Reka twige uburyo amaraso atembera mu mubiri wacu? (Sisitemu yo kuzenguruka amaraso)

Ese wari uzi ko hari sisitemu itangaje mu mubiri wawe ikora buri gihe, waba usinziriye, ukora, cyangwa ukina? Ni sisitemu ikora ku miyoboro y'amaraso, itanga ubuzima ku mibiri yacu kandi ikajyana amaraso mu mibiri yacu yose. Kimwe n'imiyoboro y'amazi itanga amazi mu mujyi, itanga intungamubiri kuri buri selile mu mubiri wacu kandi ikavanaho imyanda. Reka tubiganireho mu buryo bworoshye.

Uru rwego rw'amaraso ni iki?

Mu magambo make, sisitemu y'imiyoboro y'amaraso ni sisitemu igizwe n'umutima wawe n'imitsi y'amaraso . Hari n'abantu bayita sisitemu y'imitsi n'amaraso. Aya mazina yombi yerekeza ku sisitemu imwe.

Inshingano yayo nyamukuru ni ugukoresha amaraso kugira ngo atange intungamubiri ku tunyangingo tubarirwa muri za miriyari mu mubiri wacu no gukura imyanda muri utwo tunyangingo. Mu yandi magambo, ni nk'uburyo bwo gutwara abantu mu mubiri wacu. Umutima wawe ukora nk'ipompo nyamukuru, utera amaraso mu mubiri wose binyuze muri uru rusobe rw'imitsi y'amaraso. Aya maraso aha imitsi yacu, ingirabuzimafatizo, n'ingingo zacu ogisijeni n'intungamubiri . Anatwara imyanda, nka dioxyde de carbone , ikorerwa muri utwo tunyangingo ikayigeza ku ngingo zishobora kuyikura mu mubiri.

Ni izihe nshingano z'ingenzi z'iyi gahunda?

Hari imirimo itatu y'ingenzi ikorwa n'iyi sisitemu.

• Gupompa amaraso mu mubiri wose: Umutima wacu utera ku manywa na nijoro, ndetse no mu gihe dusinziriye, kandi ni wo ukora akazi kawo.
• Gutanga ibintu by'ingenzi: Gutanga ogisijeni n'intungamubiri mu ngingo zacu, imitsi, n'ingingo.
• Gukuraho ibintu bitari ngombwa: Gukusanya no gukura imyanda nka dioxyde de carbone mu mubiri.

Tekereza nk'urugendo rudashira. Amaraso, atangirira mu mutima, anyura mu mitsi minini y'amaraso (imitsi) ajya mu ngingo zacu. Aho ngaho, urusobe rw'imitsi myiza cyane y'amaraso, yitwa capillaries, igeza ogisijeni n'intungamubiri ku turemangingo kandi igakusanya imyanda iva muri utwo turemangingo. Hanyuma, amaraso arimo iyo myanda agaruka mu mutima binyuze mu bundi bwoko bw'imitsi y'amaraso (imitsi). Kuva mu mutima, amaraso yoherezwa mu bihaha, aho yongera gushyirwamo ogisijeni agasubira mu mutima, agatangira urugendo rushya. Iyi gahunda iba buri segonda umutima wawe utera.

Iyi sisitemu ishyira imbere cyane gutanga amaraso mu bwonko no mu mutima w'umubiri wacu. Kuko iyo amaraso ahagaze mu bwonko, ushobora guta ubwenge mu masegonda make. Iyo amaraso ahagaze mu gihe kirenze iminota ine, ubwonko bushobora kwangirika. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, iyo umutima ubwawo udahawe amaraso ukeneye, ntushobora gukora akazi kawo ko gupompa neza.

Uru rwego rw'amaraso rukora rute?

Iyi gahunda yose ibera hamwe n'umutima, ibihaha n'imitsi y'amaraso. Reka turebe uko ibi bigenda intambwe ku yindi.

1. Ubwa mbere, ventricle y'iburyo y'umutima wawe ipompa amaraso adahumeka neza mu bihaha byawe. Aya maraso anyura mu mitsi mikuru y'ibihaha, ari yo mitsi y'ibihaha.

2. Mu bihaha, dioxyde de carbone iri muri aya maraso irasohoka igasimburwa na ogisijeni iva mu mwuka duhumeka.

3. Aya maraso, ubu yuzuye ogisijeni, asubira mu gice cy'ibumoso cy'umutima binyuze mu mitsi y'ibihaha.

4. Uvuye mu gice cy'ibumoso cy'umutima, aya maraso akungahaye kuri ogisijeni yoherezwa mu gice cy'ibumoso cy'umutima, ari na cyo gice cy'ingenzi kandi gikomeye cy'umutima.

5. Inkondo y'ibumoso irakurura cyane ikayishyira mu mitsi kugira ngo ikwirakwize mu mubiri wose.

6. Muri ubu buryo, amaraso azenguruka umubiri wose atanga ogisijeni n'intungamubiri ku ngingo n'imitsi, kandi agakusanya imyanda ihari.

7. Aya maraso (amaraso adahumeka) yakusanyije imyanda na dioxyde de carbone agaruka mu mutima binyuze mu mitsi.

8. Umutima upompa aya maraso ukayajyana mu bihaha kugira ngo yuzuze umwuka wa ogisijeni. Iyo duhumeka, uyu mwuka wa karuboni urasohoka.

Iyi ngendo ni yo ibaho buri gihe. Inzira y'amaraso ajya mu bihaha agafata ogisijeni agasubira mu mutima yitwa pulmonary circulation . Mu buryo nk'ubwo, inzira yo gutwara amaraso afite ogisijeni ava mu mutima akayajyana mu bindi bice by'umubiri yitwa systemic circulation .

Ni ibihe bice by'ingenzi by'urusobe rw'amaraso mu mubiri?

Nkuko twabivuze mbere, hari ibice bine by'ingenzi by'iyi sisitemu. Buri kimwe muri byo gifite umurimo wihariye. Kugira ngo tubisobanukirwe byoroshye, reka turebe iyi mbonerahamwe.

Ni izihe ndwara zikunze kwibasira iyi gahunda?

Ibibazo byinshi mu mikorere y’amaraso bifitanye isano no kuziba cyangwa kudakora neza kw’imitsi y’amaraso. Imitsi y’amaraso ni yo itanga ogisijeni ku mubiri wose, bityo iyo hari aho ifunganye, iyo ogisijeni irahungabana.

Dore zimwe mu ndwara zikunze kugira ingaruka kuri iyi gahunda.

• Umuvuduko w'amaraso ukabije : Umuvuduko wiyongereye ushyirwa ku nkuta z'imitsi y'amaraso uko amaraso ayinyuramo.
• Kolesteroli nyinshi: Ibinure byinshi mu maraso bishobora kwinjizwa mu mitsi y'amaraso bikayibuza.
• Ugutera nabi k'umutima (Arrhythmia):Umuvuduko w'umutima cyangwa umuvuduko udasanzwe.
• Indwara y'umutima: Kwangirika kw'imitsi y'umutima bitewe no kuziba k'imitsi ijyana amaraso mu mutima.
• Ibibazo by'imitsi y'umutima: Imitsi y'umutima ntikora neza.
• Umutima unanirwa: Imitsi y'umutima iracika intege kandi ntishobora kohereza amaraso ahagije mu mubiri.
• Aneurysm: Gucika intege k'urukuta rw'imitsi itwara amaraso, bigatuma ibyimba nk'umupira. Ibi bikunze kugaragara mu bwonko cyangwa mu muyoboro w'amaraso.
• Stroke: Kuziba cyangwa guturika k'umuyoboro w'amaraso utanga amaraso mu bwonko.
• Ateriosclerosis: Kugabanuka kw'imitsi y'amaraso bitewe n'uko cholesterol n'ibindi bintu byinjijwe mu nkuta z'imitsi.
• Indwara z'imitsi: Indwara nka thrombosis y'imitsi yo mu bwonko.

Ni gute twakomeza kubungabunga urusobe rw'amaraso mu mubiri?

Hari ibintu byinshi ushobora gukora kugira ngo umutima wawe n'imitsi yawe bikomeze kugira ubuzima bwiza. Ibi ni ibintu byoroshye ushobora kongeramo mu mibereho yawe.

• Kora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe. Gerageza gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri nibura iminota 150 mu cyumweru. Gutembera vuba, kwiruka, cyangwa kugendera ku igare ni amahitamo meza.
• Gusinzira neza. Ni ingenzi cyane gusinzira bihagije buri joro.
• Genzura umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso. Niba ufite umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, kurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe n'imiti yawe neza.
• Genzura urugero rwa cholesterol yawe. Gabanya kurya ibiryo birimo amavuta menshi n'ibinure byinshi kugira ngo ugenzure urugero rwa cholesterol yawe.
• Irinde burundu ibikomoka ku itabi. Kunywa itabi byangiza cyane umutima n'imitsi y'amaraso.
• Kurya indyo yuzuye umutima. Kurya fibre nyinshi, imboga n'imbuto. Gabanya ibiryo birimo ibinure byinshi.
• Gumana ibiro byiza. Kugumana ibiro byiza bijyanye n'uburebure bwawe ni ingenzi cyane.
• Genzura urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe. Niba urwaye diyabete, genzura neza.
• Gabanya imihangayiko. Ibintu nko gutekereza cyane, yoga, n'imyidagaduro bishobora gufasha kugabanya imihangayiko.

Ibibazo bibiri bikunze kubazwa

Ese hari ubwoko bubiri bw'amaraso, amaraso atukura n'amaraso y'ubururu?

Oya. Igitonyanga cyose cy'amaraso mu mibiri yacu ni umutuku.Amaraso abona ibara ritukura muri poroteyine yitwa hemoglobine iri mu turemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso. Ariko amaraso arimo ogisijeni ni umutuku wijimye, mu gihe amaraso adahumeka ari umutuku woroheje kandi wijimye. Imitsi iri munsi y'uruhu rwacu isa n'ubururu bitewe n'uburyo urumuri runyura mu bice by'uruhu. Ariko imbere muri iyo mitsi harimo amaraso atukura.

Ese imitsi ihora itwara amaraso arimo ogisijeni?

Akenshi, yego. Ariko hari ikintu kimwe kidasanzwe. Uwo ni umutsi w'amaraso utera ibihaha . Utwara amaraso make adafite ogisijeni mu mutima ukayajyana mu bihaha. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, umutsi utera ibihaha utwara amaraso akungahaye kuri ogisijeni mu bihaha ukayajyana mu mutima. Iki ni ikibazo kidasanzwe aho inzira inyura mu buryo butandukanye.