Ese umwana wawe yavutse igihe kitageze? Ese afite ibibazo by'ibihaha? Reka tuvuge kuri Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia!

Ese umwana wawe afite ikibazo cyo guhumeka kubera ko yavutse imburagihe ? Cyangwa se muganga yakubwiye ko umwana wawe afite indwara yitwa Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia? Ni ibisanzwe kugira ubwoba no guhangayika mu bihe nk'ibi. Ariko ntugahangayike. Reka tubiganireho mu buryo bworoshye kandi mu buryo ushobora kumva. Kuko ni ingenzi cyane ko wowe n'umwana wawe mumenya neza iby'iyi ndwara.

None se indwara ya Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia (BPD) ni iki?

Mu magambo make, `(Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia)` ni indwara y'ibihaha ishobora kugaragara ku bana bavutse mbere y'igihe . Noneho reba, iyo umwana avutse mbere y'igihe, ibihaha by'uwo mwana biba bitarakura neza. Ni nk'inkuta z'inzu nshya ziracyarimo kubakwa. Kubera iyo mpamvu, abo bana bato bagira ingorane zo guhumeka bonyine. Hanyuma bagomba guhabwa ogisijeni (`Oxygen Therapy`) cyangwa bagashyirwa ku mashini ihumeka (`Ventilator`) kugira ngo ibafashe guhumeka .

Nubwo ubu buryo bwo kuvura ari ingenzi kugira ngo bukize ubuzima bw'umwana, rimwe na rimwe bushobora gutuma udusaho duto tw'umwuka (alveoli) mu bihaha by'umwana twaguka bitari ngombwa. Tekereza uko bigenda iyo agapira gato kuzuyemo umwuka. Muri ubwo buryo, uko igihe kigenda gihita, ibi bishobora kwangiza ibihaha by'umwana ndetse n'imiyoboro yoroshye yo mu nzira z'ubuhumekero (bronchi). Uku kwangirika kw'utu dusaho twitwa "Dysplasia".

Wibuke ko ibyago byo kurwara iyi ndwara byiyongera bitewe n'uko umwana wawe avutse igihe kitageze . Hari abana bashobora kwibasirwa cyane n'iyi ndwara, ariko abenshi bakira buhoro buhoro . Ariko, bamwe bashobora kugira ibibazo byo guhumeka ubuzima bwabo bwose n'izindi ngorane.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'iyi ndwara? Twayimenya dute?

Ibimenyetso bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'umwana ufite indwara ya Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. Ariko hari ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe ukwiye kumenya:

• Cyanosis: Ku mwana ufite uruhu rwera, uruhu n'iminwa bishobora kugira ibara ry'ubururu. Ku mwana ufite uruhu rwijimye, ushobora kubona ibara ry'umuhondo-imvi, imvi, cyangwa umweru ku minwa, ku rurimi, cyangwa ku nzara. Ibi biterwa no kugabanuka k'umwuka wa ogisijeni mu maraso.
• Ingorane zo guhumeka: Umwana ashobora kugaragara nk'aho afite ikibazo cyo guhumeka. Ushobora kubona ibintu nk'igituza kirimo gukururwa n'inda izamuka kandi ikamanuka vuba.
• Ogisijeni nke mu maraso: Iki ni ikintu abaganga babasha kubona gusa binyuze mu bipimo.
• Apnea: Guhagarara gutunguranye mu buryo bw'umwuka w'umwana, aho umwana ahagarika guhumeka amasegonda make.
• Tachypnea: Guhumeka vuba kurusha umwana usanzwe.
• Guhumeka: Urusaku rw'ifirimbi rurumva mu gituza iyo umuntu ahumeka.

Niba umwana wawe afite kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bimenyetso, ni byiza kubimenyesha muganga ako kanya.

Ni nde ufite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara BPD?

Nkuko byavuzwe mbere, abana bavutse igihe kitageze ni bo bafite ibyago byinshi. By'umwihariko:

• Abana bavutse ibyumweru birenga 10 mbere y'igihe .
• Abana bapima garama ziri munsi ya 900 (ibiro 2) igihe bavutse.
• Abana bafite ibihaha bitarakura neza cyangwa bafite ibibazo byo guhumeka kuva bakivuka.

Abana bavutse ku byumweru 32 batwite muri rusange baba bafite ibyago bike cyane byo kurwara BPD.

Ni izihe ngorane zindi zishobora guterwa n'iyi `(BPD)`?

Abana benshi bakira indwara ya BPD bafite imyaka 5. Ariko, abana bafite iyi ndwara baba bafite ibyago byo kurwara izindi ndwara, harimo:

• Ibibazo byo mu gifu no kubura ubushake bwo kurya.
• Indwara yo kuruhuka mu gifu (GERD).
• Ubumuga bwo kwiga n'izindi ndwara zifitanye isano nabyo.
• Indwara z'imitsi.
• Ibibazo byo kumva no kubona.
• Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso mu bihaha.

Nanone, bamwe mu bana n'abantu bakuru barwaye BPD bakiri abana bashobora kugira izindi ngorane z'ibihaha. Urugero:

• Asima
• Indwara ya bronchitis
• Indwara yo Kudasinzira Itera Apnea
• Umusonga
• Indwara y'ubuhumekero iterwa n'ingufu
• Indwara zikomeye za `(RSV - Respiratory Syncytial Virus)`.

Ntugatinye iyo wumvise ibi bintu. Si ko byose bibaho ku mwana wese. Ariko ni ngombwa kubyitondera.

Ni gute abaganga basuzuma neza iyi ndwara (BPD)?

Niba umwana wawe yaravutse igihe kitageze kandi akeneye ubufasha mu guhumeka mu minsi 28 ya mbere y'ubuzima bwe, abaganga bakunze gukeka ko afite indwara yitwa "BPD." Nta kizamini cyihariye gitangwa kugira ngo hamenyekane iyi ndwara. Ariko, hari ibizamini byinshi bishobora gufasha mu gusuzuma no gufasha mu gucunga iyi ndwara:

• Gupima amaraso: Reba ingano ya ogisijeni iri mu maraso y'umwana.
• Ibipimo by'ishusho nk'ishusho ya X-ray yo mu gituza: Reba uko ibihaha by'umwana bimeze.

Abaganga bafashe umwanzuro bashingiye ku makuru bakuye muri ibyo bipimo, ndetse n'ibimenyetso by'umwana ndetse n'amateka ye y'ubuzima.

Ese BPD ishobora gukira burundu?

Mu by'ukuri, nta muti wihariye wavura indwara ya Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia uraboneka kugeza ubu . Ariko, ibyo ntibivuze ko udashobora kwiringira. Ubuvuzi bushobora gufasha kugabanya kwangirika kw'ibihaha no gufasha ibihaha by'umwana wawe gukura no gukira .

None se ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura ibi?

Intego nyamukuru y'ubuvuzi bwa BPD niIntego ni ukuvana umwana muri ogisijeni vuba bishoboka no kumufasha guhumeka wenyine. Ubuvuzi bugamije kunoza imikorere y'ibihaha by'umwana. Uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura bukoreshwa muri ibi:

• Indyo: Kongera karori mu biryo by'umwana bifasha mu mikurire y'ibihaha, kuko imirire myiza ari ingenzi mu mikurire y'uturemangingo tw'ibihaha.
• Imiti igabanya amazi menshi yiyongera mu bihaha no hafi yabyo, bigatuma byoroha guhumeka.
• Imiti igabanya ububabare bw'imitsi: Iyi mitsi ikora mu kuruhura imitsi ikikije inzira z'ubuhumekero, ikagura inzira z'ubuhumekero, nk'uko bifungura inzira y'ubuhumekero yazibye.
• Corticosteroids: Iyi miti ifasha kugabanya kubyimba (kubyimba) mu bihaha no hafi yabyo.
• Nirsevimab cyangwa Palivizumab: Izi ni inkingo zirinda indwara ziterwa n’imiti ziterwa n’umubiri kugira ngo zirinde umwana wawe kwandura virusi nka RSV.
• Imashini yo mu mazuru `nCPAP` (Umuvuduko w’umwuka ukomeza guhumeka mu mazuru)`: Iyi ni imashini nto. Ishyira umwuka mu bihaha binyuze mu duti tubiri twihariye (imiyoboro mito) dushyirwa mu mazuru y'umwana. Ibi bifasha ibihaha kuguma bifunguye.
• Tracheostomy: Ku bana bafite BPD ikomeye, abaganga bashobora kubaga kugira ngo bashyire umuyoboro mu muyoboro w'amazi (trachea) binyuze mu ijosi kugira ngo babafashe guhumeka. Ibi akenshi biba iby'igihe gito.

Muganga ni we uzagena uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura umwana wawe.

Bizatwara igihe kingana iki kugira ngo umwana ahumeke wenyine nyuma yo kuvurwa?

Iyo ubuvuzi butangiye, ubuzima bw'umwana wawe buzagenda burushaho kuba bwiza mu mezi make ari imbere . Muri iki gihe, ibihaha by'umwana wawe bizakomeza gukira no gukura. Intego nyamukuru ni uko umwana wawe ashobora guhumeka wenyine nta bufasha. Ibi bishobora gufata igihe, bityo ihangane.

Ese nkwiye kujya kwa muganga ako kanya niba umwana wanjye afite ibi bimenyetso?

Ndetse na nyuma y'uko umwana wawe ageze mu rugo nyuma yo kuvurwa, hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe ugomba kumenya. Nubona kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, hita ubonana na muganga wawe:

• Inkorora idashira.
• Niba hari urusaku rwo kwishima ruhoraho.
• Niba bigoye kurya, niba wanze ibiryo.
• Niba amazuru yawe arushaho kuba manini iyo uhumeka (amazuru ashyushye).
• Niba uhumeka cyane kandi vuba.
• Niba ugaragaza ibimenyetso by'indwara ya virusi nko kugira umuriro, kwitsamura no gukorora.
• Niba guhumeka byiyongereye.

Ingorane! Iyo umwana ahagaritse guhumeka, akagira ikibazo cyo guhumeka, cyangwa uruhu cyangwa iminwa ihinduka ubururu/imvi, mujyane kwa muganga ako kanya cyangwa uhamagare 911.

Nigute wagabanya ibyago byo kubyara umwana ufite BPD? (Mu gihe cyo gutwita)

Niba utwite ubu, ni ingenzi cyane ko ukomeza kugira ubuzima bwiza kandi ugafata ingamba zo kwirinda kubyara igihe kitageze . Ibi biterwa nuko ibyago byo kurwara BPD bigabanuka cyane iyo ibihaha by'umwana bifite umwanya uhagije wo gukura neza. Ushobora gukora ibi bikurikira kugira ngo ugabanye ibi byago:

• Irinde burundu kunywa itabi, ibiyobyabwenge n'inzoga.
• Kurya indyo nziza kandi ifite intungamubiri.
• Jya kwa muganga uko byateganyijwe mu gihe cyose utwite.
• Gabanya stress uko bishoboka kose.

Gukurikiza ibi bintu bizongera amahirwe yo kubyara umwana muzima.

Niba umwana wanjye afite BPD, ni iki nkwiye kwitega? Nzamurera nte nagera mu rugo?

Nubwo umwana wawe yagaruka mu rugo avuye mu bitaro, ibihaha bye biracyakura. Bityo rero biba bikiri byoroshye cyane kandi bishobora kumukomeretsa . Icy'ingenzi ni ugukomeza umwana wawe mu buzima busanzwe. Kugira ngo ubigereho, kora ibi bikurikira:

• Kura umwana wawe kure y'abantu bafite indwara zo mu myanya y'ubuhumekero, cyane cyane RSV.
• Shaka urukingo rwa grippe (grippe) kuri buri wese mu muryango.
• Rinda umwana wawe burundu umwotsi w'itabi n'indi myotsi mibi (cyane cyane umwotsi w'itabi).

Abana barwaye BPD bashobora kugira ikibazo cyo kurya, kugabanya ibiro, no kudakura neza. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane kujya kwa muganga ku gihe cyo gusohoka no kugenzura imikurire y'umwana . Hanyuma, niba hari ikibazo, gishobora gukemurwa vuba.

Kubera ko bavuka imburagihe, abana bafite BPD bashobora kugira ibihe bimwe na bimwe byo gutinda mu mikurire yabo . Ibi bivuze ko bashobora gufata igihe kirekire gukora ibintu abandi bana bakora (urugero: kumwenyura, gufata amajosi, gukurura). Ariko ntugahangayike, abana benshi batsinda ibi bihe byo gutinda bakoresheje uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura (urugero: kuvura umubiri, kuvura imvugo, kuvura mu kazi) no guhura n'abandi.

Nubwo hari indwara zikomeye za BPD zishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga, abana benshi bararokoka . Uko bakura bakarushaho kwiyongera ibiro, ubuzima bwabo buragenda burushaho kuba bwiza.

Kubona umwana wawe arwana no guhumeka ni ikintu kibabaza cyane. Urashaka kumufata. Ariko ahubwo, umwana aba afatanye n'ibikoresho byo kumurinda no kumuhumisha. Uhangayikishijwe cyane n'ubuzima bwe. Ushobora kuba utekereza uti "Yego, niba ibi byambayeho." Ariko, ndakwinginze, abaganga n'abaforomo bavura umwana wawe bakora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo bamugeze ku rwego rwo guhumeka wenyine.Nubwo byafata igihe, umwana wawe azatangira guhumeka wenyine, kandi uzabasha kumujyana mu rugo.

Amaherezo, ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Noneho rero, dore ibintu ugomba kwibuka mu byo twavuze:

• BPD (Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia) ni indwara y'ibihaha yibasira cyane cyane abana bavutse badashyitse .
• Ibi biterwa n'uko ibihaha bitarakura ndetse n'ingaruka zishobora guterwa n'ubuvuzi burokora ubuzima (ogisijeni, imashini zifasha guhumeka) ku bihaha.
• Ibimenyetso bishobora kuba birimo kugorwa no guhumeka, uruhu rw'ubururu, no guhumeka vuba.
• Nubwo nta muti uhari, ubuvuzi bushobora gufasha ibihaha gukura no gukira.
• Ndetse na nyuma yo kuzana umwana mu rugo, ni ingenzi cyane kumurinda indwara zo mu myanya y'ubuhumekero, kumurinda umwotsi, no kumujyana kwisuzumisha kwa muganga buri gihe .
• Abana benshi barakira iyi ndwara kandi bakabaho ubuzima bwiza. Igikuru rero ni ugutekereza neza no gukurikiza inama abaganga batanga .

Niba ufite ibindi bibazo, impungenge, cyangwa gushidikanya, ganira na muganga wawe nta guhishanya. Bazagufasha.

` Dysplasia y'imitsi yo mu bwonko, BPD, umwana utaragera igihe cyo kubyara, indwara y'ibihaha, ogisijeni, guhumeka, ibibazo byo guhumeka, abana bavutse igihe kitageze, indwara z'ibihaha, ibibazo byo guhumeka