Hari ubwoko bungana iki bwa virusi ziba mu mibiri yacu tutabizi? Virusi ya JC ni imwe muri zo. Mu by'ukuri, iyi virusi iba mu mibiri y'abantu barenga kimwe cya kabiri cy'abantu bakuru ku isi. Ariko igitangaje ni uko nta ngaruka cyangwa ngo itere abantu benshi ikibazo. Rero, uyu munsi turaganira birambuye ku byo iyi virusi ari byo, igihe ibaye ikibazo, n'uko twagombye gutinya.
Mu by'ukuri virusi ya JC ni iki?
Muri make, virusi ya JC ni virusi ikunze kugaragara cyane. Yavumbuwe bwa mbere mu 1971. Umuganga yavumbuye iyi virusi mu bwonko bw'umugabo urwaye kanseri yitwa Hodgkin's lymphoma. Iyi virusi yitiriwe izina ry'umurwayi (John Cunningham).
Ariko abahanga ntibaramenya neza uburyo yandura iva ku muntu ijya ku wundi. Ariko, abantu benshi bizera ko virusi yinjira mu mibiri yacu tukiri bato binyuze mu mazi cyangwa ibiryo byanduye. Iyo imaze kwinjiramo, virusi ishobora kuguma mu nzira y'inkari, mu musemburo w'amagufwa, mu bwonko, cyangwa mu bwonko imyaka myinshi, nta kibazo itera. Kubera iyo mpamvu, abantu benshi ntibazi ko bafite iyo virusi.
None se ni nde uri mu kaga?
Dore ikintu cy'ingenzi. Igihe cyose ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwawe bumeze neza kandi bukomeye, virusi ya JC ntabwo izagutera ikibazo. Ni nko gusinzira.
Ariko, iyo ku mpamvu runaka ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bw'umuntu bucitse intege cyane , iyo virusi idakora ihita ibyuka igatangira gukora.
Iyo virusi itangiye gukora muri ubu buryo, ishobora gutera indwara ikomeye cyane yo mu bwonko yitwa Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy , cyangwa PML .
PML ni iki?
Ibi byangiza igipfundikizo cy’uburinzi gikikije uturemangingo tw’imitsi . Ni nk’igipfundikizo cya pulasitiki ku nsinga z’amashanyarazi zishonga. Ibi bibangamira burundu inzira yo kohereza ubutumwa binyuze mu mitsi. Ibi bishobora gutera ubumuga buhoraho ndetse rimwe na rimwe n’urupfu .
Ingaruka zikomeye zo kurwara PML ni izi zikurikira:
- Ku barwayi ba virusi itera SIDA .
- Indwara ya Hodgkin), abantu bafite indwara za kanseri nka leukemia na lymphoma.
- Ku bantu bafite indwara nka Multiple Sclerosis (MS) , Rumatizime , cyangwa abafata ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bw'imiti igabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri nyuma yo guterwa urugingo .
Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya PML?
Ibi bimenyetso akenshi bitangira vuba kandi bikarushaho kwiyongera uko igihe kigenda gihita. Ibimenyetso bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'agace k'ubwonko kangiritse. Ariko, ibi ni byo bimenyetso bikunze kugaragara.
| Ibimenyetso | Ibisobanuro |
|---|---|
| Ubuswa | Ibintu nko kugorwa no gukora ibintu, gusitara iyo ugenda, no kugwa ukava mu maboko. |
| Intege nke zirushaho kwiyongera | Intege nke mu kuboko, ku kuguru, cyangwa ku ruhande rumwe rw'umubiri zigenda ziyongera buhoro buhoro. |
| Impinduka mu miterere y'umuntu | Impinduka nko kurakara giturumbuka, guhungabana, no gutakaza kwibuka. |
| Ikibazo cyo kuvuga | Amagambo arahindagurika, kandi sinshobora kuvuga neza icyo nshaka kuvuga. |
| Ibibazo byo kutabona neza | Kubona ibintu biba bidafite ishingiro, ndetse n'ibibazo nko kubona ibintu bibiri icyarimwe. |
Ni gute wasuzuma ibi neza neza?
Ubwa mbere, ushobora kwipimisha kugira ngo urebe niba ufite virusi ya JC. Ibi bikubiyemo gupimwa amaraso cyangwa gupimwa ingingo . Ibi ni ingenzi cyane cyane niba ufata imiti igabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wawe .
Ariko, niba muganga wawe akeka ko ufite PML, uburyo bwo gupima buratandukanye.
1. Gupima MRI: Ikizamini cya mbere uzakora ni ugupima MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) . Ibi bikoresha magneti zikomeye n'imiraba ya radiyo kugira ngo bifate amashusho arambuye y'ubwonko bwawe kandi birebe imiterere mu ngirabuzimafatizo z'ubwonko zisanzwe kuri PML.
2. Gufata umugongo: Hanyuma, muganga wawe ashobora gufata icyemezo cyo gukata umugongo (gutobora umugongo) . Ntugahangayike, ibi bisaba gufata urushinge ruto no gufata amazi make yo mu mugongo wo hasi. Aya mazi apimwa kugira ngo harebwe niba hari virusi ya JC. Iyo virusi ya JC ibonetse muri aya mazi, byemeza ko hari PML.
3. Isuzuma ry'ubwonko: Niba ibipimo byavuzwe haruguru bitarasobanuka neza, hashobora kuba ngombwa ko hafatwa agace gato k'umubiri wo mu bwonko kugira ngo gapimwe (biopsy).
Isano iri hagati y'imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara zimwe na zimwe na virusi ya JC
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) n'indwara ya Crohn
Imiti imwe n'imwe ikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara nka Multiple Sclerosis (MS) na Crohn's Disease (urugero, Natalizumab, Dimethyl fumarate, Fingolimod, Ocrelizumab ) byagaragaye ko ifitanye isano na PML.
Kubwibyo, mbere yo gutangira ubwoko bw'imiti, muganga wawe azagupima kugira ngo arebe niba ufite virusi ya JC. Ushobora kuba ushobora gufata uyu muti nubwo waba ufite virusi, ariko ugomba kuganira na muganga wawe ku ngaruka n'inyungu zawo mbere yo gufata icyemezo.
VIH/SIDA
Imiti imwe n'imwe igezweho ihabwa abantu bafite ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA ifasha mu gukomeza ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri. Ibi byafashije cyane mu gukumira ikwirakwira rya PML riturutse kuri virusi ya JC. Kubera iyo mpamvu, umubare w'abarwayi ba virusi itera SIDA waragabanutse cyane mu myaka ya vuba aha.
Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura PML?
Kugeza ubu, nta muti wihariye wemejwe wo kuvura burundu PML, kandi abahanga mu bya siyansi baracyakora ubushakashatsi kuri ibi.
Uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura buhari ubu ni ugufasha ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri kurwanya virusi ubwayo binyuze mu kuyubaka. Urugero, niba umuntu afata umuti ugabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, muganga we ashobora gufata icyemezo cyo guhagarika cyangwa guhindura uwo muti.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Virusi ya JC ni virusi ikunze kugaragara cyane kandi nta ngaruka mbi itera abantu benshi. Ntukayitinye bitari ngombwa.
- Ingaruka nyazo zikomoka kuri ibi ni ku bantu bafite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri budakomeye cyane, bashobora kwandura indwara ikomeye yo mu bwonko yitwa PML.
- Niba ubonye ibimenyetso nko kugira intege nke zidasanzwe, kugorwa no kugenda cyangwa kuvuga, cyangwa guhinduka mu buryo butunguranye mu miterere y'umubiri, cyane cyane niba ufata imiti igabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, hita ubonana na muganga wawe.
- Mbere yo gutangira imiti imwe n'imwe ivura indwara nka MS na Crohn's, banza uganire na muganga wawe ku bijyanye n'ibyago byo kwandura JC virus na PML.
- Niba ufite ikibazo cyangwa gushidikanya kuri ibi, ikintu cyiza wakora ni ukuganira na muganga wawe neza kandi akabimenyeshwa.
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