Ese ubwenge bwawe ntiburi ahantu hamwe? Ese biragoye kugenzura amarangamutima yawe? Reka tuvuge ku ndwara y'imibanire y'abantu iterwa n'imipaka (BPD)

Ese hari igihe wumva udashobora kugenzura amarangamutima yawe, kandi ibintu bikugeraho vuba cyane? Cyangwa hari umuntu uzi ufite amarangamutima ahinduka mu buryo butunguranye ku buryo akunze kubangamira imibanire ye n'abandi? Birashoboka ko impamvu nyamukuru y'ibi byiyumvo ari indwara yo mu mutwe tugiye kuvugaho uyu munsi. Iyi yitwa Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) .

Iyi ndwara yitwa BPD (indwara y’imiterere y’umuntu ku ruhande) ni iki?

Mu magambo make, indwara y’imibanire y’abantu (BPD) ni indwara yo mu mutwe irangwa no guhinduka gukabije kw’amarangamutima , kudahuzagurika mu mibanire y’abantu , no kudakora ibintu uko ubyifuza .

Abantu bafite BPD batinya cyane gutabwa . Bagorwa no kugenzura amarangamutima yabo, cyane cyane uburakari. Bashobora no gukora ibintu bahubutse, rimwe na rimwe mu buryo buteje akaga (urugero, gutwara imodoka mu buryo butunguranye, bagakangisha kwiyangiza) . Izi myitwarire zose zishobora gutuma bigorana gukomeza umubano mwiza n'abandi.

Indwara y’imibanire y’abantu iterwa n’imipaka ni ubwoko bw’indwara y’imibanire y’abantu yitwa ``Cluster B```. Iyi ndwara y’imibanire y’abantu yitwa ``Cluster B``` irangwa n’imyitwarire ikomeye kandi idasanzwe. Indwara z’imibanire y’abantu ni imyitwarire idakora neza idakora neza kandi ibangamira imikorere ya buri munsi . Iyi myitwarire iragoye kuyihindura, iboneka hose, kandi ishobora gutera ibibazo mu mibanire y’abantu no kubabara mu mutwe.

Akenshi, abantu barwaye BPD ntibazi ko bafite iyo ndwara, kandi ntibazi ko bashobora kwitwara neza no gusabana n'abandi.

Ese izi ndwara ebyiri zitwa BPD na bipolar disorder?

Yego, hari itandukaniro rigaragara hagati y’ibyo byombi. Nubwo indwara ya bipolar itera impinduka zikomeye mu byiyumvo no mu myitwarire, itandukanye na BPD.

Muri BPD, amarangamutima n'imyitwarire bishobora guhinduka vuba kandi mu buryo butunguranye iyo umuntu ahuye n'imihangayiko ikomeye, cyane cyane iyo akorana n'abandi . Mu ndwara ya bipolar, amarangamutima arushaho gukomera , kandi ntakira vuba ibintu byo hanze. Abantu bafite indwara ya bipolar bagira impinduka nini mu mbaraga no mu bikorwa, bitandukanye n'abantu bafite BPD.

Ni nde ugerwaho n'iki kibazo cyane?

Ibibazo byinshi by’imico bitangira mu bwana, igihe imico yawe ikiri gukura no gukura.Kubwibyo, abantu benshi basanzwe bafite ikibazo cy’imibanire y’abantu bafite ubumuga bw’imitsi baba barengeje imyaka 18.

Nubwo umuntu wese ashobora kurwara BPD, ushobora kuyirwara cyane iyo umuntu wo mu muryango wawe afite BPD (amateka y’umuryango wa BPD) . Iyi ngaruka ni nyinshi ku bantu bafite izindi ndwara zo mu mutwe, nko guhangayika, kwiheba, cyangwa ibibazo byo kurya .

Abantu bagera kuri 75% banduye BPD ni abagore , ariko ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko abagabo nabo bashobora kugerwaho n’iyi ndwara. Ariko, bashobora kuba bafatwa nabi nk’abafite indwara yo guhangayika nyuma yo guhungabana (PTSD) cyangwa ihungabana.

Iyi ndwara ikunze kugaragara gute?

Indwara yo mu bwoko bwa Borderline personality disorder ni indwara idakunze kugaragara . Abantu bakuru bagera kuri 1.4% muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika bafite BPD.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'indwara y'imibanire y'abantu (BPD)?

Ibimenyetso bya BPD bikunze kugaragara mu myaka yawe ya nyuma y'ubugimbi cyangwa mu myaka y'ubukure . Ibi bimenyetso bishobora guterwa cyangwa bigakongerwa n'ikintu giteye ishozi cyangwa ikintu gihangayikishije.

Uko igihe kigenda gihita, ibi bimenyetso bikunze kugabanuka ndetse bishobora no gucika burundu.

Ibimenyetso bishobora gutandukana kuva ku gushoboka kugeza ku bikomeye cyane. Ushobora kubona ibimenyetso bikurikira byose hamwe:

• Ubwoba bwo gutereranwa: Ni ibisanzwe ko abantu barwaye BPD bumva batameze neza bari bonyine. Iyo bumva baratereranywe cyangwa batitaweho, bashobora kumva bafite ubwoba bwinshi cyangwa uburakari. Bashobora gushaka abakunzi babo bakagerageza kubabuza kugenda. Cyangwa, bashobora kwirukana umuntu mbere yuko begera cyane, batinya kwangwa. Tekereza inshuti yawe irakaye iyo utinze gusubiza ubutumwa ikakubwira iti "Waransize."
• Imibanire idahamye kandi ikomeye: Abantu bafite BPD bahura n'ikibazo cyo gukomeza imibanire myiza kuko bashobora guhindura mu buryo butunguranye kandi bukomeye uburyo batekereza ku bandi. Bashobora gufata umuntu nk'imana akanya gato hanyuma bakamufata nk'aho ntacyo amaze mu kanya gato. Ibi bishobora no kuba ibindi. Ubucuti bwabo, ishyingiranwa ryabo, n'imibanire yabo n'imiryango yabo akenshi biba mu kajagari kandi bidahamye.
• Ishusho idahamye cyangwa uko wiyumva:Abantu barwaye BPD bakunze kugira isura idasobanutse neza kandi idasobanutse neza. Bakunze kumva bafite icyaha kandi bafite isoni, kandi bakibona nk' "ababi." Bashobora guhindura isura yabo mu buryo butunguranye, bagahindura intego zabo, ibitekerezo byabo, akazi kabo, n'inshuti zabo. Bashobora kandi kwangiza iterambere ryabo. Urugero, bashobora gukora kugira ngo "batsindwe" ikizamini, basenye umubano, cyangwa birukanwe ku kazi kabo.
• Impinduka zihuse mu byiyumvo: Abantu barwaye BPD bashobora kugira impinduka zitunguranye mu buryo bumva abandi, ubwabo ndetse n'isi ibakikije. Amarangamutima adasobanutse nk'uburakari, ubwoba, guhangayika, urwango, agahinda n'urukundo bishobora guhinduka vuba kandi mu buryo butunguranye. Izi mpinduka akenshi zimara amasaha make gusa, gake cyane zigatwara iminsi mike.
• Imyitwarire iteye ubwoba kandi iteye ubwoba: Gutwara imodoka mu buryo butunguranye, kurwana, gukina urusimbi, gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge, kurya cyane, cyangwa gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina idahwitse ni ibintu bikunze kugaragara mu bantu bafite BPD.
• Kwiyahura kenshi cyangwa kwiyahura: Abantu barwaye BPD bashobora kwiyahura, kwitwika, cyangwa kwiyahura , cyangwa bagakangisha kubikora. Bashobora kandi kugira ibitekerezo byo kwiyahura. Izi myitwarire yo kwiyahura ikunze kubaho iyo umuntu amwiyanze, yumva yatereranywe, cyangwa ababajwe n'uwo amwitaho cyangwa uwo akunda.
• Kumva nta cyo umaze: Abantu benshi barwaye BPD bumva bababaye, barambiwe, batanyuzwe, kandi "badafite icyo bamaze." Kumva nta cyo umaze no kwiyanga nabyo ni ibintu bisanzwe.
• Ibibazo byo gucunga uburakari: Abantu barwaye BPD bagorwa no kugenzura uburakari bwabo, kandi bararakara cyane. Bashobora kugaragaza uburakari bwabo binyuze mu nseko zikaze, amagambo mabi, cyangwa bakavugana induru n'ibitutsi. Bashobora kumva bafite isoni n'icyaha nyuma y'ibihe nk'ibyo.
• Ibitekerezo by'igihe gito byo gucika intege: Hari igihe ushobora kugira ibihe byo kwitandukanya n'abandi , ibitekerezo byo gucika intege, ndetse rimwe na rimwe ushobora kubona cyangwa kumva ibintu bitahari (hallucinations). Ibi bikunze kubaho iyo uri mu stress nyinshi, cyane cyane iyo utinya ko bazagutererana. Ibi bimenyetso ni iby'igihe gito kandi akenshi ntabwo bikomeye ku buryo byafatwa nk'indwara yihariye.

Igikuru ni uko atari buri wese ufite ikibazo cy’imiterere y’umuntu ufite ibi bimenyetso byose. Uburemere bw’ibimenyetso, inshuro bivuka, n’igihe bimara bitandukanye bitewe n’umuntu ku giti cye.

Ni izihe mpamvu zishobora kuba zibitera?

Abaganga bemeza ko hari ibintu byinshi bigira uruhare mu iterambere rya BPD. Iby'ingenzi ni ibi bikurikira:

• Ihohoterwa n'ihungabana mu bwana: Abantu bagera kuri 70% bafite BPD bagiye bahura n'ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina, ku marangamutima, cyangwa ku mubiri bakiri abana. Gutandukana na nyina, imibanire mibi na nyina, imipaka idakwiriye mu muryango, no kuba ababyeyi banywa ibiyobyabwenge na byo bifitanye isano na BPD.
• Genetics: Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko indwara y’imibanire y’abantu iterwa n’imipaka igaragara mu miryango. Niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe ufite BPD, ushobora kuyirwara, ariko ntabwo ari garanti y’uko uzayirwara.
• Impinduka mu bwonko: Ibice by'ubwonko bigenzura amarangamutima n'imyitwarire ku bantu barwaye BPD ntibivugana neza. Ibi bibazo bigira ingaruka ku buryo ubwonko bwabo bukora.

Umenya ute iyi ndwara?

Kubera ko imico ikomeza kubaho mu bwana no mu bwangavu, abaganga ntibasuzuma umuntu ufite ikibazo cy’imibanire y’abantu mbere y’imyaka 18. Ariko, ni gake cyane umuntu uri munsi y’imyaka 18 ashobora gufatwa na BPD iyo ibimenyetso bye bikomeye cyane kandi amaze nibura umwaka umwe abimenye.

Indwara y’imibanire y’abantu ishingiye ku mupaka, harimo n’izindi ndwara z’imibanire y’abantu, ishobora kugorana kuyisuzuma kuko abantu benshi bafite iyo ndwara y’imibanire y’abantu batazi imyitwarire n’uburyo bwo gutekereza bubangamira abandi.

Nubwo basaba ubufasha, ntabwo ari ukubera indwara y’imico ubwayo. Ahubwo, baba bashaka ubufasha ku bibazo nk’imihangayiko cyangwa kwiheba biterwa n’ibibazo bijyanye n’imico yabo (urugero: gutandukana, gutakaza umubano).

Inzobere mu by’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe yemewe – inzobere mu by’indwara zo mu mutwe , inzobere mu by’imitekerereze y’abantu , cyangwa umukozi ushinzwe imibereho myiza y’abaturage – bashobora gusuzuma BPD. Bakoresha ibipimo ngenderwaho bya BPD mu gitabo cy’ubuvuzi n’imibare cy’Ishyirahamwe ry’Abanyamerika ryita ku ndwara zo mu mutwe (DSM) .

Kugira ngo babigereho, baragira bati:

• Ikiganiro cyuzuye kirakorwa kandi ibimenyetso biraganirwaho.
• Amateka y’ubuzima bwite n’amateka y’ubuzima bw’umuryango birabazwa, cyane cyane ku bijyanye n’indwara zo mu mutwe.
• Kubaza ku mirimo yabanje.
• Barabaza niba bashobora kugenzura ibitekerezo byabo bitunguranye.

Abahanga mu by’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe bakunze kuganira n’umuryango w’uwo muntu n’inshuti ze kugira ngo bakusanye amakuru arambuye ku myitwarire ye n’amateka ye.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura ibi?

Mu mateka, kuvura BPD byari ingorabahizi. Ariko, hamwe n’uburyo bushya bwo kuvura bushingiye ku bimenyetso, abantu benshi barwaye BPD bahuye n’igabanuka ry’ibimenyetso, ubukana bugabanuka, imikorere yabo irushaho kuba myiza, ndetse n’imibereho yabo irushaho kuba myiza.

Ariko, uburyo bwo kuvura bukora neza busaba igihe, kwihangana, no kwitanga.Ubuvuzi bushobora kuba burimo ubuvuzi bwo mu mutwe (ubuvuzi bwo kuvugana), imiti, cyangwa byombi.

Niba uri mu muhangayiko mwinshi cyangwa uri mu kaga ko kwiyangiza cyangwa kugirira abandi nabi, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo kujya mu bitaro igihe gito. Mu gihe uzaba uri mu bitaro, muganga wawe azagufasha gutegura gahunda yo kuvura.

Abantu bafite uburwayi bwo mu mutwe buterwa n'imibare y'abantu bakunze kugira izindi ndwara zo mu mutwe:

• Indwara zo mu mutwe (hagati ya 80% na 96% by'abantu bafite BPD)
• Indwara zo guhangayika (88%)
• Indwara yo gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge (64%)
• Indwara zo kurya (53%)
• Indwara yo kudakora neza/guhangayika cyane (ADHD) (hagati ya 10% na 30%)
• Indwara ya Bipolar (15%)
• Indwara za Somatoform (10%)

Niba bafite indi ndwara nk'iyi, bagomba kuyivurirwa.

Ubuvuzi bw'imitekerereze ku bantu bafite BPD

Ubuvuzi bw'imitekerereze ni bwo buryo bw'ingenzi bwo kuvura BPD. Intego y'ubu buvuzi ni ukugufasha kumenya impamvu n'ubwoba biri inyuma y'ibitekerezo n'imyitwarire yawe, no kugufasha kwiga kubana neza n'abandi mu buryo bwiza.

Hari uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura BPD:

• Ubuvuzi bw'imyitwarire yo mu mutwe (DBT): Ubu bwoko bw'ubuvuzi bwagenewe by'umwihariko abantu barwaye BPD. DBT yibanda ku kugufasha kwemera ukuri kw'ubuzima bwawe n'imyitwarire yawe, no kwiga guhindura ubuzima bwawe, harimo n'imyitwarire idafashije. Ikwigisha ubuhanga bwo kugufasha gucunga amarangamutima akomeye, kugabanya imyitwarire yo kwiyangiza, no kunoza imibanire.
• Ubuvuzi bw'imyitwarire mu bwenge (CBT): Ubu ni uburyo bwo kuvura bufite gahunda kandi bugamije kugufasha. Umuvuzi wawe cyangwa inzobere mu by'imitekerereze azagufasha kureba ibitekerezo byawe n'ibyiyumvo byawe. Uzamenya uburyo ibitekerezo byawe bigira ingaruka ku bikorwa byawe. Binyuze muri CBT, ushobora kwiga kureka ibitekerezo n'imyitwarire mibi no guteza imbere imiterere n'ingeso nziza zo gutekereza.
• Ubuvuzi bw'amatsinda: Ubu ni ubwoko bw'ubuvuzi bwo mu mutwe. Muri ubu buryo, itsinda ry'abantu rihurira hamwe, bagasobanura kandi bakaganira ku bibazo byabo bayobowe n'umuvuzi cyangwa inzobere mu by'imitekerereze. Ubuvuzi bw'amatsinda bushobora gufasha abantu bafite BPD kugirana imishyikirano myiza n'abandi no kugaragaza ibitekerezo byabo neza.

Imiti ya BPD

Kubera ko ibyiza by'imiti ku ndwara y'imitsi iterwa n'indwara y'imitsi idasobanutse neza, abaganga ntibakunze gutanga imiti nk'uburyo bw'ingenzi bwo kuvura BPD.

Ariko, mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, umuganga w’indwara zo mu mutwe ashobora kuguha imiti yo kuvura ibimenyetso byihariye cyangwa izindi ndwara zo mu mutwe zibaho. Imiti ishobora gufasha kuvura imihangayiko n’ihungabana, gucunga ihindagurika ry’amarangamutima, cyangwa kugenzura imyitwarire itunguranye. Imiti igabanya ubukana bw’indwara zo mu mutwe/imitsi yo mu bwonko ifasha bamwe mu bantu bafite BPD.

Ni iki giteganyijwe kuri iyi ndwara? (Ibisobanuro)

Kenshi na kenshi, ibimenyetso bya BPD bigenda birushaho kwiyongera uko abantu bakura. Ibimenyetso bya bamwe birashira bageze mu myaka 40. Iyo abantu benshi bavuwe neza, bamenya uburyo bwo gucunga ibimenyetso byabo no kunoza ubuzima bwabo.

Iyo batavuwe – cyangwa iyo ubuvuzi bunaniranye – abantu bafite ikibazo cyo mu mutwe bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara:

• Indwara yo gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge n'indwara yo gukoresha inzoga.
• Kwiheba.
• Kwiyangiza.
• Kwiyahura.

Ingaruka zo kwiyahura ku bantu barwaye BPD zikubye inshuro 40 ugereranyije n'abaturage muri rusange. Hagati ya 8% na 10% by'abantu barwaye BPD bapfa bazize kwiyahura.

Abantu benshi bafite BPD batavuwe bafite imibanire yabo idahwitse kandi idahwitse, kandi bagorwa no kuguma ku kazi. Bafite ibyago byinshi byo gutandukana, gutandukana n'umuryango, no gusenyuka kw'inshuti. Ibibazo by'amategeko n'iby'amafaranga nabyo ni ibisanzwe.

Ese iki kibazo gishobora kwirindwa?

Ikibabaje ni uko nta buryo bwo kwirinda indwara y’imibanire y’abantu ishoboka.

BPD ikunze kugaragara mu miryango, bivuze ko niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe ufite BPD, uba uri mu kaga gakomeye ko kuyirwara. Baza muganga wawe uburyo bwo kumenya ibimenyetso by'iyi ndwara kugira ngo ubashe kuvurwa vuba bishoboka.

Ni gute wafasha umuntu ufite BPD?

Niba uzi umuntu ubana n'indwara yo mu mutwe, dore uburyo bumwe na bumwe ushobora kumufasha:

• Fata umwanya wo kwiga ibyerekeye BPD kugira ngo usobanukirwe ibyo uwo ukunda arimo ahura na byo.
• Shishikariza uwo ukunda gushaka ubuvuzi bwa BPD. Niba uri uwo mu muryango wawe, baza ibijyanye n'ubuvuzi bw'umuryango.
• Tanga ubufasha mu by'amarangamutima, ubwumve, kandi wihangane. Impinduka zishobora kugorana kandi zigatera ubwoba abantu bafite BPD. Ariko, iyo bavuwe, ibimenyetso byabo bishobora koroha uko igihe kigenda gihita.
• Niba wumva ufite stress cyangwa ufite ibimenyetso by'indwara yo mu mutwe nko guhangayika cyangwa kwiheba, tekereza gushaka ubuvuzi. Hitamo undi muntu utari uwo ukunda.

Imyitwarire yo kwiyahura no kwiyahura iri hejuru cyane mu bantu bafite BPD kurusha mu baturage muri rusange.

Abantu bafite BPD batekereza kwiyahura cyangwa kugerageza kwiyahura bakeneye ubufasha bwihuse.

Niba wowe cyangwa umuntu uzi ahuye n'ibibazo byihutirwa cyangwa arimo gutekereza kwiyahura, hamagara 1926 (umurongo wa telefoni wo kwirinda kwiyahura muri Sri Lanka).

Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyo kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Ni ngombwa kwibuka ko indwara yo mu mutwe (BPD) ari indwara y’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe ibaho ubuzima bwose. Ariko, uburyo bwo kuvura burambye, nko gukoresha imiti no kuvugana n’abandi, bushobora kugufasha guhangana n’ibimenyetso byawe. Ni ngombwa guhura n’itsinda ry’abaganga buri gihe kugira ngo usuzume gahunda yawe yo kuvura n’ibimenyetso. Menya ko abaganga n’abakunzi bawe bahari kugira ngo bagufashe.

Abagize umuryango n'abakunzi b'abantu bafite ikibazo cy'imibanire y'abantu bakunze kugira stress, depression, agahinda, n'irungu. Ni ngombwa kwita ku buzima bwawe bwo mu mutwe no gushaka ubufasha niba ufite ibi bimenyetso.

` BPD, Indwara y'imibanire y'abantu ishingiye ku mipaka, Ubuzima bwo mu mutwe, Indwara z'imibanire, Uburyo bwo kugenzura amarangamutima, Ibibazo by'imibanire, Ibibazo by'imyitwarire