Kubyimba mu bwonko ni iki? Reka twige kuri iyi ndwara iteje akaga mu magambo make!

Ese wigeze wumva ufite umuvuduko udasanzwe, kuremererwa, cyangwa ububabare budasanzwe mu mutwe wawe? Hari igihe dutekereza ko ari umutwe usanzwe, ariko gake cyane, ushobora kuba ikintu gikomeye kurushaho. Rero, ikibazo twese tugomba kumenya no guhangayikishwa na cyo ni ukubyimba ubwonko , cyangwa nk'uko abaganga babyita, "Kubyimba ubwonko." Ibi ni iki koko, impamvu ibi bibaho, n'ibindi byinshi tuzavugaho uyu munsi.

Kubyimba mu bwonko ni iki? Mu magambo make...

Mu magambo make, `(Edema yo mu bwonko)` ni igihe amazi menshi yirundanyije mu bwonko bwacu, bigatuma ubwonko bubyimba burundu cyangwa igice cyabwo. Noneho tekereza, umutwe wacu umeze nk'igishishwa gikomeye cy'ikoko. Ubwonko bwacu buri imbere muri bwo, burinzwe. Ariko, uyu mutwe ntushobora kwaguka no kugabanuka. Rero iyo ubwonko bubyimbye, ni ukuvuga iyo ingingo z'ubwonko zibyimbye bitewe n'ayo mazi menshi , umuvuduko uri mu gahanga, abaganga bita `(Umuvuduko wo mu bwonko)` cyangwa `(ICP)`, wiyongera cyane.

Icy'ingenzi kurushaho, kubyimba ubwonko ni indwara ikomeye isaba ubuvuzi bwihutirwa . Iyo idavuwe neza, ishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga.

Iyi ndwara ishobora kugaragara ku muntu uwo ari we wese, kuva ku bana bato kugeza ku bakuru, bitewe n'impanuka cyangwa indwara.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ingenzi bw'indwara zo kubyimba ubwonko?

Kubyimba ubwonko bishobora kubaho mu buryo butandukanye. Hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'ingenzi:

1. Kubyimba kw'imitsi y'amaraso (Vasogenic Edema)

Ubu ni bwo bwoko bukunze kugaragara cyane . Ubu bwoko bwo kubyimba bushobora guterwa n'ibintu nk'ibibyimba mu bwonko. Ikibaho hano ni uko amazi ava mu mitsi y'amaraso yo mu bwonko, bigatuma ava.

2. Kubyimba kwa selile

Ibi kandi byitwa `(Cytotoxic Edema)`. Ibi bikunze guterwa n'igikomere gikomeye ku mutwe, nko `(Impanuka yo mu bwonko iteye ubwoba)` cyangwa indwara nka `(Stroke)`. Aha, iyo uturemangingo tw'ubwonko tudahawe amaraso cyangwa ogisijeni ihagije, kubyimba bibaho mu turemangingo.

Uretse ubwo bwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi, hari ubundi bwoko budakunze kugaragara:

• Kubyimba kw'amagufwa: Ubu bwoko bushobora guterwa n'indwara nka Ketoacidosis iterwa na diyabete cyangwa urugero ruke rwa sodium mu mubiri (Hyponatremia).
• Kubyimba hagati y'umubiri: Ubu bwoko bw'ibibyimba bushobora kugaragara bitewe n'indwara nka `(Hydrocephalus)` (kwiyongera kw'amazi ku bwonko) na `(Meningite)` (meningitis).

Kubyimba ubwonko bikunze kugaragara gute?

Kubyimba ubwonko bishobora guterwa n'impamvu zitandukanye, bityo ni indwara ikunze kuvurwa mu bitaro. Ibyo bivuze ko ari ngombwa ko tubimenya.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'iki kibazo cyo kubyimba ubwonko?

Niba ikibyimba ari gito, ushobora kuba udafite ibimenyetso. Ariko, niba ibimenyetso bigaragaye, bishobora kuba birimo:

• Kuribwa umutwe: Ibi bitandukanye n'umutwe usanzwe kandi bishobora kuba bikomeye.
• Gusinzira cyangwa kugorwa no gutekereza: Ushobora kuba udashobora gutekereza neza kandi ukumva usinziriye igihe cyose.
• Impinduka mu myitwarire: Ushobora kubona impinduka mu miterere y'umuntu, nko kurakara cyangwa guhangayika mu buryo butunguranye.
• Kubabara ijosi cyangwa gukomera: Biba bigoye kuzunguza ijosi, bigatera ububabare.
• Kuruka: Kuruka, cyane cyane mu gitondo.
• Gufatwa n'indwara zo mu mutwe : Gutakaza ubwenge no gucika intege mu buryo butunguranye.
• Ibibazo byo kutabona: Kubona kabiri, kutabona neza.
• Kugorwa no kuvuga: Gucura amagambo, kutabasha kuvuga neza.
• Ibibazo byo kwibuka: Kwibagirwa ibintu.
• Ukwiyongera gutunguranye k'umuvuduko w'amaraso.
• Kugorwa no guhumeka.
• Intege nke.
• Gutakaza ubwenge.

Niba ufite kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bimenyetso, ni ngombwa cyane gushaka inama kwa muganga byihutirwa . Ntugapfushe ubusa umwanya.

Ni iki gitera kubyimba ubwonko?

Nk’uko hari impamvu zitandukanye zitera kubyimba mu bindi bice by’umubiri wacu, hari n’izindi mpamvu zitandukanye zitera kubyimba mu bwonko. Ibi bishobora guterwa n’imvune ku bwonko ubwabwo, indwara zandura, n’indwara zo kubyimba. Dore zimwe mu mpamvu:

• Gukomereka mu bwonko: Tekereza umuntu aguye ku igare agakubita umutwe, cyangwa agakubitwa n'umupira mu gihe akina cricket. Ubwo bwoko bw'impanuka bushobora gutera kubyimba mu bwonko.
• Kanseri y'ubwonko.
• Ketoacidosis iterwa na diyabete.
• Eclampsia ni indwara ikomeye ishobora kubaho mu gihe cyo gutwita.
• Encephalitis.
• Indwara yo kuva amaraso mu bwonko.
• Kunanirwa k'umwijima bigira ingaruka ku bwonko (Hepatic Encephalopathy).
• Kwirundanya kw'amazi mu bwonko (Hydrocephalus).
• Ischemic stroke (ubumuga buterwa no kuziba k'imitsi itwara amaraso).
• Indwara ya meningite.
• Uburozi buturuka ku bintu nk'ibiyobyabwenge, uburozi, cyangwa inzoka.
• Toxoplasmose cyangwa izindi ndwara zo mu bwonko.
• Amaraso apfundika mu mitsi yo mu bwonko (Venous Sinus Thrombosis).
• Indwara yo mu Butumburuke: Ibi byitwa ``Uburemere bwo mu bwonko buri hejuru cyane - HACE''.

Ese kubyimba ubwonko byandura?

Oya, meningite si ikintu ushobora kwandura uvuye ku wundi muntu, kandi si ikintu ushobora guha undi muntu. Ariko, zimwe mu ndwara zandura zishobora gutera meningite . Urugero:

• Meningite
• Encephalitis
• Toxoplasmose `(Toxoplasmose)`

Hari igihe, ndetse n'indwara nto nka sinusiti, nubwo zidakunze kugaragara, zishobora gutuma amashyira yikusanya mu gahanga, bigatera kubyimba ubwonko.

Ni ibihe bintu bishobora gutera iyi ndwara?

Hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora kugira ingaruka ku kubyimba k'ubwonko. Abantu barwaye diyabete bafite ibyago byinshi byo kubyimba ubwonko bitewe n'indwara nka "Diabete-related Ketoacidosis" cyangwa indwara zandura. Abana bivugwa ko bafite ibyago byinshi kurusha abantu bakuru barwaye diyabete. Abantu barwaye kanseri cyangwa ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri budakomeye nabo bafite ibyago byinshi byo kubyimba ubwonko.

Ni gute abaganga basuzuma indwara yo kubyimba ubwonko?

Umuganga azavugana nawe n'abo muri kumwe kandi agukorere isuzuma ry'imitsi. Amateka yawe y'ubuvuzi n'ibimenyetso byayo bishobora gufasha umuganga wawe gusesengura neza. Ariko, kugira ngo umenye neza, ni ngombwa gupima ubwonko bwawe hakoreshejwe CT scan cyangwa MRI scan.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ibizamini bizakorwa?

Kugira ngo muganga amenye kubyimba k'ubwonko no kumenya impamvu, ashobora gutumiza ibizamini nka:

• CT Scan (Computed Tomography - CT Scan): Iyi ifotora ubwonko mu bice bitandukanye.
• MRI Scan (Magnetic Resonance Imaging - MRI Scan): Iki kandi ni ikizamini gifata amashusho arambuye y'ubwonko.
• Gupima amaraso: Ibi bifasha gusuzuma ibintu nk'ubwandu na diyabete.

Kubyimba ubwonko bivurwa bite?

Intego nyamukuru yo kuvura kubyimba k'ubwonko ni ukugabanya amazi menshi yikusanyirije mu bwonko no kugenzura kubyimba. Ibi bikorwa ahanini binyuze mu miti no kubagwa.

Imiti ivura kubyimba ubwonko

Bitewe n'impamvu itera kubyimba ubwonko, imiti uhabwa ishobora gutandukana. Muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira imiti nka:

• Corticosteroids: Iyi ni imiti igabanya ububyimbirwe no kubyimba.
• Mannitol n'indi miti igabanya ubushyuhe: Iyi miti ifasha gukura amazi menshi mu mubiri.
• Umunyu utera amaraso menshi: Iki kandi ni ikintu gifasha gukura amazi mu bwonko no kugabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso.
• Imiti igabanya ububabare: Guma umurwayi atuje kandi ugenzure umuvuduko w'amaraso ugabanya ibikorwa by'ubwonko.
• Ibigabanya umuriro.
• Ibigabanya amaraso: Birinda kubyimba kw'amaraso.

Kubaga indwara yo kubyimba ubwonko

Mu bihe bikomeye cyane, umuganga w’indwara z’imitsi ashobora gufata icyemezo cyo kubaga nk’ibi bikurikira:

• Kubaga indwara y'umutwe: Ibi bikubiyemo gukuraho igice cy'agahanga kugira ngo bigabanye umuvuduko ku bwonko.
• Ventriculostomy: Hakorwa umwobo mu muyoboro w'ubwonko hanyuma hagashyirwamo umuyoboro kugira ngo amazi yo mu bwonko ashobore gusohoka mu gafuka kayakusanya.
• Guhunga: Ibi binakubiyemo gukura amazi arenze urugero mu bwonko ukayajyana mu kindi gice cy'umubiri (urugero, mu nda) aho ashobora kwinjiza mu buryo butekanye umubiri.
• Gukuraho igisebe cyo mu bwonko, nk'ikibyimba, no kubagwa.

Ingaruka mbi/ingorane zo kuvurwa

Ubusanzwe kubagwa bigira ingaruka zo kwandura no kuva amaraso.

Imiti ishobora kandi gutera ingaruka mbi. Urugero, imiti ya corticosteroids:

• Gushaka kurya no kongera ibiro.
• Kugabanuka k'ubudahangarwa ku ndwara.
• Ibiheri.
• Ihindagurika ry'amarangamutima.
• Kutagira ituze.
• Gukomereka byoroshye.

Kuva kuri `(Mannitol)` n'izindi `(Diuretics)`:

• Kubura amazi mu mubiri.
• Kwangirika kw'impyiko.

Ese ushobora gukira indwara yo kubyimba ubwonko?

Igisubizo kigufi ni yego, urashobora . Kubyimba ubwonko birashobora kuvurwa. Ariko, ni ngombwa kuvura impamvu nyamukuru ndetse no kuvura indwara yo kubyimba ubwonko mu buryo butaziguye.

Ni iki nakwitega mu gihe mfite ikibyimba cyo mu bwonko?

Igipimo cyo gukira indwara yo kubyimba ubwonko giterwa n'ibintu byinshi:

• Impamvu yo kubyimba.
• Ubuzima bwawe muri rusange.
• Uburyo bwo kubona ubuvuzi bwihuse bwo kubyimba.

Bishobora gufata igihe kugira ngo uvure kubyimba n'impamvu nyamukuru. Byongeye kandi, ushobora guhura n'izindi ndwara zateye kubyimba.

Ese kubyimba ubwonko bishobora kwirindwa?

Nubwo kubyimba ubwonko kose atari ko bishobora kwirindwa, hari ibintu ushobora gukora kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago byo kubyimba:

• Jya kwisuzumisha kwa muganga buri gihe: Sura umuganga w'umuryango wawe maze ukore ibizamini bikenewe.
• Kugenzura neza indwara zidakira nka diyabete n'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso.
• Koresha imiti neza neza nk'uko muganga yabigutegetse.
• Witondere mu gihe ukina siporo zishobora gutera imvune mu mutwe: Witondere mu gihe ukina siporo zishobora gutera indwara yo mu mutwe.
• Ambara imikandara y'imodoka iyo utwaye imodoka, kandi wambare ingofero iyo utwaye amagare na moto.
• Fata inkingo zikenewe kandi ukurikize ubundi buryo bwo kwirinda indwara.
• Fata ingamba zo kwirinda kwandura: wirinde abarwayi, karaba intoki zawe neza.
• Niba unywa itabi, gerageza kurireka. Kunywa itabi byongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara yo mu bwonko.

Ni ryari ugomba kujya kwa muganga ku bijyanye no kubyimba ubwonko?

Niba ufite imvune iyo ari yo yose ku mutwe, ndetse n'iyo yaba ari ntoya, hita ubonana na muganga . Niba ukubise umutwe mu gihe ukina siporo, cyangwa niba ufite ikibazo cyo kuribwa mu mutwe, menya neza ko wagiye kwa muganga kandi ntusubire gukina siporo kugeza igihe aguhaye uburenganzira.

Niba ufite indwara zidakira nka diyabete, umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, kandi ukaba ufite ibimenyetso byo kwibumbirana kw'amazi cyangwa kubyimba mu bwonko, shaka ubufasha bwa muganga byihutirwa.

Ni ibihe bibazo ngomba kubaza muganga wanjye ku bijyanye no kubyimba ubwonko?

Ushobora kuba ufite ibibazo byo kubaza muganga wawe ku bijyanye no kubyimba ubwonko, urugero:

• Ni iki gitera ubwonko bwanjye kubyimba?
• Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura usaba?
• Ni gute wavura impamvu nyamukuru itera kubyimba ubwonko?
• Ingaruka mbi z'ubuvuzi ni izihe?

Amaherezo, icyo ugomba kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Kubyimba mu bwonko, cyangwa "Kubyimba mu bwonko", ni indwara ikomeye ishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga. Kubwibyo, gushaka abaganga vuba ibimenyetso bigaragaye bishobora gukumira ingorane zikomeye. Ni ngombwa kandi kumenya impamvu itera kubyimba no kuvura indwara isanzwe. Mu gucunga neza indwara zidakira no gufata ingamba zo kwirinda, dushobora gufasha gukumira zimwe mu mpamvu zitera kubyimba mu bwonko. Wite ku buzima bwawe, kuko ari wo mutungo w'agaciro kanini ufite!

Kubyimba k'ubwonko , umuvuduko w'amaraso mu bwonko, gukomereka k'umutwe, kwandura indwara zo mu bwonko, ubumuga, indwara z'imitsi