Amaso yacu ameze nk'amadirishya abiri afungukira isi, si byo se? Ariko rimwe na rimwe aya madirishya abiri atangira kuba adasobanutse neza. Bitewe n'impanuka, kwandura, cyangwa indwara zimwe na zimwe, ururenda rugufi kandi rugaragara imbere y'ijisho ryacu rushobora kwangirika. Iki gice, gikora nk'indorerwamo ya kamera, cyitwa 'cornea'. Iyo iyi cornea yangiritse, kureba kwacu gushobora kubura burundu. Uyu munsi rero tugiye kuvuga kuri 'Cornea Transplant', ikuraho cornea yangiritse nk'iyo hanyuma igashyira cornea nzima mu mwanya wayo, bigatuma abantu benshi bongera kubona isi neza.
Mu magambo make, guterwa cornea ni iki?
Gutera cornea byitwa kandi 'kubaga cornea'. Bizwi kandi ngo "Keratoplasty" mu Cyongereza. Ibiba muri ibi biroroshye cyane. Imboni yawe yangiritse kandi irwaye ikurwaho neza na muganga w'amaso. Hanyuma, igice cy'imboni cyuzuye gitangwa n'umuntu wapfuye gishyirwa mu mwanya wacyo.
Ni nko gukuraho ikirahure cy'isaha gishaje, cyashwanyaguritse ukagisimbuza gishya. Nyuma yo kubagwa, urumuri ruzatangira kwinjira mu jisho ryawe neza, kandi kureba kwawe mu buryo butagaragara neza. Uku kubagwa koko ni igikorwa cyahinduye ubuzima.
Ni nde ukwiye kubagwa?
Hari ibihe byinshi muganga wawe w'amaso ashobora kukugira inama yo kubagwa. Si buri wese ubikeneye. Ahanini byitabwaho niba cornea yangiritse kandi bikagira ingaruka zikomeye ku buryo ubona.
Dore zimwe mu mpamvu z'ingenzi:
- Fuchs' dystrophy: Iyi ni indwara iterwa na genetiki. Uturemangingo two mu gice cy'imbere cya cornea turangirika buhoro buhoro. Ibi bituma cornea ibyimba kandi ikagira ikibazo cyo kutabona neza.
- Keratoconus: Muri iki kibazo, cornea iragabanuka ikanabyimba imbere mu buryo bwa cone. Ibi bitera kugorama gukabije mu kureba.
- Ibisebe byo mu jisho: Indwara zikomeye zishobora gutera ibisebe (ibisebe) ku jisho. Nubwo ibyo bisebe byakira, bishobora gusiga inkovu no kwangiza icyerekezo burundu.
- Gukomereka mu buryo butunguranye: Iyo ikintu gikubise ijisho, ikintu gityaye kiraryinjiramo kikangiza cornea.
- Kwangirika kw'amaso mbere: Hari igihe cornea ishobora kwangirika nyuma y'ubundi bubagwa, nko gukuraho cataract.
- Bullous keratopathy: Iyi ni indwara aho cornea ibyimba kandi udusebe tukavuka hejuru. Ibi bishobora gutera ububabare bw'amaso no kutabona neza.
Niba ufite iyi ndwara, muganga wawe ni we uzagusuzuma maze agafata icyemezo cyiza ku bijyanye no kuba ukeneye guterwa cornea cyangwa utakeneye kuyitera.
Ese hari ubwoko butandukanye bw'ubu buryo bwo kubaga?
Yego rwose. Bitandukanye n'igihe cyashize, ikoranabuhanga ryateye imbere ku buryo ushobora guhitamo uburyo bwiza bwo kubaga bitewe n'ingano y'ibyangiritse kuri cornea yawe. Imboni yacu ifite ibice bitatu by'ingenzi by'imitsi. Ubwoko bw'ubuganga buterwa n'ubwoko bw'ibi bice buri kuvurwa.
Reba aya makuru. Hanyuma ushobora kubona igitekerezo cyiza kuri ibi.
| Ubwoko bw'ukubaga | Ni iki kiri kuba gusa? |
|---|---|
| Gutera cornea ifite ubunini bwuzuye (Penetrating Keratoplasty - PK) | Ubu ni bwo buryo gakondo. Aha ngaha, ubunini bwose bwa cornea, ni ukuvuga ibice bitatu byose, burakurwaho, cornea nzima ifite ingano imwe iraterwa, kandi igakosorwa hakoreshejwe imidomo mito. |
| Imbere y'Ibumoso Ifite Imbere Keratoplasty (DALK) | Niba urwego rw'imbere rw'ijisho ryawe rumeze neza, ubu buryo bwo kubaga bushobora gukorwa. Muri ubu buryo, urwego rwo hanze n'urwo hagati rwangiritse ni byo bikurwaho hanyuma ingingo nzima zigaterwa mu mwanya wazo. Kubera ko urwego rwawe rw'imbere rusigara, ibyago byo kwangwa n'umubiri wawe biragabanuka. |
| Endothelial Keratoplasty (DSAEK/DMEK) | Iyo ibyangiritse ari urwego rw'imbere rwa cornea (endothelium), ubu buryo bwo kubaga bukorwa. Aha, urwego rworoshye rwangiritse nirwo rukurwaho hanyuma urwego ruzima rugaterwa mu mwanya warwo. Ibi bisaba kudoda bike cyane. |
Umwihariko wo gutera endothelium
Mu kubaga `DSAEK` na `DMEK`, abaganga bakoresha amayeri make kugira ngo bafate agahu gashya katewe mu jisho. Ni ukuvuga ko bashyiramo agahu k'umwuka mu jisho. Tekereza, nk'iyo dushyize icyapa ku rukuta tukagafata akanya gato, aka gahu k'umwuka gasunika agahu gashya kavuye imbere mu jisho. Hanyuma kagafata kagakomeza.
Kubera iyo mpamvu, muganga akugira inama yo kuryama ureba hejuru uko bishoboka kose mu minsi mike nyuma yo kubagwa. Ibi bizatuma umwuka uhumeka uhagarara neza kandi ukore akazi kawo neza.
Witegura ute mbere yo kubagwa?
Hari imyiteguro mike mbere yo kubagwa. Ni ngombwa cyane kumenya ibi bintu mbere y'igihe.
- Kuganira na muganga: Muganga wawe azabaza amateka yawe yose y’uburwayi. Vuga ukuri ku ndwara zose ufite, imiti ufata, na aleriji.
- Guhagarika imiti: Hari igihe ushobora gusabwa guhagarika gufata imiti imwe n'imwe, nko kugabanya amaraso, iminsi mike mbere yo kubagwa. Buri gihe kora ibi nk'uko muganga wawe yabigutegetse.
- Kwiyiriza ubusa: Uzabwirwa amasaha ugomba kwiyiriza ubusa mbere yo kubagwa. Nyuma y'icyo gihe, ntukarye cyangwa ngo unywe ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose.
- Ubwikorezi: Ntuzashobora kwitwara ubwawe nyuma yo kubagwa, bityo rero tegura mbere y'igihe kugira ngo umuntu agutware mu rugo.
Ni iki wakwitega nyuma yo kubagwa?
Ubusanzwe kubagwa bifata igihe kitarenze amasaha abiri. Hanyuma uzajyanwa mu cyumba cy’indembe hanyuma wemererwe gutaha nyuma gato. Uzakenera kwita kuri ibi bintu by’umwihariko nyuma yo gutaha.
- Agapira k'amaso: Uramutse uvuye kwa muganga, uzahabwa agapira k'amaso. Ugomba kukambara neza neza iminsi muganga akubwira. Ibi bizarinda amaso yawe.
- Ububabare n'ububabare: Mu minsi mike ya mbere, amaso yawe ashobora kuba atukura gato, asharira, kandi akaba yumva urumuri. Ibi ni ibisanzwe. Ushobora gufata imiti igabanya ububabare yandikiwe na muganga wawe.
- Gukurikirana: Muganga azashaka kongera kukubona mu masaha 24-48 nyuma yo kubagwa. Aho ngaho, agace kazakurwaho hanyuma ijisho rikagenzurwa ko ryakize.
- Ibitonyanga by'amaso: Ushobora guhabwa ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibitonyanga by'amaso kugira ngo bifashe ijisho ryawe gukira. Ibi birimo imiti igabanya ubukana bw'indwara, na corticosteroids kugira ngo igabanye kubyimba no kubuza umubiri kwanga cornea yatewe. Ni ngombwa cyane gukoresha iyi miti ku gihe kandi mu gihe cyose cyagenwe .
- Ibintu ugomba kwirinda: Irinde imirimo ivunanye, nko guterura ibintu biremereye, kunama, nibindi bishobora gutera umunaniro mu maso. Irinde ibyago byose byo kwandura ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose mu jisho ryawe.
- Ntukikosore amaso yawe: ku mpamvu iyo ari yo yoseNtugakore cyangwa ngo ukandagire ijisho ryawe. Kubikora bishobora kubangamira gukira no kwangiza cornea yatewe.
Ni izihe nyungu n'ingaruka z'ubu buvuzi?
Nk’uko bigenda mu kubagwa kose, gutera cornea bifite ibyiza ndetse n’ingaruka zimwe na zimwe.
Ibyiza by'ingenzi
Inyungu nyamukuru ni ukugarura ubushobozi bwo kureba neza . Abantu benshi bashobora kongera gukora imirimo yabo ya buri munsi, nko gusoma no kureba televiziyo, nyuma y'uku kubagwa. Kuri bamwe, uku kubagwa binafasha kugabanya ububabare bw'amaso.
Ingorane zishoboka
Ingaruka zikomeye kandi zikomeye zo guterwa cornea ni ukwanga ingingo.
Ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wacu bumeze nk'ingabo mu gihugu. Butekereza ko ikintu cyose giturutse hanze ari umwanzi maze bukakirwanya. Hari ubwo rero, umubiri wacu utekereza ko iyi cornea nshya yatewe nayo ari 'umunyamahanga' maze igatangira kuyirwanya. Ibi nibyo twita kwangwa.
Kugira ngo ugabanye ibi byago, ugomba gukoresha ibitonyanga by'amaso igihe kirekire.
Byongeye kandi, izindi ngorane zishobora kubaho zirimo:
- Ubwandu bw'amaso
- Kuva amaraso
- Ubwiyongere bw'umuvuduko w'amaso (Glaucoma)
- Amazi ava mu mboni yatewe
- Retina idafatanye
- Ibibazo byo kutabona biterwa no kugorama kudasanzwe kw'ijisho ry'umuyoboro w'amaso (Astigmatism)
Ni ibihe bimenyetso bigaragara iyo umubiri wanze cornea?
Iki ni cyo gice cy'ingenzi ugomba kwibuka . Niba umubiri wawe wanze cornea yawe yatewe, kumenya ibimenyetso no kuvurwa hakiri kare bishobora kugufasha kurokora amaso yawe. Ibuka ibi bimenyetso:
- Ububabare bw'amaso: Gutangira ububabare bushya.
- Gutukura: Ijisho rirushaho gutukura kurusha uko bisanzwe.
- Kureba nabi: Kureba nabi byongeye kuba urujijo.
- Kumva umucyo umeze nabi: Kumva umerewe nabi cyane ku buryo utabasha kureba urumuri.
Niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, hamagara umuganga w'amaso ako kanya. Ntugatinde. Niba ubuvuzi butangiye hakiri kare, birashoboka cyane guhindura iyi gahunda yo kwanga.
Bifata igihe kingana iki kugira ngo umuntu akire neza?
Igihe bizatwara kugira ngo ibi bibeho kizatandukana bitewe n'ubwoko bw'ikibagwa wakorewe.
- Iyo habayeho gutera intanga mu buryo bwuzuye (PK) , bizatwara amezi agera kuri 12 kugira ngo wongere kubona neza.Urashobora kugenda. Kuko n'imiti irakurwaho nyuma y'igihe runaka.
- Iyo habayeho gutera endothelium (DMEK/DSAEK) , umuntu ashobora kubona neza mu gihe cy'amezi atatu gusa .
Ni byiza kuganira na muganga wawe ku bintu nko gutwara imodoka no kujya ku kazi, hanyuma ugafata icyemezo ukurikije inama ze.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Gutera cornea ni ugusimbuza cornea yangiritse n'iy'ubuzima busanzwe. Ibi bishobora kugarura ubushobozi bwo kutabona neza.
- Umuganga w'amaso wawe azaguhitiramo ubwoko bw'ubuvuzi bukubereye.
- Gukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga nyuma yo kubagwa, cyane cyane ikoreshwa ry'ibitonyanga mu maso, ni ingenzi kugira ngo igikorwa cyo kubagwa kigende neza.
- Buri gihe menya ibimenyetso by'uko wanze, nko kubabara mu maso, gutukura, kutabona neza buri gihe, cyangwa kumva urumuri. Nubona kimwe muri ibi, bwira muganga wawe vuba.
- Bifata igihe kugira ngo umuntu akire neza, bityo rero ni ngombwa kwihangana no gukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga.
💬 Comments (0)
Kwipimisha kanseri y'ibere, kwisuzuma no kwirinda byakozwe byoroshye. Kanseri y'ibihaha
Ishyirireho intego ya calorie hanyuma ubare itariki yo kugabanya ibiro.