Ese umutima wawe uhita utera cyane? Reka twige kuri iyi '(Atrial Flutter)'!

Ese hari igihe wumva igituza cyawe gitera vuba cyane, ariko mu buryo bumwe? Ni nk'ingoma itera vuba, ariko mu buryo busanzwe. Ibi rimwe na rimwe bishobora kubaho iyo uhangayitse cyangwa ufite ubwoba. Ariko, niba ibi bibaho kenshi, cyangwa niba biherekejwe n'ibindi bimenyetso, bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'indwara y'umutima yitwa `(Atrial Flutter)`. Reka turebe icyo ari cyo, impamvu bibaho, n'icyo wakora kuri byo.

`(Atrial Flutter)` ni iki? Mu magambo make cyane...

Mu magambo make, `(Atrial Flutter)` ni indwara aho ibyumba bibiri byo hejuru by'umutima wacu, `atria`, bitangira gutera vuba cyane, ariko mu buryo bumwe, mu buryo bwihariye. Abaganga babyita artrhythmia idasanzwe y'umutima (`supraventricular arrhythmia`) itangirira mu bice byo hejuru by'umutima.

Tekereza nawe, iyo twicaye gusa, turuhutse, imitima yacu itera hagati y’inshuro 60 na 100 ku munota. Uwo ni wo muvuduko w’umutima muzima. Ariko ku muntu urwaye "Atrial Flutter", ibice byo hejuru by’umutima, atria, bishobora gutera vuba cyane inshuro 250 kugeza kuri 350 ku munota! Ese ushobora kwiyumvisha uwo muvuduko? Iyo atria ikubita vuba cyane, ibyumba bibiri byo hasi by’umutima, "ventricles", na byo bigomba gutera vuba cyane. Rimwe na rimwe inshuro 150 ku munota cyangwa ndetse vuba cyane.

Impamvu nyamukuru ibitera ni ikibazo cy’imikorere mibi y’ibimenyetso by’amashanyarazi by’umutima. Umutima wacu utera ukoresheje sisitemu y’ibimenyetso bikora nk’ubutumwa bw’amashanyarazi. Ibi bibaho iyo habayeho ikibazo cyangwa imikorere mibi y’ibyo bimenyetso.

Ese hari ubwoko bwa `(Atrial Flutter)`?

Yego, hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'ingenzi bwa `(Atrial Flutter)`. Muganga ashobora kumenya neza ubwoko bwabyo arebye `(ECG)` yawe, ni ukuvuga imbonerahamwe y'ikizamini gipima imikorere y'umutima.

• `Indwara isanzwe ya Atrial Flutter` (iyi ni yo ndwara ikunze kugaragara cyane): Muri iyi ndwara, ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi bidasanzwe bigenda mu buryo bunyuranyije n'isaha (binyuranyije n'isaha, nk'uko bigenda mu buryo bw'isaha) mu gice cy'iburyo cy'umutima.
• `Reverse Normal Atrial Flutter`: Muri ibi, ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi bigenda mu buryo bw'isaha (ukurikije isaha) muri atrium y'iburyo.
• Gucika intege mu mutima (ibi ntibikunze kubaho cyane, cyane cyane niba utarabaga umutima cyangwa ngo ubagwe mbere, bigasenya zimwe mu ngingo z'umutima): Muri ibi, ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi bidasanzwe bishobora kubaho mu gice cy'ibumoso cyangwa iburyo. Hari igihe, ibyo bimenyetso bishobora kuzenguruka mu ngingo z'inkovu ziterwa no kubagwa umutima.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya `(Atrial Flutter)`?

Biratangaje kubona bamwe mu bantu barwaye Atrial Flutter batagira ibimenyetso na bimwe bagaragaza . Ariko, abantu benshi bashobora guhura na kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bikurikira:

• Kubura umwuka: Kumva uhumeka nabi cyangwa udafite umwuka.
• Kuzungera: Kumva uzunguruka kandi bigoye guhagarara.
• Umunaniro w'umubiri: Kumva unaniwe cyane kandi nta cyo ushobora gukora.
• Umutima utera cyane: Ukumva umutima wawe utera cyane kandi vuba uturutse mu gituza cyawe. Hari n'abantu bashobora kubyumva mu ijosi cyangwa mu muhogo.
• Gutera kw'umutima vuba: Nubyumva, bizaba byihuse cyane.
• Kubabara mu gituza cyangwa gufungana: Ushobora kumva nk'aho igituza cyawe kirimo kubyimba, cyangwa ukababara.
• Kumva ugiye gucika intege (gucika intege): Mu buryo butunguranye amaso yawe ahinduka ubururu, maze wumva ugiye gucika intege.
• Kubabara umutwe : Kumva uri umuntu ubabaye kandi udashobora gukomeza guhagarara hasi.

Ibi bimenyetso bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'umuntu ku giti cye. Kuri bamwe, biraza bikanagenda, mu gihe ku bandi, bishobora kuba bihoraho.

Kuki iyi `(Atrial Flutter)` iba? Ni izihe mpamvu?

Nkuko twabivuze mbere, impamvu nyamukuru ibitera ni uko ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi biri mu gice cy'umutima bivuka vuba cyane kandi kenshi. Niyo mpamvu igice cy'umutima gitangira kwangirika cyane. Hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora gutuma ibi bibaho:

• Indwara z'imitsi y'umutima: Iyo imitsi y'umutima idafunze neza cyangwa ngo ifunguke neza.
• Indwara z'umutima bavukanye: Hari abantu bavukana inenge zimwe na zimwe z'umutima.
• Indwara y'imitsi ijyana amaraso mu mutima: Kugabanya cyangwa kuziba imitsi ijyana amaraso mu mutima.
• Kunanirwa k'umutima: Indwara aho umutima udashobora kuvoma amaraso ahagije mu mubiri.
• Umuvuduko w'amaraso ukabije: Ukwiyongera k'umuvuduko w'amaraso.
• Indwara ya tiroyide ikabije (Hyperthyroidism): Isohora imisemburo myinshi ya tiroyide.
• Indwara z'ibihaha: Urugero, COPD.
• Kubagwa umutima biherutse.

Ni nde ufite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara "Atrial Flutter"?

Ibyago byo kurwara "Atrial Flutter" byiyongera uko imyaka igenda ishira. Byagaragaye kandi ko abagabo ari bo bafite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara iyi ndwara kurusha abagore.

Byongeye kandi, izindi ndwara n'ingeso zimwe na zimwe na zimwe zishobora kongera iyi ngaruka:

• Niba ufite izindi ndwara z'umutima (urugero: umutima unanirwa, indwara y'imitsi).
• Umuvuduko w'amaraso ukabije.
• Kudakora neza kwa tiroyide (cyane cyane hyperthyroidism).
• Diyabete (`Diabete Mellitus`).
• Indwara z'ibihaha (urugero: Indwara y'ibihaha idakira - `COPD`, `Pulmonary Embolism`).
• Kunywa inzoga nyinshi (`Indwara yo gukoresha inzoga`).
• Kubura umwuka wo gusinzira neza.
• Umubyibuho ukabije.

Ni izihe ngorane zishobora guterwa na `(Atrial Flutter)`?

Iyo ufite `(Atrial Flutter)`, umutima wawe ntukora neza. Tekereza nk'aho uteranya amaraso mu ruganda. Amaraso ava mu cyumba kimwe ajya mu kindi mbere yo kuva mu mutima.

Ariko iyo ufite `(Atrial Flutter)`, biba bimeze nk'aho ikigo cya mbere cy'akazi kuri iyi `assembly line` kirimo gukora cyane. Kubera ko atria y'umutima itera cyane, ntibagira umwanya wo kuzuza amaraso neza. Nanone, amaraso yose ari muri atria nta mwanya afite wo kwimukira mu byumba byo hasi (`ventricles`). Kubera iyo mpamvu , umubiri ntubona amaraso ahagije.

Ibi bishobora guteza ibibazo bibiri by'ingenzi:

1. Ingaruka zo kuvura amaraso no gucika imitsi cyangwa indwara y'umutima: Kubera ko nta gihe gihagije amaraso yose amanuka ava muri atria, hari amaraso aguma muri atria. Aya maraso aguma ahantu hamwe ashobora guhinduka amaraso. Iyo aya maraso anyuze mu bwonko, ashobora gutera paralysis, kandi iyo afashe imitsi y'umutima, ashobora gutera indwara y'umutima. Iyi ni yo ngorane iteje akaga cyane ya `(Atrial Flutter)`.

2. Indwara y'umutima n'indwara y'umutima: Iyo umutima ukomeje gutera cyane, imitsi y'umutima ishobora kunanirwa no gucika intege. Nanone, icyumba cyo hasi cy'umutima ntikigira umwanya wo kuzura neza, bityo ingano y'amaraso umutima utanga iragabanuka. Ibi nibikomeza, umutima ushobora kugira ikibazo cy'umutima.

Igikuru: Gutera indwara ya Atrial Flutter si ikintu cyoroshye gufata. Iyo idavuwe neza, ishobora gutera ingorane zikomeye.

Ni gute wasuzuma indwara yo mu mutwe (atrial flutter)?

Niba ufite ibimenyetso byavuzwe haruguru, muganga ashobora kugusuzuma, kandi byaba ngombwa, agakorera bimwe mu bizamini bikurikira:

• Electrocardiogram (ECG cyangwa EKG): Iki ni cyo kizamini cy'ingenzi cyane. Gipima imikorere y'amashanyarazi y'umutima wawe. Niba ufite flutter ya atrium, imirongo iri ku gishushanyo izagaragara mu buryo runaka , nk'igishushanyo cya sawtooth cyangwa igishushanyo cya picket fence .
• `Echocardiogram` (Echo): Ibi ni nko gusuzuma umutima. Bishobora gusuzuma niba amaraso afite ibice mu nda y'umutima. Bishobora kandi gusuzuma imiterere y'imitsi y'umutima n'imikorere y'imitsi y'umutima, n'ibindi.
• Gupima amaraso: Ibi bizamini bifasha gusuzuma ko hari imikorere myinshi ya tiroyide, uburinganire bw'ibinyabutabire mu maraso, cyangwa ibindi bibazo.
• Ibizamini by'imikorere y'ibihaha: Ibi bikorwa kugira ngo harebwe uburyo ibihaha bikora neza, kuko indwara zimwe na zimwe z'ibihaha zishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y'umutima.
• ``Holter monitor'' cyangwa ``Event monitor'':Hari igihe iyo ugiye kwa muganga, umutima utera vuba ushobora kugabanuka. Iyo bibaye bityo, ushobora gusabwa kwambara agakoresho gato gafata amajwi y'umutima wawe mu minsi mike.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura `(Atrial Flutter)`?

Mu kuvura indwara yo mu nda itera atrial flutter, ikintu cya mbere ugomba gukora ni ukuvura indwara y’ibanze iyitera. Urugero, iyo hari ikibazo cya tiroyide, kiravurwa. Byongeye kandi, hari uburyo bwihariye bwo kuvura indwara yo mu nda itera atrial flutter. Ibi bishobora kuba birimo imiti n’uburyo bwo kuvura.

Abantu benshi bashobora guhangana n'iki kibazo bakoresheje imiti. Kimwe n'indi miti iyo ari yo yose, hari ingaruka mbi zishobora kubaho, ariko ingaruka zishobora kuba nke ugereranije n'inyungu zayo. Iyo imiti idakora, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama y'ubundi buryo bwo kuvura.

Imiti

Ubwoko bw'ingenzi bw'imiti itangwa kuri `(Atrial Flutter)` ni:

• Imiti igabanya umuvuduko w'umutima: Iyi irimo imiti yitwa ``Calcium channel blockers'' na ``Beta-blockers.'' Iyi miti ikora mu kugenzura umuvuduko w'umutima.
• Imiti igabanya ubukana bw'umutima: Iyi miti igerageza guhagarika umuvuduko w'umutima wihuta kandi udasanzwe, ikawusubiza ku muvuduko usanzwe.
• Imiti igabanya amaraso cyangwa imiti igabanya amaraso: Ibi ni ingenzi cyane. Iyi miti itangwa kugira ngo ikumire amaraso yavuzwe haruguru kugira ngo adakora kandi agatera indwara nko gucika intege.

Uburyo bwo Kwakira

Niba imiti yonyine idahagije, ushobora no gukora ibintu nk'ibi:

• Gutera umutima ku mutima: Ibi bikubiyemo gusubiza umutima ku buryo butunguranye ku buryo busanzwe, haba hakoreshejwe imiti cyangwa hakoreshejwe amashanyarazi mu gituza. Ibi bikorwa ukoresheje ikinya, kugira ngo utazagira ububabare ubwo aribwo bwose.
• Kugabanya Katheteri: Ubu buryo ni uburyo bugoye gato bwo kuvura. Muri ubu buryo, umuyoboro muto (catheteri) ushyirwa mu mitsi ijyana amaraso mu mutima, ugasanga agace gato k'imitsi yo mu mutima gatera ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi bidasanzwe, hanyuma ukangiza hakoreshejwe radiofrequency cyangwa cryoablation. Ibi bihagarika ibimenyetso bidasanzwe.
• Uburyo bwo Guhindura Pacemaker cyangwa Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD): Niba ufite igikoresho nk'icyo cyashyizwe mu mutima wawe, ushobora kugerageza kugenzura flutter ya atrium uhindura imiterere yacyo.

Ese hari ingorane ziri mu kuvura?

Ni gake cyane, ingorane nto zishobora kubaho bitewe n'ubuvuzi nka ``(Catheter Ablation)``. Urugero:

• Kwandura
• Kuva amaraso
• Kwangirika k'umuyoboro w'amaraso
• Amaraso apfutse
• Indwara ya Stroke (idasanzwe cyane)

Ariko, izi ngaruka akenshi ziba nke cyane. Muganga wawe azagusobanurira neza.

Ubu buryo bwo kuvura bufite akamaro kangana iki?

• `Iterambere ry'umutima`: Ibi bifite igipimo cyo gutsinda kiri hagati ya 70% na 90%. Ibyo bivuze ko abantu 70-90 mu 100 umutima wabo uzasubira ku murongo.
• Kugabanya imitsi mu ruhu: Kuri bamwe, ibyago byo kongera kugabanuka mu ruhu nyuma yo gukuramo imitsi mu ruhu ni munsi ya 5%. Ariko, iki gipimo cyo gutsinda gishobora gutandukana bitewe n'ubwoko bwa flutter mu ruhu ndetse n'uko umurwayi amerewe. Mu bihe bigoye nko kugabanuka mu ruhu, igipimo cyo gutsinda gishobora kugera kuri 70%.

Bifata igihe kingana iki kugira ngo umuntu akire nyuma yo kuvurwa?

Nyuma yo kwimura umubiri, ubusanzwe ugomba kwitonda gato mu cyumweru cya mbere. Bazakubwira kudakora ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose nko guterura ibyuma cyangwa gutwara imodoka mu gihe cy'icyumweru kimwe. Nyuma y'ibyo, ushobora gusubira mu mirimo isanzwe buhoro buhoro.

Ese indwara ya Atrial Flutter ishobora kwirindwa?

Hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora gutera indwara, nk'imyaka, ntibishobora gukemurwa. Ariko, ibintu nko kugabanya inzoga bishobora gufasha kugabanya iyi ngaruka. Ni ngombwa kandi kubona ubuvuzi bukwiye ku zindi ndwara zishobora gutera indwara ziterwa no kurwara imitsi (nk'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, diyabete, n'ibibazo bya tiroyide).

Ni iki nkwiye kwitega mu gihe mfite `(Atrial Flutter)`?

Indwara ya Atrial Flutter ni indwara isanzwe igoranye gukira burundu kandi ifite ibyago byinshi byo kugira ingorane nka stroke, bityo uzakenera kujya kwa muganga wawe kugira ngo agukurikirane mu buzima bwawe bwose. Ni ngombwa kutabura iyi gahunda, kuko Atrial Flutter ikunze kugaruka. Ibi bishobora gutuma bamwe mu bantu bahora mu bitaro.

Nkwiye kwiyitaho nte?

• Igikuru ni ugukurikirana gahunda zawe zo guhura na muganga wawe. Buri mwaka, muganga wawe azasuzuma ibyago byawe byo kurwara indwara yo mu bwonko, akurikije izindi ndwara zawe. Niba ibyago byawe ari byinshi, ushobora gusabwa gukomeza gufata imiti igabanya amaraso.
• Fata imiti wahawe ku gihe.
• Hindura imibereho myiza (urugero: kureka kunywa itabi, kugabanya inzoga, kurya indyo yuzuye, gukora siporo).

Ni ryari ngomba kubonana na muganga wanjye?

Ugomba kujya kwa muganga wawe buri gihe. Hagati aho, niba ufite ubwivumbure ku miti iyo ari yo yose uhabwa, cyangwa niba ibimenyetso byawe bihindutse, bikarushaho kwiyongera, cyangwa niba ugaragaje ibimenyetso bishya, hita ubonana na muganga wawe.

Ni ryari nkwiye kujya mu cyumba cy’ubutabazi bw’ibanze (ER)?

Niba umutima wawe utera cyane kurusha 150 ku munota (ibyo ushobora kumva urebye uko umutima wawe utera) mu gihe uri mu kiruhuko, ugomba kwihutira gushaka ubuvuzi, kandi nibiba ngombwa, ujye mu cyumba cy’ubutabazi bw’ibanze. Nanone, niba ubabara cyane mu gituza, ugorwa cyane no guhumeka, cyangwa utameze neza, ugomba guhita ujya kwa muganga.

Ni ibihe bibazo ngomba kubaza muganga wanjye?

Ushobora gutekereza kubaza ibibazo nk'ibi mugihe ugiye guhura na muganga:

• Ese mfite `(Atrial Flutter)` cyangwa ubundi bwoko bw'indwara y'umutima?
• Ni ubuhe buryo bwiza bwo kuvura? Ni ibihe byiza n'ibibi?
• Ni izihe ngaruka mbi mfite zo kurwara indwara yo mu bwonko? Nakora iki kugira ngo nyigabanye?
• Ni ibihe bimenyetso ngomba kwitaho cyane cyane?
• Ni izihe mpinduka ngomba kugira mu mibereho yanjye?

Ese `(Atrial Flutter)` iteje akaga?

Indwara yo mu bwonko bw'umutima si indwara ishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga, ahubwo ni indwara ikomeye. Nkuko twabivuze mbere, iyo itavuwe, ishobora gutera ingorane zishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga, nko gucika kw'imitsi, indwara z'umutima, cyangwa indwara y'umutima.

Ni ibisanzwe kumva utameze neza iyo umutima wawe utera cyane. Ariko ntugahangayike, muganga wawe ashobora kuguha ubuvuzi bwiza bwa `(Atrial Flutter)`. Ubu buryo bwo kuvura bushobora kugabanya ibyago byo kugira izi ngorane zikomeye. Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa cyane kubahiriza gahunda zawe na muganga wawe no gukurikiza amabwiriza ye. Muganga wawe azagufasha guhitamo uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura indwara yawe.

None se, ni ibihe bintu twagombye kwibuka muri iyi nkuru?

• Gutera kw'umutima mu buryo bw'umwijima ni indwara aho icyumba cyo hejuru cy'umutima gitera cyane, ariko mu buryo bwihariye.
• Ibimenyetso bishobora kuba birimo kugorwa no guhumeka, isereri, no gufunga igituza. Hari abantu bashobora kuba badafite ibimenyetso na gato.
• Ikintu giteje akaga cyane ni ibyago byo kuvura amaraso bigatera ibintu nk'imitsi yo mu bwonko .
• Ibi bishobora kugaragara byoroshye ukoresheje ECG.
• Hariho uburyo bwo kuvura nk'imiti na ``(Ablation)''.
• Ndetse na nyuma yo kuvurwa, ni ingenzi cyane kubonana na muganga kugira ngo agukurikirane mu buzima bwawe bwose.
• Niba umutima wawe uruhuka utera cyane cyane ku munota urenga ibipimo 150, shaka ubufasha bwa muganga ako kanya.

Niba ufite ikindi kibazo kuri ibi, ntutinye kuvugana na muganga wawe. Azagusobanurira byose neza.

` Gutera kw'umutima, Umutima, Indwara z'umutima, ECG, Atrium, Uturemangingo, Kurema, Umutima, Kunanirwa k'umutima, Kugabanya ubukana bw'amaraso mu mitsi