Ese nawe ufite ibibazo byo kutumva? Bishobora kuba (Indwara yo kutumva ikoresheje uburyo bwo gutuma umuntu yumva)!

Ese rimwe na rimwe uhura n'ingorane zo kumva ibivugwa neza? Cyangwa wumva amajwi mato buri gihe? Wenda wumva ijwi ryawe bwite rirushijeho kuba rinini? Niba ibi bintu ari ibintu bisanzwe kuri wewe, ni ngombwa cyane kumenya iyi ndwara tuvuga uyu munsi, yitwa `(Conductive Hearing Loss)`. Ntugahangayike, iki ni ikintu gishobora kuvurwa no gukira mu bihe byinshi.

"(Indwara yo kumva igendanwa)" ni iki? Reka tubisobanukirwe mu buryo bworoshye, si byo se?

Mu magambo make, gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kumva ni igihe hari imbogamizi mu buryo amajwi ava mu gice cyo hanze cy'ugutwi kwawe ajya mu gutwi imbere. Tekereza nk'umuyoboro w'amazi ufunga ahantu hagati ugahagarara gutemba. Ikibaho hano ni uko amajwi adashobora kwinjira neza.

Ugutwi kwacu kugabanyijemo ibice bitatu: ugutwi kw'inyuma, ugutwi ko hagati, n'ugutwi kw'imbere. Kugira ngo twumve ijwi, imiraba y'amajwi igomba kunyura mu gutwi kw'inyuma, ikanyura mu magufwa atatu mato (azwi kandi ko ari ossicles) mu gutwi ko hagati, hanyuma ikagera mu gice cy'inyuma cy'ugutwi cyitwa cochlea. Gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kumva bijyana n'ijwi bibaho iyo hari ikintu kibangamiye inzira y'ijwi, haba mu gutwi ko hanze cyangwa mu gutwi ko hagati. Ibi bishobora gutuma amajwi menshi anyura cyangwa anyura mu ijwi rituje. Hari igihe amajwi atuje cyane ashobora kutamenyekana. Ibi kandi byitwa ubumuga bwo kumva bujyana n'ijwi.

Iyi ndwara ikunze kugaragara cyane mu bana bato . Ubushakashatsi bumwe bwagaragaje ko abana bagera kuri 19% bari mu kigero cy'ishuri bafite ikibazo cyo kutumva, kandi 93% muri bo biterwa n'indwara yo kutumva ifata amajwi. Ariko ibyo ntibivuze ko bitabaho ku bantu bakuru. Abantu bakuru nabo bashobora kurwara iyi ndwara. Hari igihe iba ari iy'igihe gito, hari n'igihe iba ari iy'igihe kirekire. Kandi ishobora kuva ku yoroheje kugeza ku ikomeye. Igice cyiza ni uko akenshi ishobora gukira hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kuyivura.

Hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bwa `(Indwara yo Kubura Utumva Ikoresheje Ingufu)`

Uburyo bubiri bw'ingenzi bushobora kugaragara muri ibi:

1. `Gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kumva bukoresha amashanyarazi`: Ibi bigira ingaruka ku gutwi kumwe gusa.

2. `Uburemere bw'amatwi buhuza impande zombi`: Ibi bigira ingaruka ku matwi yombi.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya `(Conductive Utumva Loss)`? Ese nawe ufite ibi?

Reba niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso:

• Kumva udakora neza iyo ugenda (ibi biterwa n'ibibazo bya "Vestibular system" mu gutwi kwacu kw'imbere).
• Kumva ububabare mu gutwi .
• Kumva ufite igitutu cyangwa uburemere mu gutwi.
• Ijwi "rikubita" mu gutwi, cyangwa ijwi ricuranga .
• Kumva amajwi mu matwi amwe cyangwa yombi asa n'aho adasobanutse neza .
• Bisa nkaho ushobora kumva ijwi ryawe cyane iyo uvuga.

Niba ufite kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bimenyetso, ni byiza kujya kwa muganga.

Kuki tugira `(Indwara yo Kubura Utumva Igendanwa)`? Ni izihe mpamvu?

Nkuko twabivuze mbere, iyi ndwara ibaho iyo imiraba y'amajwi idashobora kugera kuri `(Cochlea)` mu gutwi kwacu kw'imbere. `(Cochlea)` ni cyo gice cy'ingenzi kidufasha kumva. Rero, hari impamvu zoroshye ndetse n'izindi mpamvu zigoye cyane zishobora kubangamira iyi nzira y'amajwi.

Dore zimwe mu mpamvu nyamukuru zitera ikibazo cyo kutumva gishingiye ku ikoranabuhanga:

• Kuziba kw'amatwi: Iyi ni impamvu ikunze kugaragara. Iyo amatwi menshi yirundanyije mu gutwi agakomera, abuza ijwi kwinjira.
• Ibintu by’amahanga (fremdkörper) byafashe mu gutwi: Iyi ndwara ishobora no kubaho iyo abana bato, cyane cyane iyo bakina, bashyize ibintu nk'amasaro cyangwa amashaza mu matwi yabo.
• Indwara zo mu matwi: Indwara zo mu matwi , cyane cyane izikunze kugaragara kandi zidakira (idakira), zishobora gutuma amazi yiyongera mu gutwi ko hagati, bigatuma amajwi atagenda neza.
• Ibibyimba byo mu matwi, udukoko two mu matwi, cyangwa ibindi bimera nka "Cholesteatoma": Ibi bintu bishobora kandi kubangamira amajwi iyo bitangiye imbere mu gutwi.
• Kudakora neza k'umuyoboro wa Eustachian: Uyu muyoboro uhuza ugutwi kwacu ko hagati n'umuhogo wacu. Iyo udakora neza, umuvuduko mu gutwi ko hagati ushobora guhinduka kandi amazi akarundanya.
• Ukwiyongera kw'amazi mu gutwi hagati guterwa n'ibintu nk'ibicurane: Iyo amatembabuzi yiyongera, amazi ashobora kwirundanya mu gutwi hagati akabangamira amatwi.
• Otosclerosis: Iyi ni indwara aho amagufwa akura nabi hafi y'amagufwa mato yo hagati mu gutwi. Ibi bibangamira ihindagurika ry'ayo magufwa kandi bikabangamira ihererekanya ry'amajwi.
• Udusimba tw'amatwi twacitse: Udusimba tw'amatwi dushobora gucika iyo ugutwi gukubiswe cyane cyangwa iyo indwara yo mu matwi ikomeje kwiyongera.

Impamvu zikunze kugaragara ku bana bato ni indwara zo mu matwi zikunze kwanduzanya no gushyira ibintu mu matwi . Ku bantu bakuru , iyi ndwara ikunze guterwa n'igikomere cyo mu matwi cyangwa indi ndwara .

Ibintu Bishobora Gutera Ingaruka Ku Butumva Bukoresha Ubushobozi bwo Kubumva

Hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara "Conductive Hearing Loss". Iyo bitavuwe neza, ibi bishobora gutuma umuntu atakaza ubushobozi bwo kumva burundu.

• Utugu tuvukana: Iyi ndwara ishobora guterwa n'ibibazo bivukanwa nka `(Microtia)` (iterambere ritari ryiza ry'agatsi k'ugutwi) na `(Atresia)` (kuba nta cyangwa iterambere ritari ryiza ry'umuyoboro w'ugutwi).
• Indwara z'amatwi zidakira: Iyo amazi yirundanyije mu gutwi ko hagati kandi agakomeza ntakire, ibyago byo kubura amatwi birushaho kwiyongera.
• Kwangirika kw'imiterere y'ugutwi: Amagufwa atatu mato (ossicles) mu matwi yacu atuma ijwi rivugika ashobora kwangirika, byaba bitewe n'igikomere ku gutwi cyangwa indwara nka otosclerosis.

Ni gute abaganga basuzuma indwara yo kubura amatwi hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga (Conductive Hearing Loss)?

Niba ufite ikibazo cyo kutumva, intambwe ya mbere ugomba gutera ni ukubonana na muganga w’amatwi, amazuru n’umuhogo (umuganga w’amaso) . Azagusuzuma. Azakubaza ibimenyetso byawe kandi niba hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe wigeze kugira ibibazo nk’ibyo. Urugero, ushobora kubazwa ibibazo nka:

• "Ni ryari wabonye bwa mbere ko urimo utakaza ubushobozi bwo kumva?"
• "Ese ibi byabayeho mu buryo butunguranye, cyangwa byagiye byiyongera buhoro buhoro?"
• "Ese uruhande rumwe rufite ingaruka nyinshi kurusha urundi?"
• "Wigeze ugira indwara zo mu matwi mbere?"
• "Ese wumva ububabare, igitutu, cyangwa urusaku mu gutwi kwawe?"
• "Ese hari umuntu wo mu muryango wawe ufite ubumuga bwo kutumva?"

Hanyuma umuganga azasuzuma inyuma y'ugutwi kwawe akareba imbere muri ko hanyuma akagukubitaho. Azakoresha igikoresho gito cy'urumuri cyitwa otoscope kugira ngo arebe imbere mu gutwi kugira ngo arebe niba hari ibiziba cyangwa ibitagenda neza mu miterere y'ugutwi kwawe.

Ni ibihe bipimo bikorwa kugira ngo hamenyekane neza iyi ndwara?

Nyuma yo gusuzuma umubiri, umuganga w’amatwi cyangwa umuganga w’amatwi azagusaba gukora ibizamini byinshi byo kumva . Bimwe muri byo birimo:

• Ikizamini cya acoustic reflex: Iki kizamini gipima uburyo umutsi muto wo mu gutwi kwawe hagati witabira amajwi menshi.
• Ikizamini cyo kohereza amagufwa: Ibi byohereza ijwi mu gutwi kwawe imbere kandi bigafasha kumenya ubwoko bw'ububabare bwo kutumva ufite.
• Ibyuka bihumanya ikirere (Otoacoustic emissions): Ibi bipima imitingito ijyanye n'amajwi aturuka mu gutwi kwawe kugira ngo harebwe niba hari imbogamizi.
• `(Pure-tone audiometry)`: Ibi bishobora kumenya ijwi ryo hasi cyane ushobora kumva mu majwi atandukanye.
• `(Audiometry y'imvugo)`: Ibi bipima uburyo ushobora kumenya amagambo neza n'amagambo atuje cyane ushobora gusubiramo.
• Ibizamini byo gupima imiterere y'amajwi: Ibizamini nk'ikizamini cya Rinne n'ikizamini cya Weber bishobora gufasha kumenya niba ufite ikibazo cyo kutumva gishingiye ku bushobozi bwo kutumva cyangwa ubundi bwoko bw'ikibazo cyo kutumva, cyitwa ikibazo cyo kutumva gishingiye ku bushobozi bwo kumva.
• Tympanometry: Iyi niyo ipima uburyo ingoma y'amatwi yawe yimuka kandi igasubiza amajwi.

Uretse ibi bizamini byo kumva, muganga ashobora no gukenera gukora ibi bikurikira:

• Isuzuma ry'imitsi yo mu mutwe
• Isuzuma ry'umutwe n'ijosi
• Isuzuma nka `(MRI (magnetic resonance imaging))` cyangwa `(CT scan (computed tomography scan))`.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura `(Indwara yo Kubura Ubushobozi bwo Kumva)`?

Uburyo bwo kuvura bushobora guterwa n'impamvu yateye ikibazo cyo kutumva kwawe. Bitewe n'uburwayi bwawe, ikibazo cyo kutumva giterwa n'imitsi gishobora kuvurwa muri ubu buryo bukurikira:

• Gukurikirana mu buryo bwimbitse: Hari igihe muganga wawe ashobora kubanza kukugira inama yo "gutegereza witonze." Ibi bivuze ko azakurikirana kumva kwawe igihe runaka. Niba kumva kwawe kurushijeho kuba kubi, bazategura gahunda yo kugufasha.
• Ibikoresho byo kumva: Ibikoresho byo kumva n'ibindi bikoresho bisa nabyo bishobora kugufasha kumva neza binyuze mu kongera ijwi no kurihindura.
• Imiti: Niba ugutakaza ubushobozi bwo kumva kwawe gutewe n'ubwandu, ushobora gukenera gufata imiti. Muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira ibinini mu buryo bw'ibitonyanga byo mu matwi cyangwa ibinini.
• Kubagwa: Niba ikibyimba, ikibyimba, cyangwa ikindi gikurura bibuza amajwi kugera mu gutwi imbere, bishobora kuba ngombwa kubagwa kugira ngo bivanweho. Bishobora kandi kubagwa kugira ngo hakorwe amagufwa mato yangiritse (ossicles) mu gutwi.

Igikuru ni uko hari uburyo bwo kuvura iyi ndwara. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane gushaka inama kwa muganga nta guhangayika.

Ejo hazaza h'abafite `(Conductive Utumva Loss)` ni he? (Outlook)

Iyi ndwara ikunze kumera neza iyo umuntu avuwe. Gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kumva bishobora gukira, cyangwa byibuze bigakira neza cyane, hakoreshejwe imiti, ibikoresho by'ubuhanga bwo kumva, cyangwa kubagwa.

Ese gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kumva hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga bishobora kwirindwa?

Gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kumva bujyanye n'imitsi ntibishobora kwirindwa buri gihe, cyane cyane iyo biterwa n'imikurire idasanzwe y'amagufwa y'ugutwi cyangwa ikibazo cy'imiterere y'ugutwi. Ariko, ushobora gukora ibi bikurikira kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago byo kurwara:

• Ntugashyire ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose mu gutwi. Ndetse n'udupira tw'ipamba ntabwo ari byiza.
• Niba urwaye indwara yo mu matwi, shaka ubufasha bwihuse.
• Jya kwa muganga buri gihe kandi ugenzure uburyo amatwi yawe ahagaze.

Ni ryari ngomba kujya kwa muganga?

Niba ufite kimwe muri ibi, bwira muganga ako kanya :

• Niba kumva kwawe kugenda kumera nabi buhoro buhoro .
• Niba uhita utakaza amatwi (cyane cyane mu gutwi kumwe).
• Uretse ibibazo byo kumva, iyo hari ibindi bimenyetso nko kubabara mu matwi, kuribwa umutwe, gucika intege no gucika intege .

Ni ibihe bibazo ngomba kubaza muganga wanjye?

Niba ufite `(Conductive Hearing Loss)`, ni byiza kubaza muganga wawe ibibazo nk'ibi:

• "Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ubuvuzi nkeneye?"
• "Ni ibihe bisubizo nshobora kwitega muri ubu buvuzi?"
• "Nzagaruka kangahe kugira ngo nkurikirane?"
• "Ese kumva kwanjye gushobora kuzarushaho kuba kubi uko igihe kigenda gihita?"
• "Ni izihe zindi mfashanyigisho usaba?"

Kubura Ubushobozi bwo Kumva mu Muyoboro w'Amatwi bishobora gutuma ubuzima bugorana gato. Bishobora kumvikana nk'aho indirimbo ukunda cyangwa urusaku rw'inyoni ziririmba hanze ruri kugenda rushira buhoro buhoro. Ni ibisanzwe kumva ubabaye, ufite ubwoba, urakaye, kandi ubabaye kubera ibi. Ariko hari inkuru nziza: Kubura Ubushobozi bwo Kumva mu Muyoboro w'Amatwi akenshi bishobora gukira hakoreshejwe imiti. Uko umenya vuba icyabiteye, ni ko amahirwe yawe yo kongera kumva arushaho kwiyongera. Niba utekereza ko wowe cyangwa umwana wawe mushobora kugira ikibazo cyo kubura Ubushobozi bwo Kumva mu Muyoboro w'Amatwi, jya kwa muganga ako kanya.

Ibintu by'ingenzi cyane ugomba kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Noneho rero usobanukiwe neza icyo twaganiriyeho uyu munsi, "(Indwara yo kumva igendanwa)". Dore ibintu by'ingenzi ugomba kwibuka:

• Gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kumva bukoresha amashanyarazi ni igihe amajwi abujijwe kugera imbere mu gutwi.
• Impamvu nyinshi zishobora kugira ingaruka kuri ibi, nko gushyushya mu matwi, kwandura indwara, ikintu kijya mu gutwi, n'ibibazo ku miterere y'ugutwi.
• Ibi bikunze kugaragara cyane mu bana bato, ariko bishobora no kugaragara no mu bantu bakuru.
• Niba wumva urimo kumva nabi, kubabara cyangwa umuvuduko mu matwi yawe, ntubyirengagize.
• Icy'ingenzi ni uko hari uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura iyi ndwara. Iyo ugiye kwa muganga vuba, akenshi ushobora gukira burundu.
• Ntugashyire ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose mu gutwi kwawe mu gihe uhasukura. Niba ugize ikibazo cyo kwandura mu matwi, shaka ubufasha bwihuse.

Amatwi yawe ni ay'agaciro cyane, bityo uyafate neza. Niba ufite gushidikanya ku kintu runaka, ntutinde kujya kwa muganga.

` igihombo cyo kumva gitera imbaraga, igihombo cyo kumva, indwara z'amatwi, ibikoresho by'uburinzi bw'amatwi, igihombo cy'amatwi, indwara z'amatwi, ibikoresho by'uburinzi bw'amatwi