Ese nawe ufite ubwo 'buryo butandukanye' bwo kwiheba? (Ihungabana ridasanzwe) Reka tubimenye neza!

Ese hari igihe wumva ufite agahinda gakabije, uremerewe, kandi udashaka gukora ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose? Ariko iyo inshuti yawe iguhamagaye ikakubwira inkuru nziza, cyangwa iyo urebye filime ukunda, ese ako gahinda karashira igihe gito maze ibyishimo bike bikaza mu mutwe wawe? Hanyuma se ukongera kumva agahinda n'ibiro bimwe? Abantu benshi batekereza ko kwiheba ari imimerere yo mu mutwe ihoraho kandi itagira ibyishimo. Ariko ubu 'bwoko butandukanye bwo kwiheba' tuvuga uyu munsi si ko bimeze. Biratandukanye gato.

Iyi 'depression idasanzwe' ni iki?

Mu magambo make, kwiheba kudasanzwe ni ubwoko bumwe bw'indwara yo kwiheba. Ariko ibimenyetso byayo bitandukanye gato n'ibimenyetso by'indwara dukunze kwita kwiheba.

Noneho ushobora gutekereza ko ijambo 'atypical' risobanura ikintu 'kidasanzwe' cyangwa 'kidakunze kugaragara'. Ariko si byo risobanura hano. Bisobanura, "kwerekana ibimenyetso bitandukanye n'ibimenyetso by'ihungabana dusanzwe tubona."

Ikintu cy'ingenzi kandi kidasanzwe muri ibi ni uko iyo ikintu cyiza kikubayeho, agahinda n'ihungabana wumva bishira by'agateganyo. Mu by'ukuri, amarangamutima yawe 'agira ingaruka' ku bintu byiza. Ibi tubyita mu buvuzi (reactivity y'amarangamutima) . Iki ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi gitandukanya iyi ndwara n'izindi ndwara zo kwiheba.

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati y'ihungabana 'risanzwe' n'iri hungabana 'ritandukanye'?

Byombi ni indwara zo mu mutwe. Byombi bikubiyemo kumva ufite agahinda n'ihungabana mu gihe kirekire. Ariko hari itandukaniro rigaragara hagati yabyo. Reka turebe ibyo ari byo. Reba iyi mbonerahamwe.

Ni nde ushobora kugira iyi ndwara cyane? Ni ku rugero rungana iki?

Iyi ndwara ikunze kugaragara ku bagore inshuro ebyiri kurusha abagabo. Nanone, ikunze gutangirira mu bwangavu, hagati y'imyaka 15-16 no mu ntangiriro y'imyaka 20.

Nubwo izina 'Atypical' ari ryo, ibi si ibisanzwe. Mu by'ukuri, hagati ya 15% na 36% by'abantu barwaye indwara yo kwiheba bafite ubwo bwoko bw'indwara yo kwiheba. Ibi bivuze ko ari indwara ikunze kugaragara cyane kurusha uko tubitekereza.

Ibimenyetso ni ibihe mu by'ukuri?

Uretse uburyo amarangamutima ahinduka twavuze mbere, ari na bwo amarangamutima yawe arushaho kuba meza iyo habayeho ikintu cyiza, ugomba kugira nibura ibintu bibiri muri ibi bikurikira kugira ngo umenye iyi ndwara.

• Gushaka kurya cyane cyangwa kongera ibiro: Ushobora kumva ushaka kurya ikintu igihe cyose. Ushobora cyane cyane kwifuza ibiryo birimo karubohidrati nyinshi (umuceri, umugati, ibintu biryoshye). Ibi bishobora gutuma wongera ibiro cyane.
• Kuryarya cyane: Kumva usinziriye nubwo wamaze gusinzira amasaha 10 cyangwa 12 ku munsi. Gusinzira kenshi ku manywa byitwa hypersomnia .
• Kurema umutwe: Amaboko n'amaguru yumva biremereye cyane kandi nta buzima bifite. Biyumva nk'aho biremereye nk'icyuma cy'isasu. Ibi bishobora gutuma bigorana kuva mu buriri cyangwa kugenda. Ibi byitwa igicuri cy'isasu mu buryo bw'ubuvuzi.
• Guterwa ubwoba bwinshi no kwangwa: Ndetse no kunengwa gato cyangwa akantu gato ko kwangwa bishobora kubabaza cyane. Ibi bishobora gutera ubwoba cyangwa kudashaka gusabana n'abandi cyangwa gukora akazi. Ibi bishobora guterwa no kwangwa nyako cyangwa gufatwa nk'aho ari ukwangwa.

Uretse ibi bimenyetso byihariye, ibimenyetso bikurikira biboneka mu ndwara yo kwiheba muri rusange nabyo bishobora kubaho:

• Kumva ufite agahinda gakabije no kwiheba.
• Gutakaza icyifuzo cyose cyo gukora ibintu byari bishimishije.
• Akamenyero ko kurakara vuba no guhangayika bitewe n'utuntu duto.
• Kugorwa no gutekereza no kwibuka ibintu.

Kuki iki kibazo kibaho?

Nta mpamvu n'imwe yabonetse ibi, ariko abashakashatsi bemeza ko biterwa n'ibintu bitandukanye.

• Impinduka mu bintu bikoresha ubwonko: Mu magambo make, ibi bishobora guterwa n'impinduka mu mikorere y'ibintu bikoresha ubwonko bwacu bitanga ubutumwa (tubyita neurotransmitters ) n'ahantu byakira ( neuroreceptors) .
• Genetics: Niba umuntu wo mu muryango wawe afite ikibazo cyo mu mutwe nk'ihungabana cyangwa indwara ya bipolar , uba uri mu kaga gakomeye ko kurwara iyo ndwara.
• Ihungabana: Ibintu bibabaza cyane cyane ibyabayeho mu bwana, nko guhohoterwa, bishobora gutuma habaho bene ibyo bibazo mu myaka yashize.
• Umuhangayiko udashira: Umuhangayiko w'igihe kirekire ku kazi no mu buzima bw'umuryango na wo ushobora kugira ingaruka kuri ibi.

Ibindi bintu byongera ibyago

Uretse impamvu zavuzwe haruguru, ibi bikurikira bishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara yo kwiheba idasanzwe:

• Kuba ufite amateka yo kugira indwara nk'indwara ya bipolar cyangwa ihungabana .
• Ibintu bibi byamubayeho mu bwana.
• Gukorerwa ihohoterwa rishingiye ku marangamutima, ku mubiri, cyangwa mu gitsina.
• Indwara ikomeye, nk'impanuka cyangwa indwara y'igihe kirekire.
• Agahinda gakomeye nk'uko umuntu yapfushije uwo akunda.
• Kuba afite amateka yo gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge cyangwa inzoga.

Ni gute umuganga asuzuma ibi?

Iyo ugiye kwa muganga, azakubwira witonze ibimenyetso byawe, amateka y'ubuzima bwawe, n'amateka y'ubuzima bwawe bwo mu mutwe.

Hari igihe ibizamini by'amaraso bishobora gukorwa kugira ngo harebwe izindi mpamvu z'umubiri zitera ibimenyetso byawe. Urugero, ibibazo bya tiroyide rimwe na rimwe bishobora gutera ibimenyetso by'ihungabana, bityo ni ngombwa gukuraho izo ndwara.

Hanyuma, nibiba ngombwa, muganga wawe ashobora kukwohereza ku muganga w’inzobere, nk’umuganga w’indwara zo mu mutwe.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura ibi?

Inkuru nziza ni uko indwara yo kwiheba idasanzwe ari indwara ishobora kuvurwa neza cyane . Uburyo bwo kuyivura bushobora gutandukana bitewe n'uburemere bw'indwara yawe. Hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bw'ubuvuzi bukunze gukoreshwa.

Ubuvuzi bw'imitekerereze

Ibi tubyita gusa ubujyanama. Aha, uganira ku bibazo byawe n'umujyanama w'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe wabyigiye (umujyanama, inzobere mu by'imitekerereze).

• Ubuvuzi bw'imyitwarire mu bwenge (CBT): Ubu ni uburyo bukoreshwa cyane kandi bufite akamaro. Bugufasha kumenya ibitekerezo bibi n'amarangamutima mabi biza mu mutwe wawe no gusobanukirwa uburyo bigira ingaruka ku bikorwa byawe. Ibi bigufasha guhindura iyo miterere mibi no gutoza gutekereza mu buryo bwiza.

Imiti (Imiti igabanya kwiheba)

Hari ubwoko butandukanye bw'imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura ihungabana. Iyi miti ikora ahanini mu kuringaniza urugero rw'imiti itera indwara mu bwonko.

• Mu bihe byashize, ubwoko bw'imiti yitwaga MAOIs bwakoraga neza cyane ku bantu bafite ikibazo cy'ihungabana ridasanzwe. Ariko hari ibintu byinshi byo kwitondera mu gihe uyifata hamwe n'ibiryo n'ibinyobwa, kandi hari ingaruka nyinshi mbi. Ubu rero abaganga ntibakunze gutanga inama kuri ubwo bwoko bw'imiti.
• Ubu, hari imiti myinshi yizewe, idakunze kugira ingaruka mbi, kandi ifite akamaro gakomeye, nka SSRIs .

Uretse ubu buryo bwo kuvura, guhindura bimwe mu mibereho yawe (imyitozo ngororamubiri, kwirinda kunywa inzoga n'ibiyobyabwenge) nabyo bishobora gufasha mu kurwanya ibimenyetso.

Bigenda bite iyo idavuwe?

Iyo bitavuwe, ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye.

• Kurya cyane bigatuma umuntu arya cyane kandi akagira ibiro byinshi.
• Ukwiyongera kw'amakimbirane mu mibanire.
• Ingaruka zo kwibasirwa n'ibiyobyabwenge ziyongera.
• Kugabanuka k'ubushobozi no kwirinda akazi cyangwa ibikorwa by'uburezi.
• Kongera kwiyongera kw'izindi ndwara z'umubiri.
• Ingaruka zo kwiyahura ziyongera.

Ariko, iyo uvuwe neza, 70% kugeza 80% by'abantu bafite ikibazo cyo kwiheba bashobora kugira impinduka zikomeye mu bimenyetso byabo. Uburyo bwa mbere bwo kuvura bushobora kutagufasha. Ariko ntucike intege. Vugana na muganga wawe kugira ngo ubone gahunda y'ubuvuzi ikubereye.

Ni ryari ngomba kujya kwa muganga?

Niba wumva ufite ibimenyetso bivugwa muri iyi nkuru, ntugatekereze uti "Iki ni ibyiyumvo byo kubabara gusa, bizagenda neza uko igihe kigenda gihita," kandi nyamuneka gana muganga vuba. Iki ni ikibazo cy'uburwayi gisaba kuvurwa, kimwe na diyabete n'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso.