Reka twige kuri Central Pontine Myelinolysis (CPM), indwara ikomeye aho umubiri utakaza sodium ukagerageza kuyishyura!

Kugabanuka k'umunyu, cyangwa sodium, mu mubiri wacu rimwe na rimwe bishobora guteza akaga. Ariko se wari uzi ko iyo twongereye uyu munyu mu buryo butunguranye, bishobora kwangiza ubwonko bwacu? Indwara imwe ikomeye ishobora kubaho muri icyo gihe yitwa `Central Pontine Myelinolysis (CPM).` Rimwe na rimwe yitwa `Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome (ODS).` Reka tubiganireho birambuye, kuko iki ni ikintu twese tugomba kumenya.

`Central Pontine Myelinolysis (CPM)` ni iki? Mu magambo make...

Mu magambo make, `Central Pontine Myelinolysis (CPM)` ni ukwangiza uturemangingo tw’imitsi mu gace ka `Pons` hagati mu bwonko bwacu n’igitambaro cyo kuburinda kibukikije, cyitwa `myelin sheath`. Tekereza nk’igitambaro cya pulasitiki gitwikira insinga. Iki gitambaro cya myelin gifasha uturemangingo tw’imitsi kugenda vuba.

Umubiri wacu ni igice cy'ingenzi cyane cy'umubiri wacu. Niho amakuru agenda agaruka hagati y'umugongo wacu n'igice kinini cy'ubwonko "gitekereza". Binafasha kugenzura imikorere y'ingenzi nko guhumeka, igogora, no gutera k'umutima.

Rero, mu gihe cya `CPM`, iki gitambaro cya myelin kirangirika, amaherezo uturemangingo tw’imitsi dushobora kwangirika. Ibi bikunze kubaho iyo urugero rwa sodium mu mubiri wacu rwiyongereye mu buryo butunguranye, vuba cyane. Ibi byago biza cyane cyane iyo turimo kuvura sodium nke mu mubiri (ibi ni byo twita `hyponatremia`).

CPM ishobora gutera ibimenyetso bitandukanye. Ibi birimo intege nke z'imitsi, ubumuga, ingorane zo kuvuga, no guhindura imyitwarire. Abantu benshi bakira burundu, ariko bamwe bashobora kugira ubumuga buhoraho. Mu bihe bidasanzwe, urupfu rushobora kubaho.

Ni nde uri mu kaga gakomeye ko kurwara iyi ndwara ya `CPM`?

Mu by’ukuri, indwara iyo ari yo yose cyangwa ikibazo cyose kigabanya urugero rwa sodium mu mubiri byongera ibyago byo kurwara CPM. Abantu bamaze amasaha arenga 48 bafite urugero rwa sodium ruri hasi ni bo bari mu kaga gakomeye.

Ibintu bifitanye isano ahanini na `CPM` ni ibi bikurikira:

• Kunywa inzoga nyinshi (`Indwara yo gukoresha inzoga`) : Iyi ni yo mpamvu nyamukuru.
• Gutera umwijima : Ibibazo bya sodiyumu bishobora kubaho nubwo umwijima udakora neza.
• Gushya cyane : Gushya cyane bishobora gutera ubusumbane mu bintu by'amazi n'imyunyu mu mubiri.
• Hyperemesis gravidarum (kuruka cyane mu gihe utwite) : Bamwe mu babyeyi bagira kuruka cyane mu gihe batwite, ibyo bikaba byanatuma urugero rwa sodium mu mubiri rugabanuka.
• Imirire mibi : Ibi bibazo bivuka nubwo nta biryo n'ibinyobwa bikwiye bihari.

Iyi ndwara yitwa `Central Pontine Myelinolysis` ikunze kugaragara gute?

Mu by'ukuri, abaganga ntibashobora kuvuga neza uko iyi ndwara ikunze kugaragara. Impamvu imwe ni uko abantu benshi bafite CPM yoroheje batagira ibimenyetso. Ibyo bivuze ko batazi ko bafite iyo ndwara.

Ariko, indwara zikomeye za CPM zikunze kugaragara cyane ku bantu banywa inzoga nyinshi, abahabwa umwijima, ndetse n'abafite izindi ndwara zikomeye.

Kuki iyi "Central Pontine Myelinolysis" ibaho? Ni izihe mpamvu?

Nkuko byavuzwe mbere, impamvu nyamukuru itera `Central Pontine Myelinolysis` ni ukwiyongera vuba k'urugero rwa sodium. Ibi bikunze kubaho iyo umuntu avura urugero ruto rwa sodium mu mubiri (`hyponatremia`).

Noneho, reba, sodium ni electrolyte y'ingenzi ku mibiri yacu. Muri make, sodium ifasha kuringaniza ingano y'amazi ari imbere no hanze y'uturemangingo twacu. Kunywa inzoga nyinshi, indwara z'umwijima, n'izindi ndwara nyinshi zishobora gutera urugero ruke rwa sodium mu mubiri. Iyo iki kibazo, cyitwa hyponatremia, kidavuwe neza, gishobora gutera indwara zikomeye ndetse no kujyanwa mu bitaro.

Rero, iyo uri mu bitaro, abaganga bakosora iki gipimo gito cya sodium baguha umuti wa IV saline . Ariko, iyo igipimo cya sodium yawe kizamutse vuba cyane, ni bwo CPM ishobora kubaho.

Tekereza nk'uko bigenda iyo uguye amazi menshi ku kimera cyumye mu buryo butunguranye. Ni ikintu kigomba gukorwa witonze. Ni kimwe no kunoza urugero rwa sodium mu mubiri.

Iyi "Central Pontine Myelinolysis" ibaho ite? Ni iki mu by'ukuri kiba mu mubiri?

Iyo urugero rwa sodium mu maraso yawe rwiyongereye vuba, amazi ari mu turemangingo tw’imitsi asohoka mu turemangingo. Ibi byitwa ``osmotic shift`` . Ibi bituma uturemangingo tw’imitsi tubura amazi , nk’aho turimo kuma. Uku kubura amazi kwangiza uturemangingo tw’imitsi n’agace ka myelin kayikikije. Uku kwangirika kw’agace ka myelin byitwa ``myelinlysis`` .

Uturemangingo tw’imitsi muri 'Pons', igice cy’ubwonko, twibasirwa cyane n’ubu bwoko bwa 'myelinosis.' Niyo mpamvu byitwa 'Central Pontine Myelinosis.'

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya `Central Pontine Myelinolysis (CPM)` na `Extrapontine Myelinolysis (EPM)`?

Uku kwangirika kwa myelin ntiguhora kubaho muri pons gusa. Hari igihe myelin ishobora no kubaho no mu bindi bice by'ubwonko. Ubu bwoko bwa myelin yangiritse hanze ya pons bwitwa extrapontine myelin (EPM) .

Ariko, EPM ni gake cyane. Hafi umuntu umwe kuri bane bafite CPM (hafi 25%) na we ashobora kuba afite EPM.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya `Central Pontine Myelinolysis`?

Ibimenyetso bya CPM bikunze gutangira mu minsi mike nyuma yo gukosora vuba urugero rwa sodium. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'aho mu bwonko habaye kwangirika kwa myelin n'ingano y'ibyangiritse. Ibimenyetso by'ingenzi bishobora kugaragara ni ibi bikurikira:

• Impinduka mu myitwarire: nko kurakara cyangwa guhangayika mu buryo butunguranye.
• Urujijo: Kumva nk'aho ubwenge bwawe butameze neza, nk'aho wibagiwe aho uri n'igihe kigeze.
• Kugorwa no kuvuga (dysarthria): Amagambo arahindagurika kandi imvugo ntisobanuke neza.
• Kugorwa no kumira (dysphagia): Kugorwa no kumira ibiryo n'ibinyobwa, kumva umeze nk'uri kubyimba.
• Kurwara mu maso: Uruhande rumwe rw'isura rucika intege kandi ntirukore neza.
• Intege nke z'imitsi: Amaguru yumva asa n'aho agiye gucika intege.
• Kubura uburinganire n'imikoranire: Kuzungazunga iyo ugenda, ntushobore gufata ibintu neza.
• Imitsi ikora nabi kandi igahinda umushyitsi (`Ihinda umushyitsi`): Gutigita kw'amaguru mu buryo butunguranye.
• Ingendo z'amaso zidakora neza (`Oculomotor disfunction`).
• Indwara ya Parkinson: Guhinda umushyitsi, kugorwa no kuvuga, no kugorwa no kugenda bishobora kubaho, nk'indwara ya Parkinson.
• Quadriparesis: Intege nke mu maboko, amaguru, n'ibirenge bine.

Mu bihe bikomeye cyane, CPM ishobora gutera indwara yitwa `locked-in syndrome`, aho imitsi yose uretse imitsi y'amaso ihagarara. Ibi bivuze ko umurwayi ashobora gutekereza no kwimura amaso ye, ariko ntashobora kuvuga cyangwa kwimura umubiri we. Ashobora kandi kugwa muri koma cyangwa agapfa.

Iyi ndwara `Central Pontine Myelinolysis` ipimwa ite? (Isuzuma)

Kugira ngo umuganga wawe apime CPM, azakora ibi bikurikira:

• Baza ibimenyetso byawe: icyo wumva, igihe umaze urwaye ibi bibazo, n'ibindi.
• Bashaka impamvu zishobora kuba zihari: ibintu nk'uko urugero rwa sodium wari umeze igihe wavurwaga, ndetse niba ufite izindi ndwara.
• MRI scan: MRI ishobora gufasha muganga wawe kubona ahantu hangiritse (ibisebe) mu bwonko bwawe biterwa na myelinosis. Ariko, rimwe na rimwe utu duce twangiritse dushobora kutagaragara kuri MRI kugeza nyuma y'ibyumweru bibiri ibimenyetso bitangiye.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura `Central Pontine Myelinolysis`?

Nta buryo bwihariye bwo kuvura CPM. Intego nyamukuru yo kuvura ni ukugenzura ibimenyetso. Urugero, imiti igabanya ubukana bwa dopamine (imiti yongera urugero rwa dopamine) rimwe na rimwe ishobora gufasha abantu bafite ibimenyetso bya Parkinson (guhinda umushyitsi, kugorwa no kuvuga).

Abaganga bamwe bagiye bavura indwara ya `CPM` bongera kugabanya urugero rwa sodium, hanyuma bongera kurwongera buhoro buhoro. Ariko, ubu buryo bwo kuvura ntibukora kuri buri wese.

Ni gute wakwirinda `Central Pontine Myelinolysis`? (Kwirinda)

Iki nicyo kintu cy'ingenzi kurusha ibindi.

• Niba ufite ikibazo gishobora gutuma umubiri wawe ugira umunyu muke, menya neza icyo kibazo.
• Niba ufite ikibazo cyo kunywa inzoga, nyamuneka shaka ubufasha kwa muganga wawe. Kunywa inzoga bishobora gutera hyponatremia (umusemburo muke wa sodiyumu). Bishobora kandi gutuma umwijima unanirwa gukora, bigatuma umwijima uterwa. Izi ni zo mpamvu zikomeye zishobora gutera CPM.

Abaganga barinda Central Pontine Myelinolysis (CPM) bakurikiza amabwiriza y’ubuvuzi agezweho kugira ngo bongere urugero rwa sodium mu buryo bwizewe kandi buhoro buhoro ku barwayi bafite hyponatremia.

Ese indwara ya Central Pontine Myelinolysis ishobora kuvurwa? Ese ishobora gusubizwa inyuma?

Iki ni ikibazo abantu benshi bafite. Dukurikije ubushakashatsi buherutse gukorwa, abantu bagera kuri 94% bafite CPM bararokoka. Nanone, hagati ya 25% na 40% barakira neza.

Ariko, abantu bagera kuri 25% bafite CPM ntibakira neza. Aba bantu bashobora gukenera ubufasha mu buzima bwabo bwose. Uburyo bwo kuvura nko kuvuga, kuvura mu kazi, no kuvura umubiri bushobora kubafasha gukora imirimo ya buri munsi.

Ni gute wabaho uhuye n'ikibazo cya `CPM`?

Muganga wawe azaguha inama ukeneye. Ukurikije neza iyo gahunda yo kuvura, ushobora kugenzura ibimenyetso bibangamira ubuzima bwawe bwa buri munsi.

Wowe n'umuryango wawe mushobora kungukirwa cyane n'ubufasha mu gutanga ubufasha. Vugana na muganga wawe ku bijyanye n'ubuvuzi bwo mu rugo, amatsinda y'ubufasha, n'izindi mfashanyigisho.

Ni gute wabona ubufasha ku kibazo cyo kunywa inzoga?

Abaganga bavura ikibazo cyo kunywa inzoga bakoresheje uburyo bwo kuvura imyitwarire n'imiti. Hariho kandi amatsinda menshi y'ubufasha atanga inkunga n'ubufasha mu bijyanye no kwita ku nshingano.

Abantu bafite ikibazo cyo kunywa inzoga bashobora kuvurirwa mu bitaro, mu bigo bifasha mu gusana abarwayi, cyangwa binyuze mu bitaro.

Intambwe ya mbere yo gukira indwara yo kunywa inzoga ni ukwemera ko ufite ikibazo. Iyo usabye ubufasha kwa muganga, wongera cyane amahirwe yo gukira.

Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane - ibuka! (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Indwara ya Central Pontine Myelinolysis (CPM) ni indwara ishobora kwirindwa. Abaganga bakurikiza amabwiriza ariho yo kongera urugero rwa sodium mu barwayi bafite hyponatremia (sodium nkeya).

Ushobora kugabanya ibyago byawe, cyane cyane niba ufite ikibazo cyo kunywa inzoga, ufata ingamba zo kubireka. Niba ukeneye ubufasha, vugana na muganga wawe. Bashobora kuguha ubufasha n'ibikoresho ukeneye kugira ngo uhindure imibereho yawe kandi ugire ingeso nziza.

Wibuke ko kumenya ibintu ari bwo burinzi bukomeye cyane!

` Indwara ya Myelinolysis ya Pontine yo Hagati, Ubwonko, Imitsi, Sodiyumu, Myelini, Alcool, CPM