imikorere y'impyiko, n'ibindi. |
Byongeye kandi, itsinda ry’abaganga rizakugira inama ku buryo bwo kwitegura kubagwa.
- Ugomba kumara igihe kingana iki wiyiriza ubusa (utarya cyangwa ngo unywe) mbere yo kubagwa?
- Niba ukeneye guhagarika by'agateganyo gufata imiti iyo ari yo yose urimo gufata ubu.
- Igihe kirageze cyo kuza mu bitaro.
- Ibintu byo kuzana mu bitaro n'ibyo utagomba kuzana.
Icy'ingenzi kurushaho: Ntutinye kubaza muganga wawe ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose utumva cyangwa ikibazo ufite. Niba unywa itabi, kurireka vuba bishoboka mbere yo kubagwa bishobora kugabanya cyane ibyago byo guhura n'ibibazo.
Reka duhitemo imisatsi mishya ikubereye.
Icyemezo cy'ingenzi uzafata mbere yo kubagwa ni ubwoko bw'agapira gashya uzahabwa. Hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi.
| Ubwoko bwa Valve | Ibisobanuro n'ibyiza/ibibi |
|---|---|
| Valve y'ibinyabuzima / Bioprosthetic | Ibi bikorwa mu nyama z'ingurube, inka, cyangwa (bidakunze kubaho) ku mubiri w'umuntu. Akamaro: Ntabwo ari ngombwa gufata imiti igabanya amaraso mu buzima bwawe bwose. Ingaruka mbi: Ibi ntabwo ari ibintu bihoraho. Ubusanzwe bigomba gusimburwa nyuma y'imyaka 10-20. |
| Valve ya Mechanical | Ibi bikorwa mu bikoresho biramba nka karuboni n'icyuma. Akamaro: Ibi biramba ubuzima bwose. Ntuzongera kubisimbuza ukundi. Ingorane: Ugomba gufata umuti ugabanya amaraso nka Warfarin ubuzima bwawe bwose kugira ngo wirinde ibyago byo kubyimba kw'amaraso. |
Umuganga wawe azaganira nawe ku mugozi ukubereye bitewe n'imyaka yawe, ubuzima bwawe, n'imibereho yawe. Ubusanzwe, imigozi ikoreshwa mu gukora imashini ...
Uburyo kubagwa bikorwa intambwe ku yindi
Ubu buryo bwo kubaga busanzwe bumara amasaha abiri kugeza kuri ane, aho uba uri mu bitotsi byinshi kandi ntugire icyo wumva.
1. Ubwa mbere, uzaba utazi ubwenge rwose (`Anesthesia`) .
2. Hanyuma, uzahuzwa n'imashini ikoresha umutima n'ibihaha . Iyi mashini izafata akazi k'umutima n'ibihaha by'agateganyo mu gihe cyo kubagwa. Izakoreshwa kandi mu guhagarika umutima wawe by'agateganyo (cardioplegia). Ibi bizatuma umuganga ubaga ashobora kubaga umutima wawe udatekanye.
3. Umuganga ubaga atera igufwa rifite uburebure bwa santimetero 1.5 hagati mu gituza cyawe kugira ngo afungure igufwa ry'igituza (`Sternum`) maze agere ku mutima. Ibi byitwa `Sternotomy`.
4. Valve ishaje yangiritse y'umuyoboro w'amaraso irakurwaho igasimbuzwa valve nshya idodeshwa mu mwanya wayo.
5. Hanyuma, sternum ifunguye yongera gushyirwaho insinga. Izi nsinga akenshi zisigara mu mubiri ubuzima bwose.
6. Amaherezo, aho uruhu rucagagurwa haradodwa.
Igihe cyo gukira nyuma yo kubagwa
Nyuma yo kubagwa, uzagomba kumara iminsi igera kuri 5 mu bitaro. Muri iki gihe, itsinda ry’abaganga rizahora rikurikirana uko umerewe. Bazagufasha kugenda buhoro buhoro no gukora imirimo isanzwe.
Ubusanzwe bifata ibyumweru bine kugeza ku munani kugira ngo umuntu akire neza.Bifata umwaka. Ni ibisanzwe kumva unaniwe muri iki gihe. Ibi biterwa nuko umubiri wawe urimo gukira. Nyuma yo gutaha, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo kujya muri gahunda yo kuvura indwara z'umutima. Ibi bizagufasha kwiga ibintu byinshi, nko kumenyera imyitozo ngororamubiri no gufata indyo yuzuye umutima.
Ni izihe nyungu n'ingaruka z'ubu buvuzi?
Akamaro gakomeye k'ubu buvuzi ni uko bushobora kurokora ubuzima . Indwara y'imitsi yo mu bwonko ishobora kwica iyo itavuwe. Igipimo cyo gutsinda kiri hejuru cyane. Ku bantu benshi, ibyago byo gupfa cyangwa ingorane zikomeye nka stroke ni bike cyane, hafi 1% - 2%.
Ariko nk'uko bigenda mu kubagwa kose, hari ingaruka zimwe na zimwe.
- Ugutera kw'umutima nabi (`Arrhythmia`)
- Hakenewe icyuma gifasha mu mugongo gihoraho
- Kuva amaraso
- Indwara zandurira mu mubiri
- Igisebe cy'imitsi
- Urupfu
Iyi ngaruka si imwe kuri buri wese. Iratandukanye bitewe n'imyaka yawe n'izindi ndwara. Umuganga wawe azagusobanurira urwego rw'ibyago byawe bwite.
| Niba ibi bimenyetso bigaragaye mu gihe cyo gukira, hamagara muganga wawe ako kanya! |
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Ese hari ubundi buryo bwo kubaga bushobora gukoreshwa mu buryo butari ubwa SAVR?
Yego, ku barwayi bamwe na bamwe, cyane cyane abakuze cyangwa bafite ibyago byinshi byo kubagwa bikomeye bitewe n'izindi ndwara, uburyo bwitwa Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) bushobora kuba bwiza kurushaho. Ibi bisaba gushyira valve nshya muri valve ishaje ukoresheje agace gato mu gituza, utayifunguye. Ubu buryo bworoshye kandi busaba igihe gito cyo gukira. Itsinda ry'abaganga niryo rizagena niba SAVR cyangwa TAVR ari byo byiza kuri wewe.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Gusimbuza Valve y'Umuyoboro w'amaraso (SAVR) ni igikorwa cyiza cyane kandi gikunze gukorwa ku muyoboro w'amaraso wangiritse.
- Muganga wawe azagufasha guhitamo valve y'ibinyabuzima cyangwa iy'imashini bitewe n'imyaka yawe n'uko ubuzima bwawe buhagaze.
- Bifata ibyumweru 4-8 kugira ngo umuntu akire neza, kandi ni ngombwa cyane gukurikiza inama za muganga muri iki gihe.
- Niba ubonye ibimenyetso by'umuburo mu gihe cyo gukira, urugero nk'umuriro, ububabare mu gituza, cyangwa impinduka mu gikomere cyawe cyo kubagwa, bimenyeshe muganga wawe ako kanya.
- Vugana na muganga wawe nta guhisha ku kibazo cyangwa ubwoba ufite kuri ibi.
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