"Wavuze iki? Ongera uvuge..." Ese ukunze kumva ibi? Ese wumva ijwi rya televiziyo riri hasi ugereranyije n'abandi bose bari mu rugo? Cyangwa wumva ari wowe wenyine utumva icyo umuntu avuga? Ntugahangayike, ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso bya mbere byo kubura amatwi. Iyi ni indwara abantu benshi bafite. Umuti mwiza kandi ukunzwe cyane kuri ibi ni utwuma twuma amatwi. Uyu munsi, turashaka ibisubizo by'ibibazo byawe byose kuri ibi.

Mu magambo make, ibi bikoresho byo gufasha kumva ni ibihe?

Akamashini gafasha kumva ni igikoresho gito cy’ikoranabuhanga wambara imbere cyangwa inyuma y’ugutwi kwawe. Akamaro kacyo nyamukuru ni ukongera ijwi rikukikije kugira ngo ubyumve neza. Ibi bikorohereza cyane kuganira n’abantu no gukora imirimo ya buri munsi.

Ariko hari ikintu kimwe ugomba kwibuka. Imfashamatwi ntishobora kugarura ubushobozi bwawe bwo kumva. Ni nko kwambara indorerwamo. Nk'uko indorerwamo zigufasha kubona neza, ni ko iki gikoresho kigufasha kumva neza. Niba kandi ugorwa no kudashobora kumva ibivugwa, kandi akenshi ukaba ugomba gusaba abandi gusubiramo, imfashamatwi ishobora kugufasha cyane.

Izi ziza mu moko n'imiterere bitandukanye. Zimwe zigaragara inyuma, izindi ziragoye kuzibona kuko ziri imbere mu gutwi. Umuganga w'amatwi ashobora kuguha inama nziza kuri ibi.

Ni gute aka gakoresho gato kadufasha kumva?

Uburyo ikora biroroshye cyane. Tekereza nk'urusaku ruto. Buri cyuma gifasha kumva gifite ibice bike by'ingenzi.

1. Mikorofone: Ubwa mbere, iyi mikoro ifata amajwi ayikikije. Hanyuma igahindura ayo majwi mo ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi.

2. Amplifier: Hanyuma, izi signal z'amashanyarazi zijya kuri amplifier. Ibi byongera imbaraga z'izo signal. Mu magambo make, byongera ijwi .

3. Indangururamajwi/Ikirahuri: Amaherezo, ijwi ryongerewe rijya mu gutwi kwawe binyuze mu ndangururamajwi nto. Hanyuma ushobora kumva byose neza.

Utwuma tumwe na tumwe two mu bwenge dukenera batiri nto, ugomba kuzisimbuza iyo zishize. Ariko inyinshi muri zo ubu zishobora kongera gusharijwa . Kimwe no gusharija telefoni yawe, ugomba kuyikoresha nijoro.

Ubwoko bw'ibikoresho by'ubutabazi bwo kumva ni ubuhe? Ni ubuhe bunkwiriye?

Ibyuma byo kumva bishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko butandukanye bitewe ahanini n'uburyo byambarwa. Ubwoko bwiza buterwa n'uburyo wumva nabi, imiterere y'ugutwi kwawe, n'ibyo ukunda.

Ni nde wamfasha muri ibi? Nakora nte ibizamini?

Ubusanzwe, umuganga w’umuryango wawe cyangwa umuganga w’indwara zo mu matwi, izuru n’umuhogo (ENT) azakohereza kwa muganga w’indwara zo mu matwi.

Ikintu cya mbere uzakora ni ikizamini cyo kumva . Iki ni ikizamini cyoroshye kandi kidababaza. Gishobora kumenya neza niba ufite ikibazo cyo kutumva, urwego rwacyo, ndetse niba wakungukirwa n'ibikoresho by'ubuhanga mu kutumva.

Intambwe zikurikiraho ziterwa n'ubwoko bw'icyuma gifasha kumva wahisemo.

• Udukoresho two gufasha kumva twanditswe na muganga:Inzobere mu by'amatwi izahindura imiterere y'icyuma gifasha kumva kugira ngo kigufashe hashingiwe kuri raporo y'ibizamini byawe byo kumva. Bazagenzura kandi ko gikora neza kandi bakwigishe uko ugikoresha no kucyitaho. Bazakomeza kandi gukurikirana uburwayi bwawe. Ubu buryo ni bwo bwiza cyane.
• Gukoresha imiti ivura abantu badafite ubumuga bwo kutumva: Mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe, abantu barengeje imyaka 18 bafite ikibazo cyo kutumva gito bashobora kugura imiti ivura abantu badafite ubumuga bwo kutumva (OTC) muri farumasi batabanje kuyiguza. Ariko, ugomba kuyihindura ubwawe. Ishobora kutajyana neza.

Imfashamatwi ishobora gukoreshwa igihe kingana iki?

Iyo ifashwe neza, icyuma gifasha kumva gishobora kumara imyaka 6 kugeza kuri 7. Ibi bivuze ko akenshi, iyo habayeho agahimbazamusyi gato, utazakenera kugura gashya.

Ni ngombwa cyane ko umuntu wese ufite ikibazo cyo kutumva akorerwa ikizamini cyo kumva buri mwaka . Iyo habayeho impinduka mu matwi yawe, inzobere mu by'amatwi ishobora kuvugurura uburyo bwo gupima ubw'amatwi bwawe bwa kera kugira ngo buhuze n'uburwayi bushya.

Ni izihe nyungu zo gukoresha ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi bwo kumva?

Akamaro nyamukuru ni uko ijwi ryiza kurushaho. Ariko hari byinshi bikubiyemo.

• Imibanire y'abantu iriyongera: Tekereza ba sogokuru bawe baseka baganira n'abantu bose bari mu rugo. Ni ibihe byiza? Iyo amatwi yabo agabanutse, ibyo bintu birabura. Bagira irungu kandi bakiheba. Hamwe n'icyuma gifasha kumva, ubu bwigunge bushobora gukurwaho kandi bakongera kwishimana n'imiryango yabo n'inshuti.
• Bituma ubwonko bukomeza gukora: Ubwonko bwacu buhora bushishikazwa n'ibyo twumva. Iyo amatwi yacu agabanutse, ibimenyetso byerekana ko ubwonko bwakira biragabanuka. Ibi bishobora gutera gutakaza kwibuka no kurwara indwara nka dementia uko tugenda dusaza. Gukoresha ibikoresho byo kumva bifasha ubwonko gukomeza gukora.
• Kurwanya Tinnitus: Hari abantu bagira urusaku ruhoraho mu matwi yabo. Ibi byitwa tinnitus. Gukoresha utumashini two mu matwi kugira ngo tubafashe kumva amajwi abakikije, bishobora kugabanya urusaku ruturuka imbere mu gutwi, ibyo bikaba byafasha mu kugabanya ibimenyetso.
• Kongera umutekano: Iyo uri mu muhanda, kumva ibintu nk'urusaku rw'imodoka ije cyangwa umuntu uvuga ni ingenzi cyane ku mutekano wawe.

Ni gute nafata neza icyuma cyanjye cy'ubutabazi bw'amatwi?

Iki gikoresho kizamara igihe kirekire niba ukifashe neza. Umuganga wawe wita ku matwi azakubwira ibi. Dore inama rusange.

• Niba ukoresha imisatsi cyangwa imibavu, shyiramo ibikoresho byawe by'ubwubatsi nyuma yo kubikoresha.
• Bika kure y'ubushyuhe bwinshi, ubushuhe, kandi ubishyire kure y'abana bato n'amatungo.
• Iyo batiri zishize, zisimbuze izindi nshya cyangwa uzisharishe buri gihe.
• Yizimye igihe idakoreshwa.
• Reba umuhanga mu by'amatwi byibuze rimwe mu mwaka kugira ngo abihindure.

Ese hari impinduka nzabona ninsubira kuyikoresha? Nayimenyera nte?

Yego rwose. Bishobora gufata amezi make kugira ngo umenyere icyuma gishya cy’ubutabazi bw’amatwi. Ibyo ni ibisanzwe. Uzabona ibintu nk'ibi.

• Kumva ijwi ryawe bwite cyane: Iki ni ikintu abantu benshi babanza kubona. Ibi biterwa nuko mikoro ifata ijwi ryawe ndetse n'amajwi ari hafi aho. Ntugahangayike, ubwonko bwawe buzamenyera nyuma y'ibyumweru bike ukoresha buri gihe.
• Igitekerezo: Hari igihe ijwi rito rishobora guturuka mu cyuma cyawe cy’ubutabazi bw’amatwi. Ibi bishobora guterwa n’uko kidashyizwe neza mu gutwi kwawe, hari umwanda mu gutwi kwawe, cyangwa igihe cyo kugisukura kigeze. Vugana n’inzobere mu by’ubuvuzi bw’amatwi kuri ibi.
• Ingorane mu bice byuzuyemo urusaku: Wibuke ko ahantu hari urusaku, ndetse n'abantu bafite amatwi meza bashobora kugorwa no kumenya ibirimo kuvugwa. Rero, muri ibyo bice, bishobora kugorana gato mu ntangiriro. Ariko ubu hari ibikoresho byinshi bifasha kumva bifite ubushobozi bwo kugabanya urusaku rudakenewe bikukikije kandi bigashyira amajwi hejuru gusa.

Ese ibikoresho by'uburibwe mu kumva bizafasha umuntu ufite ubumuga bwo kutumva burundu?

Biterwa n'impamvu yateye ikibazo cyo kutumva n'ubukana bwacyo. Iyo ibice byoroheje biri mu gutwi byangiritse cyane, ubufasha bwo gutwi bwonyine bushobora kuba budahagije. Muri ibyo bihe, ubundi buryo bwo kuvura, nko guterwa umuti wo mu bwoko bwa cochlear, bushobora gukenerwa.

Abantu benshi ntibashaka gukoresha ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi nubwo bazi ko bafite ikibazo cyo kutumva. Ariko kumva ni ingenzi cyane ku buzima bwacu, ubuzima bwacu, ndetse n'ibyishimo byacu. Niba rero ufite gushidikanya na gato, gana muganga maze upime amatwi. Ni cyo kizaba ari cyo cyemezo cyiza ushobora gufata kugira ngo urusheho kunoza ubuzima bwawe.