Ese umwana wawe afite autisme? Reka tumenye byinshi kuri ubu buryo bwo kuvura autisme!

Iyo umuganga akubwiye ko umwana wawe afite autisme, ushobora kumva uremerewe ndetse ukagira n'ubwoba gato. Ibyo ni ibisanzwe. Ariko icy'ingenzi ni uko utari wenyine, kandi hari uburyo bwinshi butandukanye bwo kuvura bushobora gufasha umwana wawe. Ubu buryo bwo kuvura bushobora gufasha umwana wawe guteza imbere imbaraga ze no gutsinda imbogamizi ahura nazo mu buzima bwe bwa buri munsi. Uyu munsi, turaganira kuri ubu buryo bwo kuvura autisme.

Ubuvuzi bwa Autism ni iki? Reka tubisobanukirwe mu buryo bworoshye!

Mu magambo make, kuvura indwara ya autisme ni uburyo bufasha umwana wawe kugera ku bushobozi bwe bwose no kumufasha guhangana n'ibibazo ahura na byo. Ubuvuzi bumwe butangwa kwa muganga. Ubundi bushobora gutangwa mu rugo, ku ishuri, cyangwa ahandi hantu hahurira abantu benshi. Ubu buvuzi bushobora gutandukana cyane. Ariko muri rusange, bwose bugerageza gufasha umwana wawe guteza imbere ubumenyi akeneye kugira ngo agire icyo akora n'abandi, yige ibintu bishya, kandi akore mu buryo bwigenga uko bishoboka kose.

Ubwenge bwo mu mutwe si indwara, ni impinduka mu mikorere y'ubwonko!

Ibi ni ingenzi cyane. Abaganga b'abana n'abandi batanga serivisi z'ubuzima bamaze gusobanukirwa ko autisme ari itandukaniro rito mu buryo ubwonko bw'umwana wawe bukora, ryitwa neurodivergence . Si indwara ishobora "gukira." Kubwibyo, ubu buryo bwo kuvura ntibugera bugerageza "gukosora" autisme cyangwa ngo bushyire umwana mu buryo runaka. Ahubwo, ubu buryo bwo kuvura buha abana bafite autism ubumenyi bakeneye kugira ngo batere imbere kandi babeho neza mu isi idahora yoroshye ku bafite ubwo buryo bwo kuvura.

Wibuke ko autisme ari kimwe mu bigize umwirondoro w'umwana. Ubuvuzi bugerageza kubaha uwo mwirondoro no gufasha umwana koroshya ubuzima.

Si uburyo bwose bwo kuvura bumeze kimwe, sibyo? Twitondere imyizerere y'ibinyoma!

Mu gihe ushaka uburyo bwo kuvura umwana wawe, ibuka ibi: Si uburyo bwose bwo kuvura indwara ya autism bufite akamaro cyangwa bufite umutekano. Hari igihe udashobora kwizera ibyo ubona kuri interineti cyangwa ibyo inshuti yawe ivuga igamije. Hari ibitekerezo byinshi bitari byo n'amakuru atari yo kuri autism - impamvu zayo n'uburyo bwo kuvura.

Umuganga w’abana n’abandi bagize itsinda ry’ubuvuzi bw’umwana wawe bazagusaba uburyo bwo kuvura bushingiye ku bimenyetso gusa. Ibi bivuze ko ubu buryo bwo kuvura bwagaragaye ko bufite umutekano kandi bufite akamaro bitewe n’amakuru yavuye mu bushakashatsi bwizewe kandi bwateguwe neza. Rero, kurikiza inama za muganga wawe buri gihe.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwiza bwo kuvura indwara ya autism? Reka duhitemo uburyo bukwiriye umwana!

Hari uburyo bwinshi bwo kuvura bushobora gufasha umwana wawe. Ariko, nta buryo bumwe "bwiza kuri buri mwana." Abaganga b'umwana wawe bazakugira inama imwe cyangwa nyinshi. Mu gihe batanga inama, bazatekereza ku bikurikira:

• Niba ubuvuzi bujyanye n'imyaka y'umwana n'ibyo akeneye byihariye .
• Ni izihe ndwara zindi umwana ahura nazo hamwe n'indwara ya autisme?
• Uburyo ubu buryo bwo kuvura bujyanye n'ibyo umuryango wawe wifuza, gahunda yawo, n'ubushobozi bwawe bwo kwishyura .

Hari igihe ushobora kugerageza uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura kugira ngo ubone uburyo bwiza ku mwana wawe.

Dore bumwe mu buryo bwo kuvura abaganga b'umwana wawe bashobora kukugira inama:

• Ubuvuzi bw'imyitwarire
• Ubuvuzi bw'ururimi rw'imivugire
• Ubuvuzi bw'akazi n'imyitozo ngororamubiri
• Amahugurwa ku bumenyi bw'imibereho myiza
• Amahugurwa y'ababyeyi

Noneho reka tuvuge kuri buri bumwe muri ubu buryo mu buryo burambuye.

Ubuvuzi bw'imyitwarire

Ubuvuzi bw'imyitwarire bukubiyemo gushishikariza umwana wawe kugira imyitwarire myiza , nko gusaba ibintu ashaka. Bishobora kandi kugabanya imyitwarire igoye , harimo no kwiyangiza.

Hari abantu bahuguwe by’umwihariko kuri ibi, tubita Abasesenguzi b’Imyitwarire bemewe n’Inama (BCBAs) . Bategura ubu buryo bw’ubuvuzi bakurikije amahame ya Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) . ABA ni inyigisho yo kwigira. Ivuga ko uburyo twitwara bugenwa n’ibidukikije, cyane cyane ibintu bibaho nyuma y’iyo myitwarire (ingaruka). Mu guhemba imyitwarire myiza no kudahemba indi myitwarire, ushobora gufasha abana kwiga imyitwarire izaba ingirakamaro mu buzima bwabo.

Ariko, mu ntangiriro za ABA, hari impaka nyinshi kuri yo kuko ibihano byakoreshejwe mu kugabanya imyitwarire idahwitse. Ibyo ntibikibaho.

Uburyo bwo kuvura imyitwarire bugezweho:

• Ibihembo bikoreshwa (gushimangira ibintu neza). Ibihembo bitangwa kugira ngo umuntu agere ku ntego zimwe na zimwe bishishikariza umwana kwiga ubuhanga n'imyitwarire ikenewe mu kazi k'ishuri, mu mibanire myiza n'abandi, no mu buzima bwa buri munsi.
• Gukoresha umukino.Ibikorwa bishingiye ku mikino bishobora gufasha abana kwiga imibanire myiza no kubaka umubano na bagenzi babo. Urugero, abaganga bashobora kwerekana uburyo butandukanye bwo gukina, cyangwa bagashishikariza abana kuva mu mikorere yabo isanzwe yo gukina bakagerageza ikintu gishya.
• Kumenya impamvu z'imyitwarire igoye. Mu gusobanukirwa impamvu umwana yitwara mu buryo runaka, abatanga serivisi bashobora gushyiraho gahunda ijyanye n'ibyo umwana akeneye. Urugero, umwana ashobora kurakara iyo adashobora kugaragaza icyo akeneye.
• Ubu buvuzi butangwa mu buryo butandukanye. Ibi biratandukanye bitewe na gahunda. Ubuvuzi bumwe butangwa mu buryo bwemewe, nko mu biro by'umuganga. Ubundi bushobora gutangwa iwawe, ku ishuri ry'umwana wawe, cyangwa mu kigo cy'abaturage aho umwana wawe asanzwe aruhukira.
• Bishobora kuba iby'igihe gito cyangwa kirekire. Umwana wawe ashobora guhabwa ubuvuzi bw'imyitwarire mu gihe cy'amezi make, umwaka, cyangwa se igihe kirekire kurushaho. Biterwa n'ibyo umwana akeneye, bizahinduka uko igihe kigenda gihita. Gahunda zimwe zikubiyemo ubumenyi bwinshi, mu gihe izindi zifasha umwana kugera ku ntego yihariye y'igihe gito.

Ingero zimwe na zimwe z'ubuvuzi bw'imyitwarire

Uzasangamo uburyo bwinshi bwo kuvura indwara ya autism kuri interineti. Hari igihe bigorana kubutandukanya, cyangwa kumenya niba ari ubwo kwizerwa koko. Umuganga w'abana ashobora kukubwira byinshi ku byo ushaka, kandi akagufasha kumenya gahunda zifite ibimenyetso byiza. Kugira ngo utangire, dore bumwe mu buryo buzwi kandi bushingiye ku bimenyetso:

• Ubuvuzi bukoreshwa mu gihe cy’imyitozo ngororamubiri mu gihe cy’ibanze (EIBI): EIBI itangira ku bana bafite imyaka 4 cyangwa munsi yayo. Ubu buvuzi bukunze gutangwa mu gihe cy’imyaka myinshi. Bukemura ibibazo nko mu itumanaho, imibanire n’abandi, ndetse n’imyitwarire ibuza cyangwa isubiramo. Bukorerwa ahantu hateguwe neza.
• Uburyo bwo gutangiza imyitozo ya Denver bwa Hakiri kare (ESDM): ESDM yagenewe abana bato. Itangwa mu buzima bwa buri munsi (buzwi kandi nk'ahantu nyaburanga), nko mu rugo iwawe. Ifasha umwana kubaka ubumenyi bwe mu mibanire, mu bwenge no mu rurimi binyuze mu mikino.
• Kwita ku bandi, Gukina mu buryo bw'ikigereranyo, Gushyigikira no kugenzura (JASPER): Uburyo bwa JASPER bukoresha kandi umukino. Bukoreshwa mu kwigisha abana bafite amezi 12 kugeza ku myaka 8 ubuhanga mu itumanaho. Bukorerwa mu bidukikije, nko mu rugo iwawe cyangwa mu ishuri ry'umwana wawe.
• Uburyo bwo kuvura indwara y’igikomere (PRT):PRT zifasha abana kugira icyifuzo cyo gusabana n'abandi no guteza imbere ubumenyi bw'ibanze mu mibanire. Ibi birimo ubuhanga bwihariye nko gutangiza ikiganiro, gusubiza abandi, no gutegereza igihe cyabo.
• Kuvura no kwigisha abana bafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe n'ibindi bijyanye n'itumanaho (TEACCH®): Uburyo bwa TEACCH® bufasha abana guteza imbere ubumenyi butandukanye mu buryo bw'imiterere bujyanye n'ubushobozi bwabo n'ibyo bumva bakunze.

Ubuvuzi bw'Ururimi rw'Imvugo

Ubuvuzi bw'imivugire n'indimi bushobora gufasha umwana wawe guteza imbere ubuhanga bwe bwo kuvugana . Ni bumwe mu buryo bukunze gukoreshwa mu kuvura indwara ya autism. Dore ingero zimwe na zimwe z'ibintu abaganga b'imivugire bashobora gufasha umwana wawe:

• Menya gukoresha interuro ngufi mu gusaba ibintu wifuza.
• Itoze kugaragaza amarangamutima yawe mu magambo .
• Hindura umuvuduko cyangwa injyana y'amagambo avugwa.
• Koresha uburyo bwo kongera itumanaho n'ubundi buryo bwo gutumanaho (AAC) . AAC ikubiyemo ibintu nk'ibikoresho bitanga imvugo, ururimi rw'amarenga, n'amakarita ariho amashusho cyangwa ibimenyetso.

Ubuvuzi bw'Imirimo n'Imikorere

Ubuvuzi bw'Imirimo (OT) bufasha umwana kugira ubumenyi bukenewe kugira ngo akore imirimo ya buri munsi (imyuga). Urugero, ubuvuzi bw'Imirimo (OT) bushobora kongera ubushobozi bw'umwana bwo gukora Ibikorwa by'Ubuzima bwa Buri Munsi (ADLs) nko koza amenyo no kwambara. Ubuvuzi bw'Imikorere (PT) bufasha umwana ufite ubuhanga bwo gukora imitsi , kuringaniza, kugenda neza, no kugenda n'amano.

Aba bavuzi bashobora kuyobora umwana mu myitozo itandukanye kugira ngo bongere imbaraga ze z'umubiri, ubushobozi bwo guhuza imikorere, n'ubushobozi bwo gukora imitsi - ingendo zikenewe mu gihe cyo kwiga, gukina, no gukora ibintu byo kwidagadura.

Amahugurwa ku Buhanga mu Mibanire n'Abantu

Amahugurwa ku bumenyi bw'imibanire, azwi kandi nka group social skills intervention (GSSI) , ni uburyo bugamije gufasha abana kwiga uko bakora mu mibereho yabo. Ibi bitandukanye n'ubundi buryo bwo kuvura bwubaka ubumenyi bw'imibanire nk'igice cya gahunda yuzuye ikemura ibibazo by'umuntu ku giti cye. Amahugurwa ku bumenyi bw'imibanire akorerwa mu matsinda. Akenshi agenewe abana bato n'ingimbi.

Gutoza umwana ubumenyi mu mibanire y'abantu bikubiyemo gukoresha inyigisho zitaziguye, ibyerekanwa, amashusho, n'ikinamico kugira ngo bifashe umwana kwiga kuba umuhanga mu mibanire.Gufasha abana kumva bafite icyizere kandi bamerewe neza. Urugero, abarera abana bashobora gufasha abana gukora ibintu nk'ibi:

• Menya ingamba zo kubaka umubano na bagenzi bawe.
• Sobanukirwa ibimenyetso bitari amagambo, nko kureba mu maso no kugaragara mu maso.
• Jya mu biganiro bigenda bigaruka .
• Genzura uburyo uhangana n'ihohoterwa.

Amahugurwa y'ababyeyi

Ubu buryo bwo gufata ingamba bugufasha, umubyeyi, kwiga ingamba zo gufasha umwana wawe. Urugero, abashinzwe kuvura bashobora kukwigisha ibintu nk'ibi:

• Uburyo bwo gukurikiza ubuyobozi bw'umwana wawe .
• Uburyo bwo gukurura umwana wawe .
• Uburyo bwo guha umwana wawe amahitamo .
• Uburyo bwo gushishikariza abantu kugirana imikoranire hagati yabo .

Bitewe na gahunda runaka, ushobora kandi guhabwa aya mahugurwa nk'itsinda hamwe n'abandi babyeyi. Akazi ukora mu mahugurwa y'ababyeyi kazunganira, cyangwa kakongera imbaraga, ku kuvura umwana wawe.

Ni ubuhe bufasha ubu buvuzi butanga ku mwana?

Kuvura indwara ya autisme bishobora gufasha umwana wawe mu bintu nk'ibi:

• Koresha ubuhanga bwe n'impano ze neza .
• Vugana mu buryo buhuye n'ibyo yifuza n'ibyo akeneye .
• Kubaka ubuhanga mu mibanire n'abandi .
• Gabanya ibibazo by'imyitwarire .
• Shaka ubumenyi bwo kubaho bwa buri munsi bumufasha kwigenga .
• Guhangana neza n'impinduka mu buzima - urugero, kuva mu bwana ujya mu buto cyangwa kuva mu bwana ujya mu bukuru.

Ni ryari ubuvuzi buba ingirakamaro cyane?

Uburyo bwo kuvura indwara ya autisme bugira ingaruka zikomeye mu gihe kirekire iyo butangiye mbere y'imyaka 3. Ibi biterwa nuko ubwonko bw'umwana bukiri gukura kandi bukaba bwakira impinduka mu myaka mike ya mbere y'ubuzima bwe. Ariko, ubuvuzi ku myaka iyo ari yo yose bushobora kugira akamaro kandi bukafasha umwana wawe. Icy'ingenzi ni uko uko utangiye kare ari ko bigenda neza.

Ni iki wagombye gushaka mu gihe uhitamo uburyo bwo kuvura umwana wawe?

Umuganga w'abana ashobora kugufasha no gutanga inama. Muri rusange, dore ibintu by'ingenzi ugomba kwitaho:

• Abarezi bazasuzuma ibyo umwana wawe akeneye.
• Abatanga serivisi zo kuvuraBashobora gusobanura uburyo iterambere ry'umwana rizapimwa, kandi bafite intego zisobanutse umwana agomba kugeraho.
• Hari abakozi bahagije bo kwita ku mwana ku giti cye .
• Abatanga serivisi bahawe amahugurwa akwiye kandi bazagusangiza ubumenyi bwabo n'amateka yabo.
• Ibyo umwana akunda n'ibyo akunda byitabwaho mu gihe cyo kugena uburyo azavurwa (urugero, mu gihe cyo kugena ubwoko bw'uburyo bwo kongera imbaraga).
• Abavuzi bishimiye uruhare rwawe, bivuze ko bumva ibyifuzo byawe kandi bakakwigisha ibintu ushobora gukora kugira ngo ufashe umwana wawe mu rugo.

Kuvura indwara ya autisme bigomba kuba ibijyanye no kuzamura umwana wawe, no kumwubaha nk'umuntu ku giti cye. Niba hari ikintu kitakubereye, cyangwa niba wumva utanyuzwe n'uburyo ubwo aribwo bwose bwo kuvura, tega amatwi ugende ahandi.

Buri mwana ni umwihariko - kandi n'uburyo bwo kuvura bugomba kuba butandukanye. Icyakubereye umwana umwe gishobora kutakigirira akamaro uwawe, kandi nta kibazo. Bishobora gusaba igerageza kugira ngo ubone icyakubereye neza umuryango wawe. Kandi ibyo ukeneye bishobora guhinduka uko igihe kigenda gihita.

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Ishingikirize ku buyobozi bw'umuganga w'abana, kandi ubaze ibibazo byinshi uko bishoboka kose. Uriga hamwe n'umwana wawe. Ni ngombwa kwiga byinshi uko bishoboka kose ku bijyanye n'ubuvuzi butandukanye n'icyo bushobora kugukorera. Uko urushaho kugira ubumenyi, ni ko uzagira ibikoresho byinshi byo gufasha umwana wawe kubaka ubuzima yifuza kandi akwiye. Ntugacike intege, wifuza ibyiza ku mwana wawe!

` Autism, Ubuvuzi bwa Autism, Autism, Ubuvuzi bwa Autism, Ubuzima bw'abana, Ubuvuzi bw'imyitwarire, Ubuvuzi bwo kuvuga, Inama ku babyeyi, ABA, ESDM