Ese wabwiye umwana wawe ibyerekeye Glioma yo mu rwego rwo hejuru? Reka tubiganireho.

Biragoye gusobanura mu magambo uko wumva umeze nk'umubyeyi kumva ko umwana wawe arwaye kanseri yo mu bwonko. Hari ibibazo byinshi biza mu mutwe mu gihe nk'iki. Rero, uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga kuri Glioma yo mu rwego rwo hejuru, ubwoko bukomeye bw'ikibyimba cyo mu bwonko gikwirakwira vuba. Twizere ko aya makuru azaguha ubumenyi n'imbaraga muri uru rugendo rutoroshye.

Glioma yo mu rwego rwo hejuru ni iki? Reka tubisobanukirwe mu buryo bworoshye.

Mu magambo make, glioma yo mu rwego rwo hejuru ni ubwoko bwa kanseri ikura vuba cyane mu bwonko bw'umwana wawe cyangwa mu ruti rw'umugongo. "Glioma" bivuze ikibyimba. Ibi bibyimba bibaho iyo ubwoko bw'uturemangingo twitwa "seli za glial" butangiye kwigabanyamo kabiri no gukura vuba nta garuriro. Utu turemangingo twa glial ni ubwoko bw'uturemangingo dushyigikira kandi tugatunga uturemangingo tw'imitsi, cyangwa imitsi, mu mitsi yacu yo hagati.

"High-grade" bivuze ko ubu bwoko bwa glioma bukura vuba cyane kandi bugatera imbaraga . Mu by'ukuri, glioma zo mu rwego rwo hejuru zishobora kutavurwa burundu buri gihe. Ibi biterwa nuko bigoye kuvura. Ibi biterwa nuko utwo turemangingo twa kanseri dukwirakwira vuba cyane mu bwonko cyangwa mu ruti rw'umugongo. Nanone dukura twinjira kandi tugahuza uturemangingo tuzima. Tekereza ukuntu bigoye gukuraho kanseri gusa nta kwangiza ingingo nzima iyo uturemangingo tuzima n'uturemangingo twa kanseri bifatanye. Niyo mpamvu rimwe na rimwe bigorana kubikuraho burundu ukoresheje kubagwa.

"Icyiciro" cy'indwara za glioma zo mu rwego rwo hejuru ni ikihe?

Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (OMS) rishyira glioma mu byiciro hakurikijwe umuvuduko wazo wo gukura n’ubukana bwazo. Kubera iyo mpamvu, hari ubwoko bubiri: "ubunini buciriritse" (butari bukomeye cyane, icyiciro cya 1 n’icya 2) n’ "ubunini buhanitse" (ubunini buhanitse, icyiciro cya 3 n’icya 4). Glioma zo mu rwego rwo hejuru ni ibibyimba bikura vuba biri mu cyiciro cya 3 cyangwa icya 4.

Indwara zimwe na zimwe za gliomas mu bantu bakuru zishobora gutangira ari iz’icyiciro cyo hasi nyuma zikaza kuba iz’icyiciro cyo hejuru. Ariko, igitangaje ni uko gliomas zo mu kiciro cyo hejuru mu bana akenshi zitangira ari iz’icyiciro cyo hejuru. Ariko, gliomas zo mu kigero cyo hasi mu bana akenshi ziravurwa kandi gake cyane ziba iz’icyiciro cyo hejuru.

Ni hehe mu bwonko hakunze kugaragara glioma zo mu rwego rwo hejuru?

Glioma zo mu rwego rwo hejuru zikunze kugaragara mu "gice cyo hejuru" cy'ubwonko, cyangwa igice cy'ubwonko.

• Igice cyo hejuru y'ubwonko: Aka ni agace k'ubwonko karimo ubwonko, thalamus, na hypothalamus. Ibi bibyimba bishobora guturuka mu turemangingo tw'ijisho tuba hano.
• Umuyoboro w'ubwonko:Izi glioma zo mu rwego rwo hejuru zishobora no kugaragara mu gice cy'ubwonko cyitwa "pons". Ibi byitwa ubwoko bwihariye bwa "Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Gliomas" (DIPG). Ubu bwoko bwa DIPG burakaze cyane kandi bugoranye kuvura.

Aho ikibyimba kiri ni ingenzi cyane, kuko bizagena uburyo bwo kuvura umwana wawe. Urugero, ibibyimba byo mu bwonko akenshi ntibishobora gukurwaho mu buryo bwizewe.

Ni nde ugerwaho n'iki kibazo cyane?

Glioma yo mu rwego rwo hejuru ishobora kugaragara ku bana bato, ku bana bakuru, ku rubyiruko ndetse no ku bantu bakuru. Ariko, glioma yo mu rwego rwo hejuru ku bana bato itandukanye n'iy'urwego rwo hejuru ku bangavu n'abantu bakuru. Kubera iryo tandukaniro, uburyo bwo kuvura abana bato n'abana bato bushobora kuba butandukanye.

Ni mu rugero rungana iki indwara ya glioma yo mu rwego rwo hejuru?

Glioma zo mu rwego rwo hejuru ni zo za kabiri mu ndwara zifata ubwonko mu bana. Zigize hagati ya 10% na 20% by'indwara zose zigira ingaruka ku mitsi yo mu mutwe mu bana.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'indwara ya glioma yo mu rwego rwo hejuru?

Ibimenyetso bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'umwana. Biterwa n'igice cy'ubwonko (cyangwa uruti rw'umugongo) ikibyimba cyagizeho ingaruka, imyaka y'umwana, n'uburyo ikibyimba gikura vuba. Ibi bimenyetso ahanini biterwa n'uko ikibyimba gishyira igitutu ku bwonko kigatera kubyimba.

Ikimenyetso gikunze kugaragara ni ukurwara umutwe. Ibi bibaho cyane cyane iyo umutwe uherekejwe no kugira isesemi cyangwa kuruka. Uyu mutwe uba ukomeye cyane mu gitondo. Hari igihe ushobora kuba ukomeye cyane ku buryo ubyutsa nijoro. Tekereza umwana muto agize ingorane nk'izo.

Izindi bimenyetso zishobora kugaragara harimo:

• Kutabona neza, kumva neza, cyangwa kuvuga nabi (kutabona neza, kutumva neza, kuvuga nabi).
• Kubura kuringaniza cyangwa intege nke z'imitsi (ataxia), nko kugorwa no kugenda cyangwa gufata ibintu.
• Guta umutwe cyangwa kubura kwibuka.
• Guhora usinziriye, kumva unaniwe.
• Gufatwa n'indwara zo mu mutwe (nk'aho umuntu arwaye indwara yo mu mutwe) .

Abana bato cyane (impinja) bashobora kubona kurira kudasanzwe, kurakara, impinduka mu mirire (nko kutanywa amata). Hari n'igihe bashobora kubona imitwe yabo ikura gato, kandi uduce tworoshye (fontanelles) cyangwa "ibishanga" hejuru y'imitwe yabo dushobora kugaragara cyane.

Kuki izi ndwara za glioma zo mu rwego rwo hejuru zivuka? Ni izihe mpamvu?

Mu by’ukuri, abashakashatsi ntibaramenya impamvu nyayo y’ibi.Ku bantu bakuru, uburyo bwo kuvura hakoreshejwe imirasire bwagaragaye ko ari bwo butera iyi ndwara. Birashoboka ko abana nabo bashobora kwibasirwa n’ibintu bisa n’ibyo byo hanze cyangwa ibidukikije, ariko hakenewe ubushakashatsi bw’inyongera.

Ariko, zimwe mu ndwara zidasanzwe ziterwa n’uturemangingo zishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara glioma yo mu rwego rwo hejuru mu bana. Indwara ya genetiki ni inenge cyangwa ubusembwa mu turemangingo, ari na byo "kode" ibwira uturemangingo uko dukora.

Dore zimwe muri izo mimerere:

• Ubwoko bwa Neurofibromatosis (`Neurofibromatosis ubwoko bwa 1 - NF1`)
• Indwara ya Turcot
• Indwara ya Li-Fraumeni

Ariko, ni ngombwa kwibuka ko abana benshi bafite glioma yo mu rwego rwo hejuru badafite amateka y’iyi ndwara mu muryango wabo.

Ni gute indwara ya glioma yo mu rwego rwo hejuru ipimwa?

Muganga w'umwana wawe azabanza asuzume neza ibimenyetso by'umwana wawe n'amateka ye y'ubuzima. Hanyuma, hashobora gukorwa isuzuma ry'ubwonko, cyangwa "imaging", kugira ngo harebwe niba hari ikibyimba gihari kandi niba ari cyo gitera ibimenyetso. Niba hari ikibyimba, hakorwa "biopsy" kugira ngo hamenyekane neza niba ari kanseri (itera kanseri) cyangwa itari mbi (itera kanseri).

• Gufata amashusho: Gupima MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) na CT scan (Computed Tomography scan) bishobora gufasha abaganga kubona ibibyimba mu bwonko bw'umwana wawe cyangwa mu ruti rw'umugongo. MRI, cyane cyane MRI yongerewe ubushobozi bwo gutandukanya ibintu, ishobora gutanga amashusho asobanutse neza kandi arambuye kurusha CT scan. MRI ikoresha magnets na radio waves kugira ngo ikore amashusho y'ibintu biri mu mubiri kuri ecran ya mudasobwa. Muri MRI yo gupima ibintu bitandukanye, irangi ritagira ingaruka mbi rishyirwa mu kuboko k'umwana wawe. Ibi bituma ahantu hari ibibyimba hagaragara neza kuri ecran.

• Biopsy: Uburyo bwihariye bwitwa "stereotactic biopsy" bushobora kwerekana aho ikibyimba kiri neza hanyuma bugafata agace gato k'umubiri kakakohereza muri laboratwari. Hanyuma, inzobere yitwa "pathologist" isuzuma uturemangingo kugira ngo irebe niba ari uturemangingo twa glioma two ku rwego rwo hejuru. Ibi bizamini bishobora kandi kugaragaza imiterere imwe n'imwe y'uturemangingo twa kanseri. Ibi biranga rimwe na rimwe bikoreshwa mu kugena uburyo bwo kuvura. Urugero, bumwe mu buryo bushya bwo kuvura kanseri bugenewe gukora gusa ku bwoko bumwe na bumwe bw'uturemangingo twa kanseri. Rero, ibi bizamini bishobora no gufasha kumenya niba umwana wawe ari umukandida mwiza wo kuvurwa.

Hari igihe, niba bishoboka, abaganga bakuraho ikibyimba cyose aho gufata agace gato ngo bapime.Hanyuma, hamwe n'isuzuma, ubuvuzi (kubagwa) nabwo burabaho.

Ariko, gupima indwara bishobora kudashoboka buri gihe muri glioma zo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Bitewe n'aho ikibyimba giherereye (urugero, mu gice cy'ubwonko), gufata igice cy'umubiri bishobora kwangiza ibice by'ingenzi by'ubwonko. Muri ibyo bihe, abaganga bishingikiriza ku bipimo by'ishusho kugira ngo bamenye uko indwara ihagaze.

Ese glioma yo ku rwego rwo hejuru ishobora gukira burundu?

Iki ni cyo kibazo gikomeye ku bantu bose. Biragoye gutanga igisubizo kidasubirwaho. Hari ibintu byinshi bigira ingaruka kuri ibi, nk'imyaka y'umwana, impinduka mu miterere y'uturemangingo twa kanseri, ndetse n'ingano y'ikibyimba cyakuweho mu gihe cyo kubagwa.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura glioma yo ku rwego rwo hejuru?

Intego nyamukuru zo kuvura ni ugukuraho ikibyimba, guhagarika cyangwa kugenzura imikurire yacyo, no gutanga ihumure ku mwana binyuze mu kugabanya ibimenyetso.

Bitewe n'ubwoko bwa kanseri, aho iherereye, n'ibindi bintu, inzobere nyinshi zishobora kuba zifite uruhare mu kwita ku mwana wawe. Itsinda rishobora kuba rigizwe n'umuganga w'imitsi, umuganga w'indwara zo mu bwonko, umuganga w'indwara zo mu bwonko, umuganga w'indwara zo mu bwonko, umuganga w'indwara zo mu bwonko, umuforomo, n'umukozi ushinzwe imibereho myiza y'abaturage.

Kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bikurikira bishobora gukoreshwa mu kuvura:

• Kubaga: Kubaga ni bwo buryo bw'ingenzi bwo kuvura glioma zo mu rwego rwo hejuru zishobora gukurwaho mu buryo bwizewe. Aha, umuganga agerageza gukuraho ikibyimba kinini gishoboka nta kwangiza ingingo nzima ziyikikije.
• Ubuvuzi bushingiye ku mirasire: Ubuvuzi bushingiye ku mirasire y’izuba ni uburyo busanzwe bwo kuvura abana barengeje imyaka 3. Abana bato cyane akenshi ntibahabwa ubuvuzi bushingiye ku mirasire kuko bushobora kugira ingaruka ku mikurire y’ubwonko bwabo. Ubu buvuzi bukoresha imashini ikoresha imirasire ya X-ray nyinshi kugira ngo yibasire ikibyimba, yitondera kwangiza ingingo nzima ziyikikije. Ubuvuzi bushingiye ku mirasire bugabanya ibibyimba, bukica uturemangingo twa kanseri, kandi bukagabanya ibimenyetso.
• Chimiotherapie: Kubera ko abana bato cyane badashobora guhabwa ubuvuzi bushingiye ku mirasire, chimiotherapie ikoreshwa mu kugenzura ikura ry'ikibyimba. Chimiotherapie ikoresha imiti yica uturemangingo twa kanseri. Ariko, haracyari impaka ku buryo chimiotherapie ikora neza ku ndwara zo mu bwoko bwa glioma zo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Nubwo imiti imwe na imwe ya chimiotherapie, nka temozolomide, ikora neza ku bwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa glioma ku bantu bakuru, imiti imwe ntabwo ikora neza ku bana.
• Ubuvuzi bw'indwara zibabaza umubiri:Abahanga mu kwita ku barwayi ba palliatives bashobora kugufasha gufata ibyemezo bizafasha umwana wawe gukomeza ubuzima bwiza mu gihe cyo kuvurwa. Bashobora kandi gutanga inama ku buryo bwo gufasha umwana wawe guhangana n'indwara no kugabanya ibimenyetso.

Glioma yo ku rwego rwo hejuru ikunze kugaruka nyuma yo kuvurwa. Ibi bibaye, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo "kuvura hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga." Ubu ni uburyo bwo kuvura bwibanda gusa ku bintu bidasanzwe (biterwa n'impinduka mu miterere y'uturemangingo) mu kibyimba cy'umwana wawe. Ubu "buvuzi bwibanda ku ikoranabuhanga" bushobora kuboneka binyuze mu "bigerageza by'ubuvuzi." Ibizamini by'ubuvuzi ni ubushakashatsi bupima umutekano n'ubushobozi bw'ubuvuzi bushya.

Hari igihe, iyo iyi miti igenewe kuvura iri ku isoko, cyangwa niba ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mbere bwagaragaje ko ifite akamaro ku bwoko bwa glioma y'umwana wawe, muganga wawe ashobora kuyiguha hanze y'igerageza rya muganga.

Ingaruka mbi z'ubu buryo bwo kuvura ni izihe?

Vugana na muganga wawe ku ngaruka mbi zishobora guterwa n’uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura. Nubwo abaganga bagerageza uko bashoboye kose kwirinda kwangiza ingingo nzima mu gihe cyo kuvura hakoreshejwe imirasire, zimwe mu ngingo nzima zishobora kwibasirwa. Bitewe n’ibice by’ubwonko byagizweho ingaruka, kuvura hakoreshejwe imirasire bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y’ubwonko, imikurire y’umwana, no kubangamira ikorwa ry’imisemburo.

Ni ngombwa cyane kuganira witonze ku nyungu n'ingaruka zishobora guterwa no kuvurwa n'itsinda ry'abaganga bavura umwana.

Ni iki nakwitega mu gihe umwana wanjye afite glioma yo ku rwego rwo hejuru?

Ikizamini cy'uko umwana wawe azarwara giterwa n'ibintu byinshi, muganga ashobora kuganira nawe. Ubwoko bw'uturemangingo twagizweho ingaruka, imiterere y'uturemangingo, n'ingano y'ikibyimba cyakuweho mu gihe cyo kubagwa, byose bigena ibisubizo.

Baza muganga wawe icyo wakwitega ukurikije uko umwana wawe amerewe.

Igipimo cyo kubaho kwa glioma yo ku rwego rwo hejuru ni ikihe?

Ubu bwoko bwa kanseri bushobora kugaruka nyuma yo kuvurwa. Igipimo cy'imyaka itanu cyo kubaho kwa gliomas zo mu rwego rwo hejuru ku bana kiri munsi ya 20%. Ariko, ni ngombwa kumenya ko izi kanseri zitandukanye cyane. Zikurira ahantu hatandukanye, kandi imiterere y'uturemangingo turimo iratandukanye. Izi tandukaniro zishobora kugira ingaruka ku hazaza h'umwana wawe.

Ni ibihe bibazo ngomba kubaza muganga?

Hari ibibazo byinshi biza mu mutwe mu gihe nk'iki. Ariko ntukibagirwe kubaza muganga wawe ibi bibazo:

• Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura buhari ku mwana wanjye?
• Ni gute aho ikibyimba kiri bigira ingaruka ku buryo bwo kuvura?
• Ni izihe ngaruka zishobora guterwa no kuvurwa?
• Ni ibihe bisubizo twagombye kwitega mu buvuzi?
• Ni gute nakwita ku mwana wanjye mu gihe cyo kuvurwa?
• Ni kangahe umwana wanjye azakenera kuza kuvurwa no gukurikiranwa?

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka

Gusuzuma indwara ya glioma yo mu rwego rwo hejuru bishobora kugorana cyane. Iyi kanseri ikwirakwira vuba, kandi ibibyimba bishobora kugaruka ndetse na nyuma yo kuvurwa. Akenshi ugomba gupima ibyiza byo kuvurwa ukurikije ingaruka mbi udashaka ko umwana wawe agira.

Koresha ibikoresho byose biboneka kugira ngo bigufashe wowe, umwana wawe, n'abandi bagize umuryango wawe muri iki gihe. Vugana na muganga wawe ku bijyanye n'uburyo bwo kuvura n'ibizamini byo kwa muganga. Niba hari serivisi zo kwita ku barwayi barwaye indwara idakira, muganire. Menyesha umwana wawe ko uzahora umushyigikira mu gihe muhanganye n'iki kibazo. Ibi bizaba isoko ikomeye y'imbaraga kuri we.

` Glioma, Kanseri y'ubwonko, Kanseri y'abana, Glioma yo ku rwego rwo hejuru, Kubaga ubwonko, Ubuvuzi bw'imirasire, Chimiotherapie