Ese wigeze wumva ububabare mu gituza, guhumeka bigoranye, cyangwa umutima utera nabi? Muri icyo gihe, iyo ugiye kwa muganga, ushobora kuba waramwumvise avuga ati: "Reka dukore isuzuma ry'umutima." Mu by'ukuri isuzuma ry'umutima, cyangwa gufata amafoto ni iki? Ibi bizamini bishaka iki? Ese ni ikintu cyo gutinya? Sawa, uyu munsi turaganira kuri byose mu buryo bworoshye cyane, mu buryo ushobora gusobanukirwa.
Gufata amashusho y'umutima ni iki?
Mu magambo make, gufotora umutima ni ijambo rusange risobanura uburyo butandukanye bukoreshwa mu gufata amafoto y'umutima wawe n'imitsi n'uturemangingo tuwukikije. Kimwe no gufata ifoto ukoresheje telefoni yawe, ubu buryo butuma abaganga babona neza ibirimo kuba mu mutima wawe, byaba bikora neza, cyangwa niba hari ikibazo ahantu runaka.
Iki si ikizamini kimwe gusa. Gikubiyemo ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibizamini muganga wawe azagufatiraho umwanzuro bitewe n'uko urwaye. Hari igihe ibizamini bibiri cyangwa bitatu bishobora gukorwa kugira ngo hamenyekane neza ubuzima bw'umutima wawe.
Kuki muganga yategeka ko hakorwa ikizamini nk'iki?
Hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora gutuma muganga asaba ubwoko bw'ikizamini. Tekereza, moteri y'imodoka yawe irimo gukora urusaku rudasanzwe, ariko ntushobora kumenya impamvu. Hanyuma ikintu cyiza cyo gukora ni ugufungura agasanduku k'imodoka ukareba moteri. Ibi ni bimwe.
Dore zimwe mu mpamvu z'ingenzi:
- Gupima indwara z'umutima: Ibi bizamini rimwe na rimwe bishobora gufasha kumenya ibibazo by'umutima mbere yuko ibimenyetso bigaragara.
- Gusuzuma indwara neza (Isuzuma): Niba ufite ibimenyetso nko kubabara mu gatuza no kugorwa no guhumeka, ibi ni ingenzi kugira ngo umenye niba impamvu ari ikibazo cy'umutima, kandi niba ari uko bimeze, niba ari ikibazo icyo ari cyo.
- Suzuma ingano y'ibyangiritse: Iyo indwara y'umutima ibaye mu buryo butunguranye, ibi bizamini bifasha gupima neza ingano y'ibyangiritse ku mutima.
- Pima uburyo ubuvuzi bugenda neza: Ibi bizamini bikorwa kugira ngo harebwe niba umutima w'umuntu uvurwa indwara z'umutima urimo kumera neza kandi niba umuti ukora neza.
Ni ubuhe buryo bw'ingenzi bwo gufata amafoto y'umutima?
Noneho reka turebe ubwoko bw'ibi bipimo by'ingenzi. Buri kimwe muri ibi kiratandukanye. Icyo kimwe gipima si icyo ikindi gipima. Bityo muganga wawe azaguhitiramo ikizamini kikubereye.
| Izina ry'Ikizamini | Mu magambo make, ibi nibyo ukora... |
|---|---|
| Echocardiogram (Ishusho) | Ultrasound ikoreshwa mu gukora videwo y'umutima. Ireba ibyumba by'umutima, imiyoboro y'amaraso, n'ubushobozi bwo gupompa. |
| Indwara y'umutima (CT) | Imirasire yihariye ya X ifatwa hamwe kugira ngo hakorwe amashusho y’umutima mu buryo burambuye mu mpande eshatu (3D). Ni uburyo bwiza bwo kubona imiyoboro y’amaraso ifunganye. |
| Ikizamini cy'Umuvuduko w'Umutima (PET/SPECT) | Uduce duto tw’ibintu bitera imirasire (tracer) dushyirwa mu mubiri hanyuma amaraso anyura mu mutima agakurikiranwa. Ibi bikorwa ukwabyo mu gihe cy’imyitozo ngororamubiri no mu gihe cyo kuruhuka. |
| Angiogramu y'umutima | Umuyoboro muto cyane (catheter) unyuzwa mu mutsi uri mu kuboko cyangwa ku kuguru ukajya mu mutima, ugaterwa irangi ryihariye, hanyuma ugafatwa videwo ya X-ray. Ubu ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo kureba niba imitsi y'umutima yazibye. |
| MRI y'umutima | Ikoresha imbaraga za rukuruzi n'imirasire ya radiyo kugira ngo ibone amashusho asobanutse neza kandi arambuye y'umutima. Ntikoresha imirasire ya X. |
| MUGA Scan | Ipima neza imikorere y'ibyumba byo hasi (ventricles) by'umutima. Ntabwo ikoreshwa kenshi. |
Echocardiogram (Echo) ni iki?
Iki ni cyo kizamini gikunze gukoreshwa cyane. Kimwe no gupima umwana w'umubyeyi utwite, ibi binakoresha amajwi (ultrasound).. Bityo nta ngaruka z'imirasire ku mubiri wawe. Ibi ni byiza cyane. Muganga ashobora kubikoresha kugira ngo arebe, nk'uko bigaragara kuri videwo, niba ibyumba by'umutima wawe n'udupira tw'amaraso bikora neza, uko inkuta z'umutima wawe zimeze, n'uko umutima wawe utera amaraso neza.
Igipimo cya CT cy'umutima (cardiac CT scan) ni iki?
Ibi biragoye gato kuruta X-ray isanzwe. Tekereza nko gukata umugati mo uduce duto. Isuzuma rya CT rifata X-ray mu mpande zitandukanye mu mutima wawe hanyuma rikawuhuza kuri mudasobwa kugira ngo rikore ishusho y'umutima wawe mu buryo butatu (3D). Ibi bishobora kwerekana neza niba imitsi y'umutima, itanga amaraso mu mutima, ifite kalisiyumu cyangwa ifunze ahantu hose.
Reka tuvuge ku ikizamini cy'umutima gikoreshwa mu gupima stress y'umutima
Hari abantu bagira ubwoba gato iyo bumvise iri zina. Iyo bumvise ijambo "nuclear", batekereza ko ari ikintu gikomeye. Ariko nta cyo ugomba gutinya. Icyo ukora ni ukwinjiza mu mitsi yawe ikintu gito cyane kandi cyizewe cy’imirasire (tracer) . Iyo iki kintu kigendana n’amaraso mu mutima, kamera yihariye irakibona maze igashushanya inzira y’amaraso mu mitsi y’umutima.
Iki kizamini gikorwa mu bice bibiri:
1. Iyo uri mu kiruhuko.
2. Iyo umutima wawe utera cyane nyuma yo kugenda ku igare ry’imitsi cyangwa gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri (stress).
Mu kugereranya ibi byombi, muganga ashobora kumenya niba igice cy'umutima kitabona amaraso ahagije iyo gifite stress. Cardiac PET (Positron Emission Tomography) na Cardiac SPECT (Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography) ni ibizamini bibiri by'ingenzi by'ubu bwoko.
Ingano y'ibikoresho bya radiation bikoreshwa muri ibi bizamini ni nto cyane. Biva mu mubiri mu masaha make. Rero ntukabitinye bitari ngombwa.
Igipimo cya coronary angiogram ni iki?
Iki ni cyo gipimo cya "gold standard" cyo gusuzuma ko hari imitsi y'umutima ifunganye. Umuyoboro muto kandi woroshye witwa catheter , ushyirwa mu kuboko kwawe cyangwa mu kuboko kwawe mu mitsi y'amaraso iri mu mutima wawe. Hanyuma haterwa irangi ridasanzwe binyuze muri uwo muyoboro hanyuma hagafatwa X-ray. Irangi rituma imitsi y'amaraso igaragara neza kuri X-ray. Rishobora kwerekana neza aho umutsi wacitse cyangwa wazibye burundu. Hari igihe, iyo habonetse kuziba, abaganga bashobora gushyiramo agakoresho gato kameze nk'umuyoboro (stent) kugira ngo bawufungure ako kanya.
MRI y'umutima ni iki?
Ushobora kuba warumvise ibya MRI. Ntabwo ikoresha X-rays. Ahubwo, ikoresha imbaraga zikomeye za rukuruzi n'imirasire ya radiyo kugira ngo ikore amashusho asobanutse neza kandi arambuye y'umutima. (Yego, Malayalam yarinjiye. Ugomba kwitonda. Sinhala gusa). Ikoresha imbaraga zikomeye za rukuruzi n'imirasire ya radiyo kugira ngo ikore amashusho asobanutse neza kandi arambuye y'umutima. Ni ingirakamaro cyane mu kubona ibintu nko kwangirika kw'imitsi y'umutima, inkovu, no kubyimba.
Ni gute nakwitegura iki kizamini?
Uburyo ugomba kwitegura bushobora gutandukana bitewe n'ikizamini ugiye gukora. Muganga wawe cyangwa abakozi b'ibitaro bazaguha amabwiriza asobanutse kuri ibi. Ariko hari ibintu bike muri rusange ugomba kuzirikana.
| Inama | Ibisobanuro |
|---|---|
| Ibyokurya n'ibinyobwa | Ibizamini bimwe na bimwe bishobora kugusaba kwiyiriza ubusa amasaha make. Ku bintu nk'ibizamini byo guhangayika, ushobora gusabwa kwirinda ibiryo birimo kafeyine nka ikawa, icyayi na shokora umunsi ubanziriza uwo. |
| Imyenda n'imitako | Mu gihe ugiye gupimwa nka CT na MRI, kuramo imitako yose, nka zahabu, feza, n'amasaha, hanyuma ubishyire mu rugo. Ambara imyenda myiza idafite utubuto tw'icyuma cyangwa zipu. |
| Amakuru y'ubuvuzi | Bwira muganga wawe imiti yose ufata (wandikiwe na muganga, utayiguze na muganga, vitamine, inyongeramusaruro). Menya neza ko wabibwiye muganga wawe niba ufite izindi ndwara (cyane cyane indwara z'impyiko) cyangwa aleriji. |
| Ibikoresho biri mu mubiri | Niba ufite pacemaker, valves z'icyuma, inkoni cyangwa inzara byashyizwemo mu kubagwa, ugomba kubimenyesha muganga wawe mbere yo gupimwa na MRI. |
| Gutwita | Niba utwite cyangwa ushobora kuba utwite, ni ngombwa cyane kubimenyesha muganga wawe mbere yo gukorerwa ibizamini nka X-ray cyangwa CT scan. |
Ese hari ingaruka zishobora guterwa n'ibi bizamini?
Inkuru nziza ni uko ibyinshi muri ibi bizamini ari byiza cyane. Ntabwo birimo gucibwamo ibikomere bikomeye nko kubagwa.
Ni gake cyane kugira ubwivumbure ku irangi rikoreshwa muri angiogram cyangwa CT scan. Ariko, ibi ni gake cyane. Niba wigeze kugira ubwivumbure nk'ubwo mbere, bwira muganga wawe mbere y'igihe.
Imirasire ya X-ray na CT scans bigushyira mu kaga gake k'imirasire, ariko ingano yayo akenshi iba nta kibazo. Muganga ategeka iki kizamini kuko inyungu zayo ziruta kure ingaruka ntoya.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Gupima umutima ni uruvange rw'ibizamini bitandukanye bigufasha gusuzuma neza ubuzima bw'umutima wawe.
- Uburyo bwo gupima umutima (Echocardiogram), CT, MRI, na Angiogram ni bumwe mu buryo bukunze gukoreshwa cyane.
- Ibi bizamini ni ingenzi kugira ngo hamenyekane indwara z'umutima hakiri kare, hamenyekane neza indwara, kandi hagapimwa uburyo ubuvuzi bwagenze neza.
- Niba muganga wawe agusabye gukora iki kizamini, ntukitinye bitari ngombwa. Ni intambwe y'ingenzi ugomba gutera kugira ngo umutima wawe ukomeze kugira ubuzima bwiza.
- Mbere yo gupimwa, baza muganga ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose cyangwa gushidikanya ushobora kuba ufite kuri byo.
💬 Comments (0)
No comments yet. Be the first to share your thoughts here.
Add Your Comment