Ese hari ikibazo kiri kuri cornea yawe? Reka twige ibijyanye no kugabanuka k'ubwonko!

Ese amaso yawe yumva adasobanutse? Hari igihe uhura n'ingorane zo kureba urumuri? Cyangwa uhora wumva ufite ikibazo mu maso yawe? Ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso by'indwara ifitanye isano n'imboni y'ijisho. Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga kuri imwe muri izo ndwara, "Corneal Dystrophy". Ntugahangayike, tuzabivugaho mu buryo bworoshye, mu buryo ushobora kumva.

Corneal Dystrophy ni iki?

Mu magambo make, corneal dystrophy ni ijambo rusange risobanura itsinda ry'indwara zigira ingaruka ku mboni , igice cy'ijisho ryawe kigaragara. Hari ubwoko burenga 20 bw'indwara muri iki cyiciro. Ubwo bwoko bwa dystrophy bushobora gutera impinduka cyangwa kwangiza ingingo za cornea. Ni nko kugira utudomo duto cyangwa imirongo ku kirahure kiboneye udashobora kubona neza iyo ugirebye . Iyo iki cyangiritse gikomeye, ushobora kugira impinduka mu kureba kwawe ndetse no kutabona neza.

Igikuru ni uko izi ndwara zo mu bwonko ari indwara ziterwa n’imiterere y’uturemangingo . Ni ukuvuga ko ziterwa n’impinduka muri ADN yacu. Hari impinduka ushobora kuragwa n’ababyeyi bawe. Hari izindi zishobora kubaho mu buryo butunguranye, mu buryo butunguranye. Hari ubwoko bw’indwara bubaho bitewe n’impamvu abahanga batarasobanukirwa neza.

Ese hari ubwoko bwa corneal dystrophy?

Yego, bishyirwa mu byiciro hakurikijwe uburyo bigira ingaruka ku bice bitandukanye bya cornea. Ahanini ni ibi bikurikira:

• Izigira ingaruka ku bice byo hanze bya cornea (epithelial na subepithelial).
• Izigira ingaruka ku bice byo hanze n'ibyo hagati bya cornea (Epithelial-stromal).
• Izigira ingaruka ku gice cyo hagati cya cornea (Stromal).
• Ibyo bigira ingaruka ku gice cy'imbere cya cornea (endothelial).

Noneho reka turebe buri bwoko muri ubu buryo mu buryo burambuye.

Kugabanuka kw'ishusho y'ishusho y'imbere n'iy'imbere mu jisho

Izi ni indwara zigira ingaruka ku bice byo hejuru bya cornea. Ingero zimwe ni izi:

• Kugabanuka k'ururabo rw'imbere mu jisho (epithelial basement membrane dystrophy)
• Kugabanuka kw'isuri isubira inyuma mu miyoboro y'amazi (hari n'ubwoko butatu bw'ibyiciro)
• Kugabanuka kw'ibinure nk'ibitonyanga bya gelatinous
• Kurwara kwa Lisch epithelial
• Meesmann dystrophy
• Kurwara kwa mucinous mucinous mu ruhu rwo mu mpungenge z'imbere mu ruhu

Inyinshi muri izi dystrophy zigaragara mu bwana . Ariko, epithelial basement membrane dystrophy akenshi (nubwo atari buri gihe) igaragara mu bantu bakuru. Indi ni gelatinous drop-like corneal dystrophy.Ibi bishobora kubaho mu myaka iyo ari yo yose mbere y'imyaka 20.

Kugabanuka kwa epithelial-stromal

Ibi bigira ingaruka ku gice cyo hanze cy'inyuma cy'umuyoboro w'amaraso ndetse no ku gice cyo hagati kiri munsi yawo.

• Kurwara kw'ijisho ry'umugongo (ubwoko bwa 1 na 2)
• Kugabanuka k'ubwonko bwa Lattice (ibi bifite ubwoko butandukanye n'ubwoko butandukanye)
• Indwara ya Reis-Bückler yo mu bwoko bwa dystrophy
• Kurwara kwa Thiel-Behnke

Izi ndwara zose zishobora kubaho cyane mu bwana . Lattice corneal dystrophy type 1 ishobora kubaho umuntu afite imyaka 20.

Indwara ya Stromal dystrophies

Ibi bigira ingaruka cyane cyane ku gice cyo hagati cy’inyuma cy’ijisho.

• Kurwara kwa macular
• Dystrophy ya Schneider crystalline
• Indwara yo mu bwoko bwa Congenital hereditary stromal dystrophy
• Fleck dystrophy
• Indwara yo mu gice cyo hagati cy'inyuma
• Kurwara kwa Pre-Descemet
• Indwara ya François yo mu bicu byo hagati

Ubusanzwe indwara ya stromal dystrophy ifata abana . Ariko, ebyiri muri zo zishobora kugaragara uko ugenda ukura. Schneider cornea dystrophy ishobora kugaragara kugeza ku myaka 30, naho mbere ya Descemet cornea dystrophy igaragara nyuma y'imyaka 30.

Kugabanuka kw'ishusho y'ishusho y'umugongo mu gihe cy'inyuma

Izi ni indwara zigira ingaruka ku gice cyoroshye cyane kiri imbere mu mboni.

• Kurwara indwara ya Fuchs endothelial
• Indwara ya posterior polymorphous dystrophy
• Kurwara kw'impeta zo mu nda (endothelial dystrophy) mu gihe cy'amavuko
• Kugabanuka k'amaraso mu nda (endothelial dystrophy) ku ruhu rw'imitsi (X-linked endothelial dystrophy)

Muri corneal dystrophy zose, Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy ni yo ikunze kugaragara cyane , ikaba ingana na 39% by'impinduka zose za corneal transplants zakorewe muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya cornea dystrophy?

Ibimenyetso bya cornea dystrophy biratandukanye bitewe n'ubwoko bw'indwara ufite. Hari abantu bashobora kutagira ibimenyetso na gato . Iyo ibimenyetso bigaragaye, akenshi bigira ingaruka ku maso yombi kandi bigagenda birushaho kwiyongera uko igihe kigenda gihita.

Tekereza ko cornea yawe imeze nk'ikirahure gifite ishusho nziza, gisobanutse neza, kandi kitagira inenge. Ariko indwara ya cornea ishobora guhindura ibyo. Muri izi ndwara nyinshi, ingingo nshya zikurira kuri cornea, cyangwa zikiyongera ahantu zitagomba kwiyubaka. Hanyuma, aho kureba mu kirahure gisobanutse neza, ni nko kureba mu kirahure gishaje, gifite inenge kandi cyahumye. Biragoye kubibona , si byo se?

Mu buryo nk'ubwo, kubaho cyangwa kwibumbira hamwe kw'ingingo nshya bituma bigorana kubona mu bice byafashwe n'imboni. Niyo mpamvu abantu bafite ikibazo cyo kutabona neza cyangwa kubona nabi mu maso.

Ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara ni ibi bikurikira:

• Kubura ubushobozi bwo kubona: Ibi bibaho iyo ubuso bw'ijisho ry'amaso buhindutse cyangwa budakira neza. Ibi bivuze ko amaso yawe adasobanutse neza nubwo waba wambaye indorerwamo cyangwa indorerwamo z'amaso.
• Umucyo wo mu maso: Ibi bishobora gutuma amaso yawe asa n'aho ari ibicu. Ibi akenshi biba ingaruka zikomoka ku kwangirika cyangwa impinduka ku maso.
• Ibyumviro by'umubiri w'amahanga: Ukumva nk'aho hari ikintu cyafatiwe mu jisho , ariko iyo urebye, nta kintu na kimwe ubona.
• Ububabare bw'amaso cyangwa ububabare bw'amaso: Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kugaragara cyane iyo ukangutse umaze igihe kirekire ufunze, urugero iyo ukangutse mu gitondo.
• Ubushobozi bwo kumva urumuri (Photophobia): Ibi bivuze ko urumuri rwinshi rudashobora kwihanganira kandi rushobora gutera ububabare cyangwa kubabara.
• Amaso afite amazi (Epiphora): Niba amaso yawe yumva yumye, ibi bishobora kuba biterwa nuko amarira yawe arimo kugerageza kongera kurira kugira ngo asubizwemo.
• Nystagmus: Ingendo zihuse z'amaso ziva ku ruhande rumwe zijya ku rundi cyangwa mu buryo bwo kuzenguruka.

Ni iki gitera indwara yo kubura kw'ijisho ry'umugongo (cornea dystrophy)?

Buri bwoko butandukanye bwa cornea dystrophy bufitanye isano n'ibintu bigize imiterere y'umubiri . Ibi bishobora kuba impinduka "de novo" (bivuze ko bibaho mu buryo butunguranye mu mubiri wawe) cyangwa bishobora kuragwa n'umwe mu babyeyi bawe cyangwa bombi.

Hari ubwoko bumwe bw'impinduka zarazwe busaba kopi imwe gusa ya gene ivuye ku mubyeyi umwe. Hari ubundi bwoko bw'impinduka zisaba kopi ebyiri za gene yahinduwe, imwe ivuye kuri buri mubyeyi. Nanone, haracyariho ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa cornea dystrophy, kandi hakenewe ubushakashatsi bwimbitse kugira ngo hamenyekane neza itandukaniro ryihariye rya gene ribitera.

Ni nde uri mu kaga gakomeye ko kugira iyi ndwara?

Inyinshi mu ndwara zo mu maso ziterwa n'uruhu ntizigira ingaruka ku bantu mu buryo butandukanye bitewe n'ubwoko cyangwa igitsina. Itandukaniro ni Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy.Hari ibintu byinshi byihariye bishobora gutera ingaruka mbi:

• Ubwoko: Abazungu ni bo bafite amahirwe menshi yo kubuteza imbere.
• Imyaka: Abantu barengeje imyaka 30 ni bo bafite amahirwe menshi yo kuyirwara.
• Igitsina: Abagore bafite amahirwe menshi yo kubyibasira.

Ni izihe ngorane zishobora guterwa no kurwara kw'ijisho ry'umugongo (corneal dystrophy)?

Izi ndwara, zigwa mu gice cy’inyuma cya cornea dystrophy, zigira ingaruka ku buryo urumuri runyura muri cornea yawe. Kubera iyo mpamvu, imiterere y’imboni yawe iragabanuka, bigatuma urumuri runyuramo rugabanuka. Ibi bivuze ko cornea dystrophy ishobora gutera ubuhumyi bukomeye , ariko ntibitera ubuhumyi bukabije .

Ariko, gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kureba cyane bishobora kuba ikibazo gikomeye. Bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bushobozi bwawe bwo gutwara imodoka, gusoma no gukora imirimo myinshi ya buri munsi.

Ni gute indwara ya cornea dystrophy ipimwa?

Inzobere mu by'amaso, yaba inzobere mu by'amaso cyangwa inzobere mu by'amaso, bashobora gusuzuma indwara ya cornea dystrophy. Bakoresha ibikoresho n'ubuhanga butandukanye kugira ngo babigereho. Igice cy'ingenzi ni ugusuzuma amaso , cyane cyane isuzuma ry'amatara . Isuzuma ry'amatara rikubiyemo kureba imbere mu jisho ryawe hakoreshejwe mikorosikopi yihariye. Ibi bituma abaganga babona impinduka cyangwa ibyangiritse bishobora kuba bifitanye isano na cornea dystrophy.

Ibindi bizamini muganga w'amaso ashobora gukoresha birimo:

• Imiterere y'imiterere y'inyuma y'uruti rw'umugongo: Ibi birema "ikarita" y'ubuso bw'inyuma y'uruti rw'umugongo. Bigaragaza niba hari uduce tw'ubuso bw'inyuma y'uruti rw'umugongo turi hejuru cyangwa hasi ugereranije n'uduce tuyikikije.
• Pachymetry: Ibi bipima ubunini bwa cornea yawe. Ibi bishobora gufasha kumenya ibibazo biri mu bice byimbitse bya cornea (nk'indwara ya endothelial dystrophy).
• Gupima imiterere y'uturemangingo: Ibi bikunze kuba bikubiyemo gufata icyitegererezo cy'amacandwe cyangwa amaraso yawe no gushaka impinduka runaka za ADN . Ibi bishobora gufasha kwemeza ubwoko bwihariye bwa cornea dystrophy ufite.
• Tomografia y'Ubushobozi bwo Guhuza Ishusho (OCT): Nubwo ibi bikunze gukoreshwa mu kureba retina yawe, iki kizamini gishobora no gutanga isuzuma ry'ingirakamaro ry'ishusho y ...
• Isuzuma ry'inyama zo mu bwoko bwa cornea: Inzobere mu by'amaso ishobora gufata icyitegererezo gito cy'umubiri wawe mu mboni yawe ikacyohereza muri laboratwari kugira ngo gipimwe. Inzobere mu by'indwara izasesengura icyitegererezo kugira ngo imenye niba ufite cornea dystrophy, niba ari yo, ubwoko bwayo. Iki kizamini ntabwo gikunze kugaragara cyane kuri cornea dystrophy, ariko gishobora gufasha mu gusuzuma.

Ibindi bizamini bishobora gukorwa bitewe n'ibimenyetso byawe n'ibindi bintu. Inzobere mu by'amaso ishobora kukubwira byinshi ku bindi bizamini ishobora kukugira inama.

Indwara yo kubura kw'ijisho ry'umugongo (cornea dystrophy) ivurwa ite?

Hari uburyo bwinshi bwo kuvura indwara ya cornea. Uburyo bwo kuyivura buterwa n'urwego rw'ishusho yafashwe n'uburemere bw'iyo ndwara.

Kubera ko uburyo bwo kuvura bushobora gutandukana, muganga wawe w'amaso ni we soko nziza y'amakuru yerekeye uburyo bwo kuvura. Bashobora kugusobanurira ibisobanuro birambuye ku buryo bwo kuvura, ingorane zishobora kubaho, ingaruka mbi, n'ibindi bisobanuro birambuye.

Dore bumwe mu buryo bw'ingenzi bwo kuvura:

Uburyo bwo kuvura hakoreshejwe utunyangingo

Ibi byibanda ku kuvura ibimenyetso n'ingaruka ku buso bw'imboni yawe. Ingero:

• Amavuta cyangwa amavuta yo kwisiga akoreshwa mu maso: Ibi bishobora kuvura ibimenyetso nko kubabara, kumva ikintu mu jisho, no kuma.
• Antibiyotike: Izi zishobora gufasha mu kwirinda kwandura niba cornea yawe yangiritse kandi ikaba ishobora kwandura mikorobe.
• Indorerwamo zidasanzwe zo mu maso: Kimwe n'indorerwamo zisanzwe zo mu maso, izi zo zirambara ku buso bwa cornea. Itandukaniro rikomeye ni uko zifasha cornea yawe gukira no gukumira kwangirika kurushaho.

Guca isura ya keratike (PTK)

Gukuraho ibice by'imboni hakoreshejwe icyuma gipima neza cyane cya laser. Inzobere mu by'amaso ishobora kwibasira no gukuraho neza ibice byangiritse.

Gutera cornea

Mu gihe impinduka cyangwa kwangirika kw'imboni yawe y'amaso bikabije ku buryo byagira ingaruka ku kureba kwawe, guterwa imboni y'amaso bishobora kuba amahitamo. Ubu buryo bwo kubaga burimo gusimbuza imboni y'amaso yawe imboni nshya iturutse ku muntu wapfuye wayitanze. Ibi bishobora kuba guterwa imboni yuzuye cyangwa igice cyayo.

Ni iki wakwitega niba ufite ikibazo cyo kubura kw'ijisho ry'umugongo (corneal dystrophy)?

Niba ufite ikibazo cyo kubura kw'ijisho ry'umugongo (cornea dystrophy), icyo ushobora kwitega gishobora kuba gitandukanye gato. Abantu benshi bafatwa n'imwe muri izi ndwara, akenshi mbere y'imyaka 20.

Ubusanzwe indwara ya corneal dystrophy ikomeza kwiyongera . Ibi bivuze ko ingaruka zayo ziyongera buhoro buhoro uko igihe kigenda gihita - akenshi mu myaka myinshi, rimwe na rimwe ndetse n'imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo. Hari abantu batangira kutagira ibimenyetso, bityo bashobora no kutamenya ko bafite imwe muri izi ndwara mu gihe cy'imyaka myinshi. Hari abantu batigeze bagira ibimenyetso cyangwa ibibazo na gato.

Kubera ko hari ibintu byinshi bitandukanye ushobora guhura nabyo, ni byiza kubaza muganga wawe w'amaso icyo wakwitega. Bashobora kukubwira ibishobora kukugirira akamaro kurusha ibindi.

Kurwara kw'ijisho ry'umugongo (corneal dystrophy) bimara igihe kingana iki?

Kurwara kw'ijisho ry'ijisho ni indwara z'ubuzima bwose . Uvukana na zo. Guteranya ijisho ry'ijisho bishobora "gukiza" izi ndwara, ariko ibyo si garanti. Abantu benshi bateranya ijisho ry'ijisho amaherezo bazarwara indwara mu ijisho ry'ijisho ryatewe. Ibyo nibibaho, hashobora gukenerwa ubundi buvuzi - ndetse no guteranya ijisho rya kabiri -.

Ni iki giteganyijwe kuri iki kibazo?

Indwara yo mu bwonko bw'umugongo ikunze gutera ubuhumyi mu rugero runaka, ariko ni gake cyane ko ubwo buhumyi bukomeza bukagera ku buhumyi bukabije (aho udashobora no kubona urumuri).

Niba waratewe cornea, uzahura n'ingorane nk'iz'abandi baterwa cornea. Uzakenera gufata imiti igabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri ubuzima bwawe bwose kugira ngo wirinde ko ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwawe bwibasira ingingo zatewe. Nanone, ndetse no mu miti igabanya ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, bishobora kwangwa .

Kubera ko hari ibintu byinshi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku miterere yawe, umuntu mwiza wo kubaza uko indwara yawe ihagaze ni umuganga w'amaso. Bashobora kuguha amakuru yihariye ajyanye n'imimerere yawe.

Ese indwara yo kubura kw'ijisho ry'umugongo ishobora kwirindwa?

Indwara ya corneal dystrophies ni indwara ziterwa n’uturemangingo , bivuze ko nta buryo bwo kuzikumira cyangwa kugabanya ibyago byo kuzirwara.

Niba mfite ikibazo cyo kubura kw'ijisho ry'umugongo (cornea dystrophy), nitwara nte?

Niba ufite ikibazo cyo kubura kw'amaso (cornea dystrophy), ugomba kujya kwa muganga w'amaso buri gihe, nk'uko byagusabye. Bashobora gukurikirana ikibazo cyawe, kureba impinduka mu ngirangingo z'amaso yawe, n'ibimenyetso byose urimo kubona. Bashobora kandi guhindura no kuvugurura gahunda yawe yo kuvura kugira ngo ikomeze kugira akamaro igihe kirekire gishoboka.

Niba inzobere mu by'amaso yawe ikwandikiye imiti, ugomba kuyikoresha neza uko byategetswe . Imiti ishobora gufasha kugabanya ibimenyetso by'izi ndwara cyangwa igatuma ihinduka ry'imibiri cyangwa kwangirika kw'ingingo.

Cyane cyane niba warigeze guterwa ubwoko ubwo aribwo bwose bw'inyama zo mu bwoko bwa cornea, ni ngombwa cyane gufata imiti yawe neza uko byategetswe. Kubikora bizafasha umubiri wawe kudahakana ingingo zatewe. Ibi bishobora gufasha kwirinda ingorane zikomeye ndetse no kutabona neza.

Ni ryari nkwiye kubonana n'umuganga w'amaso?

Uzagira gahunda yo gukurikirana buri gihe ku gihe giteganyijwe.Ugomba kubonana n'umuganga w'amaso wawe kugira ngo agufashe. Nanone, niba ubonye ibimenyetso cyangwa impinduka mu maso yawe, cyangwa niba umuti urimo gutera ingaruka mbi cyangwa usa n'aho udakora neza, ugomba kubiganiraho. Bazagerageza kugufasha gushaka ibisubizo by'ibibazo uhura na byo.

Ni ibihe bibazo ngomba kubaza umuganga w'amaso?

Ushobora kubaza umuganga w'amaso ibi bibazo:

• Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa corneal dystrophy mfite?
• Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura usaba?
• Ese hari ibimenyetso bisaba ubuvuzi bwihutirwa?
• Ni iki giteganijwe mu gihe kirekire ku ndwara yanjye?
• Ese hari icyo nakora kugira ngo nongere uko mbona ibintu?

Amaherezo, icyo kwibuka

Indwara z'amaso ziterwa n'amaso zikunze kugaragara ukiri muto . Niba wumva unaniwe cyane ugerageza gusobanukirwa izi ndwara, ntabwo uri wenyine. Hari ubwoko burenga makumyabiri butandukanye bwa cornea dystrophy. Ingaruka z'izi ndwara nazo zishobora gutandukana cyane.

Ariko ntabwo ari ngombwa kugerageza gusobanukirwa cyangwa gucunga indwara ya cornea wenyine. Muganga w'amaso ashobora kugufasha gusobanukirwa indwara yawe, ingaruka zayo, n'uburyo bwo kuyivura. Kandi, hamwe n'uburyo bwinshi bwo kuyivura, ufite amahirwe menshi yo gucunga indwara yawe no kugabanya ingaruka zayo ku buzima bwawe. Ntutinye, komeza ukomere, kandi ukurikize inama za muganga wawe.

` Corneal Dystrophy, cornea y'ijisho, indwara z'amaso zikomoka ku ngirabuzimafatizo, kutabona neza, kuvura amaso, gutera cornea, ubuzima bw'amaso