Ese ufite umutsi ufunganye mu ijosi? Reka twige ibijyanye no gufunga imitsi ya Carotid, bikurinda indwara yo gucika kw'imitsi.

Ese muganga wawe yakubwira ko umutsi munini w'amaraso mu ijosi ryawe uzibye kandi ko uri mu kaga ko kugira stroke? Ni ibisanzwe kumva ufite ubwoba gato iyo wumvise ikintu nk'iki. Ariko ntugahangayike. Muri iki gihe, ubuvuzi bwateye imbere cyane. Hari uburyo bwiza cyane bwo kuvura izo stroke no kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara stroke. Uyu munsi turimo kuvuga ku buryo bumwe bwiza cyane kandi butari bugoye cyane: gushyiramo stent ya carotid.

Mu magambo make, gutema stent ya carotid ni iki?

Reka dutangire tubisobanure mu buryo bworoshye. Dufite imiyoboro ibiri y'amaraso ku mpande zombi z'ijosi ryacu itanga amaraso mu bwonko bwacu, mu maso no mu ijosi. Iyi ni yo twita imitsi ya Carotid . Uko igihe kigenda gihita, ibintu nk'ibinure na cholesterol biva mu biribwa turya bitangira kwirunda ku nkuta z'iyi miyoboro. Ibi tubyita 'plaque' . Ni nk'ingese ziyongera mu muyoboro w'amazi.

Iyi plaque irakomeza kwiyongera ikagabanya inzira iri imbere mu mitsi, rimwe na rimwe ikayifunga burundu. Iyi ndwara yitwa carotid artery stenosis . Iyo ibi bibaye, amaraso ajya mu bwonko aragabanuka, ari na yo mpamvu ikomeye itera indwara yo gucika kw'imitsi.

Rero, gufunga imitsi mu mitsi ni uburyo bwo kuvura bufungura umutsi wafunzwe. Aha ngaha, muganga ashyiramo stent , umuyoboro muto w'icyuma umeze nk'umuyoboro, mu gace kafunzwe hanyuma akawushyiramo imbere. Umutsi wafunzwe wongera kwaguka, ugarura amaraso. Iyi stent ishyirwa burundu mu mutsi. Ni nk'icyuma gikingira urukuta rugiye gusenyuka, bigafasha umutsi guhagarika kongera gufunga.

Ni nde ukeneye ubu buvuzi?

Ubusanzwe muganga azagusaba ubu buryo nyuma yo gusuzuma imitsi yawe ya carotid kugira ngo arebe niba hari aho yazibye. Ibi bishobora kuba birimo ibizamini nka carotid ultrasound , CT scan , cyangwa MRI . Ubu buryo bukunze gukenerwa kuri:

• Ku bantu bafite ibimenyetso bya ministroke cyangwa stroke kandi imitsi yabo ifunganye ku kigero kirenga 50%.
• Ku bantu badafite ibimenyetso ariko imitsi yabo ifunganye ku kigero kirenga 70%.

Muganga wawe ni we uzagena niba ubu buryo bw'ubuvuzi bukwiriye indwara yawe, cyangwa niba ubundi buryo bwo kubaga (Carotid Endarterectomy) bukwiriye.

Kwitegura no gukora ubuvuzi

Muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha gufata imiti igabanya amaraso iminsi mike mbere yo kubagwa, nka aspirine na clopidogrel .

Uburyo bwo kuvura bukorwa bute?

Ibi bikorwa n'umuganga w'inzobere wahawe amahugurwa yihariye kuri iyi ntego. Uzahabwa imiti yo kwirinda ububabare mu gihe cyo kuvurwa. Hari uburyo bwinshi bw'ingenzi bwo gushyiramo stent.

Muganga wawe ni we uzaguhitiramo uburyo bukubereye. Ubu buryo bwose butwara isaha imwe cyangwa ebyiri. Ariko, uzakenera kumara umunsi umwe mu bitaro, kuko bizatwara amasaha menshi yo kwitegura no kwitegereza nyuma.

Bigenda bite nyuma yo kuvurwa?

Nyuma yo kuvurwa, muganga azagupima angiogram kugira ngo arebe niba stent ikora neza kandi niba amaraso yasubiye ku murongo. Hanyuma, catheter n'ibindi bikoresho bizakurwaho hanyuma uhabwe imiti igabanya ububabare n'andi mabwiriza ushobora gukenera.

Igikuru ni uko uzakenera gukomeza gufata imiti igabanya amaraso (urugero: Aspirine, Clopidogrel) ndetse na nyuma yo gutaha. Ntugahagarike gufata uyu muti utabanje kuvugana na muganga wawe. Ubusanzwe uzakenera gufata uyu muti mu gihe cy'amezi menshi.

Igihe cyo gukira nyuma yo gusubira mu rugo

• Ntugaterure ikintu kiremereye kirenze ibiro 20 (nk'indobo y'amazi) mu gihe cy'icyumweru.
• Ntukinjize aho hantu hatobowe cyangwa hatobowe mu mazi (nta bwogero cyangwa pisine) nyuma y'icyumweru kimwe. Koga ni byiza.
• Witondere cyane igihe uzamuka ingazi.
• Gahoro gahoro menyera gahunda yawe isanzwe mu cyumweru kimwe.

Ibyiza, ingaruka, n'intsinzi y'igihe kirekire mu buvuzi

Ubu buryo bwo kuvura ntibugira ingaruka mbi cyane ugereranije no kubagwa mu buryo busanzwe, bufite ibyiza byinshi. Iby'ingenzi ni ugucamo uduce duto, kugabanya ibyago byo kwangirika kw'imitsi yo mu ijosi, no kugabanya ububabare nyuma yo kuvurwa.

Ingaruka zishobora kubaho zirimo kuva amaraso, umuvuduko w'amaraso uri hasi/uri hejuru (Hypotension/Hypertension), umutima utera buhoro (Bradycardia), kubyimba kw'amaraso, ndetse na gake cyane, gucika imitsi. Muganga wawe azagusobanurira neza izi ngaruka.

Icy'ingenzi ni uko ubu buryo bwo kuvura budakiza indwara yateye imbere (atherosclerosis). Bukuraho gusa kuziba kwari guhari. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa guhindura imibereho yawe kugira ngo wirinde ko imitsi y'amaraso yongera kuziba.

• Reka kunywa itabi no kunywa itabi ry’uburozi burundu.
• Fata umuti wanditswe na muganga ku gihe.
• Komeza kugira ibiro bizima.
• Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe.
• Fata indyo yuzuye umutima irimo amavuta make, umunyu n'isukari, hamwe n'imbuto n'imboga nyinshi.
• Komeza umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe, cholesterol (LDL iri munsi ya 70), na diyabete (HbA1c iri munsi ya 7) bigenzurwe neza.
• Shaka muganga ku gihe cyagenwe hanyuma uhabwe isuzuma.

Ibyihutirwa! Wakora iki niba ufite ibi bimenyetso?

Ibi ni ingenzi cyane. Niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso bikurikira, hamagara 1990 Ambulance Service ako kanya bidatinze cyangwa ujye mu ishami rishinzwe ubutabazi bwihuse (ETU) ry’ibitaro biri hafi yawe.

• Ibimenyetso bya stroke: kunama ku ruhande rumwe rw'isura, kugorwa no kuvuga cyangwa kumva amagambo, kubura ibyiyumvo cyangwa kugira ibinya mu kuboko cyangwa ukuguru.
• Iyo habayeho kuva amaraso menshi cyangwa kubyimba ahantu hashyizwe stent (mu ruhu, mu kuboko, cyangwa mu ijosi).

Hari igihe imitsi ishobora kuba mito bitewe no kongera gukura kw'ingingo aho zavuriwe. Ibi tubyita 'restenosis' . Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa gukora isuzuma rya ultrasound buri gihe.