Udukoresho duto mu mibiri yacu: Icyo ukeneye kumenya ku byerekeye imisemburo!

Ese wigeze wibaza uburyo ibiryo turya, urugero nk'isahani y'umuceri, biha umubiri wacu imbaraga? Cyangwa iyo duhumeka, iyo imitsi yacu ikura, ku nshuti nto ariko zikomeye cyane ziri inyuma y'ibi byose? Izo nshuti zitwa enzymes . Izi ni nk'abakozi bato, batagaragara mu ruganda mu mibiri yacu, badufasha guhora tubaho.

Enzymes ni iki? Mu magambo make...

Enzymes ni ubwoko bwa poroteyine . Zifasha kwihutisha ibikorwa bya shimi mu mibiri yacu, byitwa metabolism . Tekereza gato, izi enzymes zirakenewe kugira ngo zubake ibintu bimwe na bimwe kandi bishenye ibindi. Igitangaje ni uko ibinyabuzima byose bifite enzymes!

Imibiri yacu ikora imisemburo mu buryo busanzwe. Tubona kandi imisemburo muri bimwe mu biribwa turya ndetse no mu bicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe byakozwe.

None se, iyi enzymes itanga iyihe serivisi ku mubiri?

Imwe mu nshingano z'ingenzi za enzymes ni ugufasha gusya ibiryo . Igogora ni inzira ibiryo turya bihindukamo ingufu. Tekereza nawe, dufite enzymes mu macandwe yacu, pancreas, amara no mu gifu.

Urugero, iyo uriye umuceri, imisemburo ifasha mu gusya ibinure biwurimo mo isukari. Imisemburo irahari kandi kugira ngo igogore ikintu kirimo ibinure cyangwa ibiryo bikungahaye kuri poroteyine nk'amashu. Iyi misemburo isya ibinure, poroteyine, na karubohidrati mo uduce duto umubiri ushobora kwinjiza. Hanyuma umubiri ukoresha izi ntungamubiri mu gukura no gusana uturemangingo.

Uretse igogora, imisemburo ifasha mu bindi bintu byinshi:

• Guhumeka: Yego, iyi enzyme ikora iyo duhumeka.
• Gukura kw'imitsi: Umubiri nawo ukeneye ubufasha bwa enzymes kugira ngo wubake imitsi.
• Ku mikorere y'imitsi: Ibi ni ingenzi kugira ngo imitsi yacu ikore neza.
• Gukuraho uburozi mu mubiri: Enzymes zifasha kandi gukuraho ibintu byangiza, ni ukuvuga uburozi , butera mu mubiri wacu.

Ese hari ubwoko bw'imisemburo?

Yego rwose! Hari ubwoko bwinshi butandukanye bwa enzymes mu mibiri yacu. Ikintu kidasanzwe ni uko buri bwoko bwa enzyme bufite akazi kamwe gusa . Ni nk'aho hari abahanga batandukanye kuri buri kazi.

Urugero:

• Enzyme ya Sucrase ikora gusa mu gusenya isukari ya sucrose.
• Lactase ni enzyme isenya isukari ya lactose iboneka mu mata. Hari abantu bagira ikibazo cyo mu nda iyo banyoye amata kuko badafite iyi enzyme.

Dore bumwe mu bwoko bw'ingenzi bwa enzymes mu igogora ryacu:

• Karubohidrasi: Izi zigabanya karubohidrati (ibintu nk'ibinyampeke) zigahinduka isukari.
• Lipase:Ibi bigabanya ibinure (ibintu nk'amavuta) bikavamo aside irike.
• Protease: Izi zica poroteyine mo aside amine.

Enzyme ikora ite? Ibice byayo ni ibihe?

Byoroshye cyane. Buri enzyme ifite ahantu hitwa "ahantu hakora." Ibi bimeze nk'imiterere yihariye kuri enzyme. Ikintu enzyme ikoraho cyitwa "substrate". Iyi substrate ifite kandi imiterere yayo yihariye.

Tekereza nk'urufunguzo n'umwobo w'urufunguzo. Niba enzyme ari wo mwobo w'urufunguzo, substrate ni yo iwukwiriye neza. Iyo ibi byombi bihuye neza gusa, enzyme ni yo ikora. Mu yandi magambo, nk'uko iyo ushyize urufunguzo mu mwobo w'urufunguzo, urugi rurakinguka, habaho imikorere ya shimi iyo substrate ifatanye n'aho ikora.

Ni gute ubushyuhe na pH bigira ingaruka ku misemburo?

Kugira ngo imisemburo ikore neza, igomba kugira ibidukikije bikwiye . Iyo ibidukikije bidakora neza, imiterere ya imisemburo irashobora guhinduka. Hanyuma urufunguzo n'urufunguzo ntibihure neza, kandi imisemburo ntikora.

Buri enzyme ifite ubushyuhe bwihariye na pH bikora neza.

• pH: Iki ni igipimo cy'uburyo ikintu kirimo aside cyangwa alkaline. Enzymes zirabyihanganira cyane. Iyo ibidukikije bifite aside nyinshi cyangwa alkaline nyinshi, enzymes ntizakora neza. Urugero, enzyme ya pepsin mu nda yacu ifasha mu gusenya poroteyine. Iyo aside idafite ihagije mu nda, pepsin ntishobora gukora neza.
• Ubushyuhe: Imisemburo ikora neza ku bushyuhe busanzwe bw'umubiri wacu, buri hafi dogere selisiyusi 37 (98.6°F). Uko ubushyuhe bwiyongera, imikorere ya enzymes yihuta. Ariko, iyo ubushyuhe bwiyongeye cyane, imisemburo irahagarara. Niyo mpamvu iyo dufite umuriro mwinshi, imikorere y'umubiri wacu igabanuka. Imisemburo irarenga urugero.

Ni izihe ndwara zishobora guterwa n'ibibazo bya enzymes?

Hari igihe, iyo imibiri yacu idafite enzyme runaka ihagije , hashobora kubaho ibibazo by’imikorere y’umubiri . Bimwe muri ibyo bishobora kwanduzwa ababyeyi n’abana binyuze mu ngirabuzimafatizo (ni ukuvuga umurage).

Zimwe muri izi ndwara zandujwe n’umubiri ni izi:

• Indwara ya Fabry: Muri iki kibazo, umubiri ntushobora gukora enzyme alpha-galactosidase A, ikenewe kugira ngo ibinure bimeneke (lipide).
• Indwara ya Krabbe (globoid cell leukodystrophy): Ibi bigira ingaruka ku gice cy’uburinzi gikikije uturemangingo tw’imitsi, cyitwa myelin , hamwe na enzymes zikenewe kuri yo. Bigira ingaruka ku gice cy’imitsi cyo hagati .
• Indwara y'inkari ya Maple syrup: Harimo zimwe na zimweImisemburo ikenewe mu gusenya aside amine z’uruhererekane rw’amashami iragira ingaruka.

Uretse ibi, hari izindi ndwara zishobora guterwa n'ihindagurika ry'imisemburo:

• Indwara ya Crohn: Kudahuza kwa bagiteri mu mara yacu (gut microbiome) bishobora gutuma habaho ubwirinzi bw'umubiri mu mara. Ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku miterere n'ubukana bw'indwara.
• Kunanirwa kwa pancreas mu mubiri (EPI): Ibi bibaho igihe pancreas yawe idakora imisemburo ihagije yo mu gifu. Ibi bivuze ko udashobora gusenya neza ibiryo cyangwa ngo winjize intungamubiri. EPI ishobora guterwa n'indwara nka pancreas idakira , kanseri ya pancreas , diyabete, cyangwa cystic fibrosis .
• Kudakira Lactose: Iyi ndwara iterwa no kubura enzyme (lactase) ikenewe mu gusya lactose, isukari iboneka mu mata no mu bikomoka ku mata. Abantu benshi bahura n'ibimenyetso nko kubyimba no gushyuha nyuma yo kunywa amata.

Ni gute ibipimo bya enzyme bipima indwara?

Muganga wawe ashobora gukoresha ibizamini by'amaraso kugira ngo arebe niba hari indwara zimwe na zimwe, urugero nk'urugero rw'imisemburo y'umwijima, ishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'indwara y'umwijima .

Ese nkwiye gufata inyunganiramirire (enzymes)?

Muri rusange, umuntu udafite indwara zidakira kandi urya indyo yuzuye aba afite ingano ikenewe ya enzymes mu mubiri we.

Ariko, niba ufite ikibazo runaka cy’ubuzima (nk'indwara ya EPI), muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gufata inyongeramusaruro za enzymes. Abantu benshi bafite EPI bafata ibinini bya enzymes zo mu gifu mbere yo kurya. Ibi bifasha imibiri yabo kwinjiza intungamubiri mu biribwa.

Igikuru ni uko ugomba guhora ushaka inama kwa muganga mbere yo gufata inyongeramusaruro iyo ari yo yose ya enzymes. Si byiza kuyikoresha wenyine.

Ese imiti ishobora kugira ingaruka ku rugero rwa enzymes?

Yego, imiti imwe n'imwe ishobora gutera impinduka mu rugero rwa enzymes.

• Urugero, imiti yica udukoko ishobora kwica bagiteri nziza zikenewe kugira ngo enzyme zimwe na zimwe zikore neza. Niyo mpamvu rimwe na rimwe imiti yica udukoko itera indwara zo mu gifu no gucibwamo. Iyo yica bagiteri mbi zitera indwara, yica na bagiteri nziza zifasha mu igogora.
• Statines (imiti igabanya cholesterol) ishobora kongera urugero rw'imisemburo y'umwijima n'imitsi, ibi bikaba byatera kwangirika k'umwijima cyangwa imitsi.

Ni ryari wagombye kujya kwa muganga ku kibazo cya enzyme?

Ntibishoboka kumenya neza niba ufite ikibazo cya enzymes udapimye amaraso. Ariko, niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso bikurikira, ni ngombwa kujya kwa muganga kugira ngo akugire inama:

• Ububabare bwo mu nda
• Kubyimba cyangwa umwuka
• Impiswi
• Umunaniro uhoraho
• Isesemi no kuruka
• Kugabanya ibiro mu buryo budasanzwe
• Anemia (kubura uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso)
• Kuva amaraso mu gifu

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Enzymes ni udufasha duto, ariko dufite imbaraga zorohereza imikorere ya biochemical mu mibiri yacu. Zifasha mu bintu byose kuva mu guhumeka kugeza ku igogora. Enzymes nke cyane cyangwa nyinshi cyane zishobora gutera ibibazo by'ubuzima. Abantu bafite indwara zimwe na zimwe zidakira bashobora gukenera gufata inyongeramusaruro za enzymes kugira ngo bafashe imibiri yabo gukora neza. Ariko, ibi bigomba gukorwa gusa bayobowe na muganga.

Niba ufite gushidikanya cyangwa ikibazo, menya neza ko wavugana na muganga. Uruhare rwa enzymes ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo umuntu agire ubuzima bwiza!

` enzymes, igogora, metabolisme, ubuzima, igogora, poroteyine, isukari, pH, indwara za metabolisme