Icyo ababyeyi bagomba kumenya ku myitwarire y'abana babo

Muri uwo mugoroba ukonje, ubwo nari ndimo kunywa icyayi gishyushye mu cyumba cyanjye, urugi rw'ivuriro ryacu rwahise rukoma. Ubwo nakinguraga urugi, Shalini, umwe mu nshuti zanjye magara, yari afite impungenge cyane. Yari afashe umwana we muto, Dinuka.

Dinuka yasaga n'aho arimo guhumeka, igituza cye cyazamukaga kikamanuka bigoranye cyane. Nk'umuganga, nari narabonye abarwayi benshi nk'abo muri kwa muganga, ariko kubona umwana w'umwe mu bana b'inshuti yanjye ari mu bihe bigoye cyane byatumye numva mfite ubwoba bwinshi. Nahise ndabakira.

Shalini yavuze mu ijwi rira ati: "Muganga Priya, Dinuka akunda gukorora mu gihe cy'ibicurane. Ariko iri joro ibintu byararushijeho kuba bibi. Aragorwa no guhumeka. Mfite ubwoba, muganga."

Ubwo Dinuka yasuzumwaga, yasanze afite asima yo mu bwana, indwara ikunze kugaragara mu bana. None rero uyu munsi, reka tuvuge ku kibazo cya asima yo mu bwana, ibimenyetso byayo, n'icyo ababyeyi bagomba gukora vuba mu gihe umwana wabo agize ikibazo cya asima.

Asima ni iki?

Asima ni indwara y'ubuhumekero iterwa n'ubwandu, kubyimba, no kumva uburyo bwo guhumeka mu bihaha byacu.

Iyo iyi nzira y'ubuhumekero ibyimbye kandi ikagabanuka kandi yuzuyemo ururenda, umwuka winjira ukava mu bihaha urafungwa. Ibyo nibyo byabaye kuri Dinuka. "Shalini, ni nko guhumeka unyuze mu muyoboro woroshye. Iyo umuntu akandagiye umuyoboro uri hagati, ntuzashobora guhumeka, sibyo? Umubiri wa Dinuka nawo uri mu bintu nk'ibyo," nasobanuriye Shalini mu buryo bworoshye.

Ese ni ibisanzwe ko abana barwara asima?

Yego. Asima ni indwara idakira ikunze kugaragara cyane mu bana. Ugereranyije, umwana umwe kuri bane cyangwa batanu azagaragaza ibimenyetso bya asima mu bwana.

Ikunze kugaragara cyane cyane ku bana bari hagati y'imyaka 2 na 8. Hari abana bakura badafite asima uko bagenda bakura, abandi bagakomeza kuyirwara kugeza bageze mu zabukuru. Ariko, iyo umwana avuwe neza kandi agafatwa neza, ashobora gukina no kubaho ubuzima busanzwe.

Ibimenyetso bya Asima mu Buna

Dore ibimenyetso by'ingenzi bishobora kugufasha kumenya niba umwana afite asima:

• Inkorora idashira: Inkorora yumye ibaho cyane cyane nijoro, mu gitondo cya kare, cyangwa iyo umwana ananiwe kubera gukina.
• Guhumeka: Ijwi rito cyane rya "whoosh" cyangwa "whoosh" riva mu gituza, nk'iry'umwirongi, iyo umwana ahumeka umwuka.
• Guhumeka nabi: Guhumeka vuba no kugorwa no guhumeka.
• Gufunga igituza: Umwana ashobora gusobanura ko igituza kibabara cyangwa gifunze (abana bato nabo bashobora gusobanura ko ari ukubabara igifu).
• Umunaniro: Kudashaka gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri cyangwa gukina no kunanirwa vuba.

Ibintu bitera indwara ya asima

Hari ibintu byinshi bishobora gutera ububabare mu nzira z'ubuhumekero z'umwana urwaye asima:

• Ibicurane n'ibicurane: Indwara za virusi zitera kubyimba kw'inzira z'ubuhumekero.
• Allergens: Udukoko two mu ivumbi ryo mu nzu, uruhu rw'injangwe/imbwa, impongo, n'ibihumyo.
• Impinduka z'ikirere: Ubukonje, igihu, cyangwa kugabanuka gutunguranye k'ubushyuhe bw'ikirere.
• Ihumana ry'ikirere: umwotsi w'itabi, ifu itukura/umukungugu, umwotsi w'imibu, n'impumuro zikomeye.

🚨 Ibimenyetso bitukura bisaba kujya mu bitaro byihutirwa

Niba umwana afite indwara ya asima kandi ibimenyetso bikurikira bikagaragara, agomba guhamagara 1990 ako kanya akamujyana kwa muganga vuba:

• Guhumeka bigoranye: Iyo umwana ahumeka, uruhu ruri hagati y'imbavu no mu nsi y'ijosi rukurura imbere (Chest Retractions).
• Kugorwa no kuvuga: Umwana ashobora kudashobora kuvuga amagambo menshi icyarimwe bitewe no kubura umwuka.
• Uruhu rw'ubururu: Agace gakikije iminwa y'umwana, ururimi, cyangwa inzara gahinduka ubururu cyangwa imvi (ikimenyetso cy'uko umwuka wa ogisijeni uri hasi).
• Gusinzira: Umwana acika intege kandi agacika intege, kandi akagorwa no kuba maso.
• Nta buruhukiro nubwo wakoresheje inhaler y'ubururu (Reliever).

Ubufasha bw'ibanze mu gihe umuntu arwaye asima (Gahunda y'ibikorwa bya asima)

Niba umwana afite ikibazo cyo guhumeka, nk'uko Shalini wo muri Dinuka yabigenje ku mwana we, kurikiza izi ngamba z'ubutabazi bw'ibanze ako kanya:

1. Fata umwana uhagaze: Ntureke umwana asinzire. Fata umwana uhagaze bituma byoroha guhumeka.
2. Humura: Iyo ugize ubwoba, umwana azarushaho kugira ubwoba kandi inzira z'ubuhumekero zizagabanuka cyane. Humura umwana utuje.
3. Ha inhaler y'ubururu (Reliever - Ventolin) hamwe n'igikoresho cyo kugabanya intera:

• Kunguranya neza inhaler hanyuma uyishyire kuri spacer.
• Shyira agapfukamunwa neza ku maso k'umwana hanyuma uhumeke rimwe .
• Reka umwana ahumeke inshuro 4 zisanzwe binyuze muri spacer.
• Muri ubu buryo, tanga uduce 4 (kimwe kimwe ukwacyo) mu minota 4 .

4. Tegereza iminota 4: Niba guhumeka k'umwana kudasubiye ku buryo busanzwe, ongera uhumeke inshuro 4 ukurikije intambwe zavuzwe haruguru.
5. Kujyana kwa muganga: Niba indwara idakira, hamagara 1990 ako kanya hanyuma ujyane kwa muganga. Mu gihe ugiye kwa muganga, shyiramo iki gikoresho cyo guhumeka inshuro 4 buri minota ine.

Ubuvuzi n'igenzura ry'igihe kirekire

Abaganga batanga inama ahanini ku bwoko bubiri bw'imiti ikoreshwa mu guhumeka kugira ngo irwanye asima:

• Udukoresho two kuvura indwara (ubusanzwe ni ubururu): Dukoreshwa gusa iyo guhumeka bigoye mu gihe cy'igitero cya asima (urugero: Ventolin/Salbutamol).
• Uburyo bwo kwirinda (ubusanzwe ni umukara, umutuku cyangwa umuhondo): Ibi bigomba gukoreshwa buri munsi ku gipimo cyagenwe na muganga kugira ngo birwanye asima. Bigabanya buhoro buhoro kubyimba no kuzana ibicurane mu nzira z'ubuhumekero.

Dukore urugo rwiza ku barwayi ba asima (Home Care)

• Kubuza kunywa itabi burundu: Ntukagire uwo ureka ngo anywe itabi mu nzu cyangwa ahantu umwana aba ari hanze.
• Genzura ivumbi: Gabanya ikoreshwa ry'amarido manini n'amatapi mu rugo. Oza kandi wumishe ibitanda by'umwana wawe rimwe mu cyumweru mu mazi ashyushye kuri dogere selisiyusi 60.
• Inyamaswa: Kubuza imbwa n'injangwe kwinjira mu cyumba cy'umwana.

Ibyo gukora n'ibyo udakwiye gukora

Inkomoko za siyansi (Inyandiko z'ubushakashatsi)

• 📚 Asima - NHS
• 📚 Gusuzuma no gucunga asima mu bana - PMC