Ese utinya kubagwa indorerwamo z'amaso? Reka tumenye ibisobanuro birambuye!

Ese nawe wumva ko kureba kwawe kugenda kugabanuka uko ugenda usaza? Cyangwa urambiwe kwambara indorerwamo? Ahari muganga wawe yakubwiye ko ugomba gusimbuzwa lens yawe. Abantu benshi bagira ubwoba iyo bumvise ibi, bakibaza bati "Ni iki kizaba ku maso yawe?" Ariko mu by'ukuri ntabwo biteye ubwoba nkuko ubyibwira. Ubu ni uburyo busanzwe bwo kubaga bukorwa neza cyane ku isi yose. Uyu munsi, reka tuganire ku cyo kubaga gusimbuza lens y'amaso ari cyo, uko bikorwa, n'ibiba nyuma yabyo, byose mu buryo bworoshye.

Guhindura indorerwamo y'ijisho bivuze iki mu by'ukuri?

Mu magambo make, ibi bikubiyemo gukuramo lenzi karemano iri mu jisho ryawe ukayisimbuza lenzi y'ubukorano. Ni nko guhindura lenzi iri kuri kamera.

Imbere mu maso yacu, inyuma y'ijisho, hari lens karemano . Iyi lens irasobanutse neza kandi ibonerana. Akamaro k'ingenzi k'iyi lens ni ugushyira urumuri ruturuka ku bintu tubona mu jisho, bigatuma tubona neza.

Ariko rimwe na rimwe, ibibazo bishobora kuvuka kuri iyi lenzi karemano. Muri ibyo bihe, umuganga w'amaso akuramo lenzi karemano yawe akayisimbuza lenzi y'ubukorano (Intraocular Lens - IOL) . Izi lenzi z'ubukorano zikozwe mu bikoresho bitagize ingaruka mbi nka acrylic cyangwa silicone. Zishyira urumuri nk'iry'ubukorano karemano kandi zigufasha kubona isi neza.

Muri rusange hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bwo kubaga busimbura indorerwamo y'iri jisho.

• Kubaga Cataract
• Guhinduranya Amarangi yo Kugarura Amarangi (Guhinduranya Amarangi yo Kugarura Amarangi)

Reka turebe ibi bibiri ukwabyo.

Kubaga Cataract

Ubu ni bwo buryo bwo kubaga bukunze kugaragara twese twumvise. Uko tugenda dusaza, ubusanzwe nyuma y'imyaka 40, indorerwamo karemano y'amaso yacu itangira guhindagurika buhoro buhoro ikamera nk'amata . Ibi ni byo twita cataract . Ni nk'ikirahure gisobanutse gihinduka igihu uko igihe kigenda gihita.

Iyo iyi cataract itangiye kubaho, ibintu biba bibi, amabara ntagaragara neza, kandi biragorana gutwara nijoro. Rero iyo itangiye kubangamira imirimo yawe ya buri munsi, muganga azakugira inama yo gukuraho iyi lenti y'ibicu hanyuma ushyiremo lenti nshya kandi isobanutse neza y'ubukorano. Ibi byitwa kubaga cataract.

Guhinduranya Amarangi yo Gusubiza Isura

Ibi bitandukanye gato. Muri ubu buvuzi, lenzi yawe karemano ntabwo ikurwaho kuko irimo ibicu. Aha, lenzi yawe karemano iba isobanutse neza . Ariko ubu buvuzi bukorwa kugira ngo hakosorwe amakosa yawe yo kugarura ubushyuhe , bivuze ko udashobora kubona kure cyangwa hafi.

Muri make, ubu ni ukubaga kugira ngo umuntu akureho indorerwamo cyangwa indorerwamo z’amaso. Ubu bushobora kuba amahitamo meza ku bantu badashobora kubagwa mu buryo bwo koroshya amaso nka LASIK cyangwa PRK.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'indorerwamo zo mu maso (IOLs)?

Noneho ushobora kwibaza uti "Ese lens ni imwe kuri buri wese?" Oya, sibyo. Hari ubwoko butandukanye bwa lens zo mu maso (IOLs) ushobora guhitamo bitewe n'ibyo ukeneye, imiterere y'amaso yawe, n'imibereho yawe. Buri bwoko bufite ibyiza n'ibibi byabwo. Hari ubwoko butatu bw'ingenzi bwa lens.

1. Lenseri zo mu bwoko bwa monofocal: Izi ni zo lenseri zikoreshwa cyane kandi zisanzwe. Izi lenseri zishobora gutanga amaso meza ku ntera imwe gusa. Abaganga bakunze guhindura izi lenseri kugira ngo ubashe kubona neza ku ntera imwe gusa . Ibi bivuze ko ushobora kubona ibintu kure (nk'ureba televiziyo cyangwa gutwara imodoka) neza nta ndorerwamo, ariko uzagomba kwambara indorerwamo mu kazi kawegereye (nk'usoma igitabo cyangwa ukoresha telefoni yawe) .

2. Indorerwamo za Multifocal: Izi ni nk'indorerwamo ebyiri. Izi ndorerwamo zitanga ubushobozi bwo kureba intera iri hagati y'indorerwamo n'intera iri hagati y'indorerwamo .Bitanga ubushobozi bwo kureba neza. Kubwibyo, akenshi, ushobora kutabasha gukoresha indorerwamo iyo wambaye lens nk'iyi. Ariko, izi zirahenze gato kurusha lens za monofocal. Hari abantu bashobora kugira ingaruka mbi nko kurabagirana hafi y'amatara nijoro.

3. Indorerwamo za Toric: Izi zagenewe abantu bafite ikibazo cyo kutabona cyitwa astigmatism . Astigmatism ni indwara aho cornea y'ijisho iba idakora neza nk'uruziga, ahubwo ikaba ndende, nk'umupira wa rugby. Ibi bishobora gutera kutabona neza. Niba rero ufite indwara ya cataract na astigmatism, kubona indorerwamo ya toric bishobora kugufasha gukosora ibibazo byombi icyarimwe.

Namenya nte niba ubu buvuzi bukwiriye kuri njye?

Hari ibintu byinshi bifasha mu gufata icyemezo niba ubu buvuzi bukubereye. Ntabwo ari ngombwa gufata iki cyemezo wenyine, muganga wawe azasuzuma ibi bintu byose kandi aguhe inama.

• Ubuzima bw'amaso yawe: Ni ngombwa kumenya niba ufite izindi ndwara z'amaso (nk'indwara ya glaucoma).
• Ubushobozi bwo kubona neza: Uburyo icyerekezo cyawe cyagabanutse n'uburyo bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe bwa buri munsi.
• Ubuzima bwawe muri rusange: Niba ufite izindi ndwara, nka diyabete cyangwa umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, ndetse niba zirimo kugenzurwa.
• imyaka yawe.

Nyuma yo gusuzuma ibi byose, muganga azagusobanurira ibyiza byo kubagwa hamwe n'ingaruka nto zishobora kubaho.

Kubagwa bikorwa gute? Ese nkwiye kugira ubwoba?

Aha niho abantu benshi batinya. Ariko nta mpamvu yo gutinya. Ubu buryo bwo kubaga buhita cyane, akenshi bukorwa mu minota 15 kugeza kuri 30 .

Ntabwo uzumva ububabare ubwo aribwo bwose mu gihe cyo kubagwa. Ibi biterwa nuko ibitonyanga by'amaso bizashyirwa ku maso yawe mbere yuko ubagwa utangira. Uzahabwa kandi umuti wo kugabanya imihangayiko n'imihangayiko. Ibi bizagufasha kuruhuka.

Nyuma yo kubagwa, itsinda ry’abaganga rizagukurikirana amasaha make hanyuma rigusubize mu rugo. Ariko ibuka ko utazashobora gutwara imodoka uwo munsi . Rero ni ngombwa kugira umuntu uzagutwara mu rugo. Ni ibisanzwe ko amaso yawe aba adasobanutse neza nyuma yo kubagwa.

Ubu ni ukubaga guke cyane . Muganga akora kubaga kose akoresheje agace gato cyane mu jisho . Agace gato cyane ku buryo gakira ubwako .Nta nubwo ukeneye kudoda.

Ibiba mu gihe cyo kubagwa intambwe ku yindi

Iyi nzira yitwa phacoemulsification . Nubwo izina rishobora kumvikana nk'irigoye, ibisigaye byoroshye cyane.

1. Ubwa mbere, muganga ashyira igikoresho gito mu jisho anyuze muri ako gace gato.

2. Hanyuma, ukoresheje imirasire ya laser cyangwa amajwi yo mu kirere (ultrasound), lens yawe y'ikirere irashwanyagurika mo uduce duto cyane hanyuma igashonga.

3. Hanyuma, uduce tw'ikirahuri cyashongeshejwe dukururwa neza hakoreshejwe igikoresho nk'icyuma gisukura umwuka.

4. Noneho aho indorerwamo karemano yari iri ni ubusa. Muri ako gace karimo ubusa, binyuze muri ako gace gato, indorerwamo y'ubukorano irapfundikirwa `(IOL)`. Iyo imaze kwinjira mu jisho, ihita yiyongera ikajya mu mwanya wayo.

Ibyo ari byo byose. Iyi ni yo nzira imwe ibaho mu kubaga cataract no kubaga amaso neza. Itandukaniro ryonyine ni uko mu kubaga cataract, indorerwamo y'ibicu ikurwaho, mu gihe mu yindi, indorerwamo isobanutse neza ikurwaho.

Bifata igihe kingana iki kugira ngo umuntu akire nyuma yo kubagwa?

Bishobora gufata ibyumweru umunani kugira ngo ijisho ryawe rikire neza. Ariko ibyo ntibivuze ko ugomba kumara ibyumweru umunani mu buriri. Ushobora kongera gukora ibikorwa byawe bisanzwe mu minsi mike nyuma yo kubagwa.

Muganga wawe azaguha ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibitonyanga byo mu maso byo gukoresha. Ni ngombwa cyane kubishyira mu maso yawe neza neza nkuko byategetswe, mu gihe gikwiye. Ugomba kandi kwitonda kugira ngo amazi cyangwa umukungugu bitagutera mu maso. Si byiza gukaraba amaso yawe. Muganga wawe azaguha amabwiriza yihariye y'igihe ushobora kongera gutwara imodoka cyangwa gukora akazi gakomeye.

Ubu buryo bwo kubaga bufite umutekano ungana iki? Ingaruka zishobora gute?

Nkuko bigenda ku kubagwa kose, hari ingaruka nke cyane. Ariko mu by'ukuri, kubagwa kwa katarakte ni uburyo bwizewe cyane . Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko 98% by'abantu babazwe katarakte nta ngorane zikomeye bahura nazo .

Hari ingorane nke cyane zishobora kubaho, inyinshi muri zo zishobora kuvurwa no gukira byoroshye n'abaganga.

• Kuva amaraso imbere mu jisho
• Kugira ubwandu
• Kubyimba (kubyimba, gutukura)
• Glaucoma (umuvuduko w'amaso wiyongera)
• Posterior Capsular Opacification - Ibi kandi byitwa "secondary cataract". Ibi bishobora gukosorwa mu minota mike hakoreshejwe laser.
• Gutandukanya retinal
• Gutakaza amaso (ibi ni gake cyane )

Ni ngombwa kuvugana na muganga wawe ku byago byawe bitewe n'imiterere y'amaso yawe n'izindi ndwara.

Iyi lenzi nshya izamara igihe kingana iki?

Dore inkuru nziza! Iyi lenzi y'ubukorano (IOL) ushyira mu jisho ryawe yagenewe kumara ubuzima bwawe bwose . Ni iy'igihe cyose. Ntabwo ukeneye kuyisimbura kenshi.

Ariko, mu bihe bidasanzwe, hari abantu bashobora gukenera gusimbuza lenti zabo. Urugero:

• Niba hari ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose kiri mu irangi ryinjijwemo.
• Niba udashobora kwihanganira ingaruka mbi z'ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bw'amatara, nko kugaragara neza.
• Niba ukeneye indorerwamo y'imbaraga zitandukanye kugira ngo urusheho kubona neza.

Ibi bigura angahe?

Ikiguzi cy'ubu buvuzi kiratandukanye bitewe n'ibintu byinshi.

• Impamvu yo kubagwa: Niba urimo kubagwa indwara ya cataract, ubwishingizi bwinshi bw'ubuzima buzayishyura. Ariko, niba urimo kuyikora kugira ngo ukosore amaso yawe (Refractive Lens Exchange), hari ubwishingizi bushobora kutayishyura.
• Ubwoko bwa lenzi (IOL) uhitamo: Ubwishingizi akenshi bwishyura gusa ikiguzi cya lenzi ntoya. Niba uhisemo lenzi "y'igiciro kinini", nka multifocal cyangwa toric, ushobora kwishyura amafaranga y'inyongera kuri yo.

Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane kuvugana na muganga wawe n'ikigo cy'ubwishingizi ku kiguzi cyabyo mbere yo guteganya igihe cyo kubagwa.

Kubaga ishaza ni uburyo bwiza cyane bushobora guhindura ubuzima bwawe, bukagufasha kubona neza, kandi bukagufasha kwikuramo indorerwamo. Nta kintu cyo gutinya. Icy'ingenzi ni ukuganira na muganga wawe ku bibazo byawe byose n'ubwoba bwawe, ukamenya amakuru kuri byose, kandi ugahangana n'iki gikorwa utuje.

Indwara y'amaso, kubaga indwara y'amaso, guhinduranya indorerwamo z'amaso, indorerwamo y'amaso, kubaga amaso