Ubuzima bunyura mu mibiri yacu: Icyo ukeneye kumenya ku maraso

Ese wigeze wibaza ukuntu aya mazi atukura atemba mu mibiri yacu, yitwa amaraso, akora akazi gatangaje? Kimwe n'ikamyo itwara imizigo ijya mu mujyi, amaraso atwara ibintu dukeneye mu bice byose by'umubiri wacu kandi agakuraho ibintu tudakeneye. Ni ingenzi mu buzima bwacu. Uyu munsi, reka tuvuge kuri aya mazi atanga ubuzima.

Amaraso ni iki? Kuki ari ingenzi cyane kuri twe?

Muri make, amaraso ni amazi y'ingenzi ajyana ogisijeni n'intungamubiri mu ngingo z'umubiri wacu, kandi agakura imyanda muri izo ngingo. Mu yandi magambo, amaraso ahora atembera mu mibiri yacu yose, agafasha kugira ubuzima bwiza bw'umubiri wacu.

Dore zimwe mu nshingano z'ingenzi z'amaraso:

• Ogisijeni yinjira mu bihaha byacu iyo duhumeka hamwe n'intungamubiri tubona mu byo turya bijyanwa muri buri karemangingo gato k'umubiri wacu.
• Bifasha gutwara imyanda, nka dioxyde de carbone, ikorerwa mu turemangingo ikayigarura mu bihaha no mu mpyiko, ikayikura mu mubiri.
• Biturinda indwara mu kurwanya mikorobe zinjira mu mubiri.
• Iyo twakomeretse , amaraso arafungana kugira ngo ahagarike kuva amaraso.
• Igenzura kandi ikaringaniza ubushyuhe bw'umubiri n'umuvuduko w'amaraso.

Hari ibice bine by'ingenzi by'amaraso. Ibi bice bine bikora hamwe kugira ngo bikore iyo mirimo yose.

Amaraso aherereye he? Akorwa ate?

Amaraso atembera mu miyoboro y'amaraso mu mubiri wacu. Tekereza ku mutima wacu nk'ipompo y'amazi. Iyi pompe yohereza amaraso mu mubiri wose binyuze mu miyoboro y'amaraso.

• Imitsi: Iyi ni imiyoboro itwara amaraso meza kandi akungahaye kuri ogisijeni iva mu mutima ikayajyana mu mubiri wose.
• Imitsi: Iyi ni imitsi itwara amaraso yakoreshejwe, adahumeka neza, ava mu ngingo z'umubiri akayijyana mu mutima.
• Imiyoboro y'amaraso: Iyi ni imiyoboro myiza cyane ihuza imitsi n'imitsi. Intungamubiri na ogisijeni bihererekanywa hagati y'uturemangingo binyuze muri iyo miyoboro y'amaraso.

Noneho reka turebe aho amaraso akorerwa. Uruganda runini aho amaraso akorerwa ruri mu magufwa yacu . Ibi tubyita umwongo w'amagufwa . Muri uyu mwongo w'amagufwa hari ubwoko bwihariye bw'uturemangingo, twitwa uturemangingo tw'amaraso. Uturemangingo twose mu maraso yacu, nk'uturemangingo dutukura, uturemangingo tw'amaraso twera na plaquettes, tuva muri utwo turemangingo tw'amaraso. Iyo tumaze gukura, twinjira mu mitsi y'amaraso.

Reka turebe icyo amaraso arimo.

Umugabo mukuru afite litiro zigera kuri 5 z'amaraso mu mubiri we. Umugore afite litiro zigera kuri 4. Amaraso agize hafi 8% by'uburemere bw'umubiri wacu. Iyo turebye imiterere y'aya maraso:

• Amaraso: Ibi bigize 55% gusa by'amaraso.
• Uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura: Tugize hafi 44% by'amaraso.
• Uturemangingo tw’amaraso tw’umweru n’uduce duto tw’amaraso: Ibi byombi hamwe bigize ingano nto, hafi 1%.

Amaraso

Iki ni amazi y'umuhondo. Ni amazi arenga 90%. Byongeye kandi, poroteyine n'umunyu birashonga muri cyo. Akamaro nyamukuru ka plasma ni ugutwara izindi selile z'amaraso n'ibindi bintu bikenerwa mu mubiri wose.

Uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura

Ibara ritukura riterwa na poroteyine yitwa hemoglobin . Hemoglobine ni yo itwara ogisijeni mu mubiri wose. Igihe cy'ubuzima bw'uturemangingo dutukura mu maraso ni iminsi 120. Uko uturemangingo dushaje dupfa, uturemangingo dushya tuvuka mu musemburo w'amagufwa.

Uturemangingo tw'amaraso tw'umweru

Aba ni abasirikare b'ubudahangarwa bwacu bw'umubiri . Bameze nk'abapolisi mu mibiri yacu. Iyo abanzi nk'udukoko dutera indwara n'uturemangingo twa kanseri baje, utu turemangingo tw'amaraso bwera tujya kurwana no kuturinda. Hari ubwoko butandukanye bwatwo.

Amateraleti

Ibi ni uduce tw’uturemangingo tumeze nk’uduce tw’ibice. Iyo utemye ikiganza cyawe, kuva amaraso kurahagarara nyuma y’igihe runaka kubera izi platelets. Nibo baza vuba bagafunga igikomere bagashyiraho 'plaster' kugira ngo bahagarike kuva amaraso.

Ni izihe ndwara zikunze kwibasira amaraso?

Kimwe n'ibindi byose, amaraso yacu ashobora kurwara indwara zitandukanye. Izi ndwara zishobora kugabanywamo ibice bibiri.

Kanseri y'amaraso

Kanseri y'amaraso ibaho iyo uturemangingo tw'amaraso tudasanzwe dutangiye gukura vuba bitewe n'impinduka mu turemangingo dukora uturemangingo tw'amaraso.

• Leukemia
• Lymphoma
• Myeloma

Izindi ndwara z'amaraso

Izi ni indwara zitari kanseri aho uturemangingo tw’amaraso tudashobora gukora akazi katwo neza.

• Anemia: Iyi ni yo ndwara ikunze kugaragara cyane mu maraso. Muri make, anemia ni iyo umubiri udafite uturemangingo dutukura duhagije. Ushobora kuba warumvise ibyerekeye anemia ibura icyuma . Ubwo ni bwo bwoko bukunze kugaragara cyane.
• Indwara zo Kuziba Amaraso: Ibi ni ibibazo bya platelets, cyangwa poroteyine zifasha amaraso kuziba.
• Indwara zo kuva amaraso: Iyi ni indwara aho amaraso adafatana neza. Ibi bishobora gutera kuva amaraso menshi ndetse no mu gikomere gito. Hemophilia ni urugero ruzwi cyane rw'iyi ndwara.

Wamenya ute niba hari ikibazo mu maraso yawe?

Uburyo bwiza bwo kumenya neza niba hari ikibazo mu maraso yawe ni ugupima amaraso . Ariko, umubiri wawe uguha ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe.

Ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara by’ikibazo cy’amaraso ni ibi bikurikira:

• Umunaniro n'umunaniro ukabije: Iki gishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi cy'amaraso make.
• Kurwara kenshi: Iyo uturemangingo tw’amaraso tw’umweru turi hasi, ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri buragabanuka kandi ibyago byo kurwara birushaho kwiyongera.
• Gukomereka bitasobanuwe cyangwa kuva amaraso menshi bitewe n'ibikomere bito: Iki gishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'umubare muto w'ibinure mu maraso.

Ikindi kintu ni uko uturemangingo twagutse . Uturemangingo ni urugingo ruyungurura kandi rugasukura amaraso yacu. Iyo habayeho ikibazo ku turemangingo tw'amaraso, tugomba gukora cyane kandi dushobora kubyimba.

Amaraso yacu ni umutungo w'agaciro gakomeye. Ni nk'ibicanwa bitanga ubuzima ku mubiri wacu. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane kwita ku buzima bw'amaraso.