Ese wigeze wibaza uburyo iyo ufashwe n'ibicurane bikira mu minsi mike? Tutabizi, imibiri yacu ifite ubwirinzi butangaje, nk'ingabo, bukorera imbere muri twe kugira ngo buturinde indwara. Umutwe w'abasirikare bakomeye cyane muri ubu buryo witwa selile za T zihumanya ikirere. Uyu munsi, turaganira kuri izi ntwari nto.
Izi selile za T zitera uburozi ni izihe?
Mu magambo make, uturemangingo twa T duhumanya ni ubwoko bw'uturemangingo turi mu budahangarwa bw'umubiri wacu . Tumeze nk'abasirikare b'ingabo zidasanzwe mu ngabo z'igihugu cyacu. Akazi kabo gakomeye ni ugushaka no gusenya uturemangingo twanduye virusi zinjira mu mibiri yacu. Niyo mpamvu bitwa kandi "uturemangingo twa T twica."
Izi selile T zikorerwa mu gahu gato kari imbere mu gituza cyacu kitwa thymus . Iselile thymus ikora ubwoko butatu bw'ingenzi bwa selile T.
| Ubwoko bw'uturemangingo twa T | Akazi ni akoroshye. |
|---|---|
| Uturemangingo twa T duhumanya ikirere | Kumenya no gusenya uturemangingo twangiza, nk'uturemangingo twanduye virusi n'uturemangingo twa kanseri. |
| Uturemangingo twa T tw'ubufasha | Gukangura izindi selile z’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri no kubafasha kurwana. Nk’umuyobozi w’ingabo. |
| Uturemangingo twa T dugenzura | Iyo urugamba rurangiye, ibikorwa by'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri biragenzurwa kandi bigahagarika kwangiza uturemangingo tuzima bitari ngombwa. |
Izi selile zakora zite?
Hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bw'ubudahangarwa. Bumwe ni ubudahangarwa karemano , ari bwo buryo bw'ubwirinzi buba mu mubiri wacu iyo tuvutse. Ubundi ni ubudahangarwa busanzwe.Ni ukuvuga ko iyo duhuye n'indwara cyangwa duhabwa inkingo, imibiri yacu ikora uburyo bwihariye bwo kwirwanaho.
Uturemangingo twa T dufite uburozi ni ingenzi cyane muri ubwo bwoko bwa kabiri bw'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri. Ibi bivuze ko utwo turemangingo twatojwe kumenya no kwibasira virusi runaka .
Itandukaniro riri hagati y'uturemangingo twa T duhumanya ikirere n'uturemangingo twica karemano
Ushobora kuba warigeze kumva ibyerekeye uturemangingo tw’umwicanyi karemano. Nubwo twombi ari uturemangingo tw’umwicanyi, hari itandukaniro rito.
- Uturemangingo tw’umwicanyi karemano: Utu turemangingo ni bimwe mu bigize ubudahangarwa karemano. Ibi bivuze ko tudakeneye amahugurwa yihariye cyangwa imbaraga kugira ngo twibasire uturemangingo twangiza. Bakomeza gusa kugenzura.
- Uturemangingo twa T duhumanya: Izi ni zimwe mu bigize ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri. Kugira ngo zibashe kwibasira ingirabuzimafatizo zanduye, zigomba kubanza kumenya ubwandu no kubukora.
Uburyo bwo gutangiza urugamba
Uturemangingo twa T dufite 'antenna' yihariye ku buso bwatwo yitwa CD8 receptor . Hafi buri turemangingo two mu mubiri wacu dufite "ikarita iranga umuntu" ku buso bwatwo. Twitwa molekile ya MHC Class I. Iyo ingirabuzimafatizo yandujwe na virusi, iyo selile ishyira agace gato ka virusi kuri iyi karita iranga umuntu ku buso bwayo, ikavuga iti "Dore umwanzi uri imbere muri njye."
Icyo gihe ni bwo antene ya CD8 y’uturemangingo twa T ifata iki kimenyetso. Hanyuma aka karemangingo ka T karakora kagakora imiti ikenewe kugira ngo kashenye akaremangingo kanduye.
Nanone, iyo uturemangingo twa T dufasha tubonye ubwandu, turekura ubutumwa bwitwa cytokines . Ubu butumwa burushaho gushishikariza uturemangingo twa T dutoteza uburozi mu kurwanya.
Utu tunyangingo twa T tuba turi he mu mubiri wacu?
Uturemangingo twa T dutangira ubuzima bwatwo mu musokoro wacu. Hanyuma, nk'uturemangingo tudakuze, tujya mu gahu ka thymus mu gituza cyacu. Thymus ni nk'ishuri ry'amahugurwa ku turemangingo twa T. Niho utwo turemangingo dukura kandi tukiga akazi katwo. Nyuma yo gutozwa, utwo turemangingo tuzenguruka umubiri wose.
Hari umubare munini w'uturemangingo twa T mu buryo bwa lymphatic , cyane cyane. Ingano nini y'uturemangingo twa T iboneka muri ibi bikurikira:
- Umworo w'amagufwa
- Amara
- Ibihaha
- Uduce tw'umurabyo (lymph nodes)
- Umugongo
- Amagufwa yo mu nda
Ni izihe ndwara zifata uturemangingo twa T?
Hari igihe ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwacu bushobora gukora nabi. Hari indwara nyinshi zigira ingaruka ku turemangingo twa T.
- Indwara z’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri:Ikiba muri ibi bihe ni uko ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwacu bwite bwibasiye uturemangingo twacu tuzima.
- Leukemia itera kanseri y'imitsi: Iyi ni ubwoko bwa kanseri itangirira mu maraso no mu musemburo w'amagufwa.
- Lymphoma ya Hodgkin y'abantu bakuru: Iyi ni ubwoko bwa kanseri itangirira mu turemangingo tw'imitsi.
- VIH: Iyi virusi yibasira uturemangingo tw’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri wacu, cyane cyane uturemangingo twa T.
- Indwara y'akazi: Iyi ni indwara idakunze kugaragara y'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri itera indwara nyinshi.
- Thymic aplasia: Umusaruro w'uturemangingo twa T ugabanuka bitewe n'uko thymus gland idakura neza igihe yavukaga.
Ibintu dushobora gukora kugira ngo dukomeze ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wacu
Hari ibintu byinshi byoroshye dushobora gukora kugira ngo ingabo zacu zidasanzwe zikomeze kugira ubuzima bwiza kandi zikomere.
- Irinde inzoga cyangwa uzigabanye cyane.
- Kurya indyo yuzuye. Shyiramo imbuto nyinshi, imboga, ibinyamisogwe, inyama zitarimo ibinure, amafi, imbuto z'ubunyobwa n'ibiribwa bifite intungamubiri.
- Kora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe. Shyiramo imyitozo itandukanye nko kugenda n'amaguru, kwiruka no guterura ibiremereye.
- Gira ibitotsi byiza. Gerageza gusinzira nibura amasaha 7-8 ku munsi.
- Irinde kunywa itabi burundu. Niba ukeneye ubufasha bwo kurireka, ganira na muganga wawe kuri ibyo.
- Karaba intoki zawe buri gihe n'isabune n'amazi. Ibi bishobora gufasha cyane mu kwirinda mikorobe kwinjira mu mubiri wawe.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Uturemangingo twa T dutoteza uburozi ni itsinda ryihariye ry’abasirikare mu budahangarwa bwacu bw’umubiri burimbura abanzi, nk’uturemangingo twandujwe na virusi n’uturemangingo twa kanseri.
- Utu turemangingo turakura kandi tugakorera mu mubiri wacu mu gice cy’imitsi.
- Uturemangingo twa T tw’abafasha ni nk’intumwa zitera imbaraga utwo turemangingo tw’abicanyi kugira ngo turwane.
- Ibintu byoroshye nko kurya indyo yuzuye, gusinzira neza, gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri no kwirinda kunywa itabi bishobora gutuma ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bwacu bukomeza gukomera.
- Niba ufite impungenge ku budahangarwa bw'umubiri wawe cyangwa urwaye kenshi, ni byiza kubibwira muganga wawe .
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