Ese umwana wawe afite ikibyimba cyo mu bwonko nk'iki? Reka tubimenye (Ganglioglioma)!

Ese umwana wawe arwara indwara yo kurwara mu buryo butunguranye? Cyangwa ahora yinubira ko umutwe we ubabara iyo akangutse mu gitondo? Ni ibisanzwe ko wowe nk'umubyeyi wumva ufite ubwoba bwinshi iyo ubonye ibintu nk'ibi. Hari igihe ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso by'ikibyimba gito mu bwonko. Niyo mpamvu uyu munsi twatekereje kuvuga kuri ubu bwoko budasanzwe bwa kibyimba cyo mu bwonko cyitwa Ganglioglioma . Ntugahangayike, tuzabivugaho mu buryo burambuye kandi bworoshye.

Iyi Ganglioglioma ni iki?

Muri make, Ganglioglioma ni ubwoko budasanzwe bwa kanseri yo mu bwonko. Igizwe n'ubwoko bubiri bw'uturemangingo: uturemangingo tw'imitsi n'uturemangingo tw'imisemburo .

Tekereza kuri ibi, ubwonko bwacu bumeze nk'imashini igoye cyane.

• Uturemangingo tw’imitsi ni nk’insinga zitwara amakuru hirya no hino muri iyi mashini. Utwo turemangingo dufite inshingano zo gutwara amakuru mu mibiri yacu yose.
• Uturemangingo tw’ingirabuzimafatizo (Glial cells) ni nk’insinga zifasha mu gutuma izo nsinga ziguma mu mwanya wazo. Zigize imiterere y’urusobe rw’imitsi rwo hagati , kandi zikorana n’uturemangingo tw’ubwonko kugira ngo tuzifashe gukora neza.

Gangliogliomas kandi yitwa ibibyimba bivanze by’imitsi y’ubwonko n’imitsi y’ubwonko kuko bikora mu ruvange rw’ubwoko bw’uturemangingo twombi. Bikunze kugaragara cyane mu bana no mu rubyiruko .

Inkuru nziza ni uko akenshi, izi gangliogliomas ziba ari nto, zikura buhoro buhoro, kandi ntabwo ari kanseri (itagira ingaruka mbi) . Ibi bivuze ko zitakwirakwira mu bindi bice by'umubiri. Ariko, nubwo zitari kanseri, zishobora guteza ibibazo kuko ziba ziri mu bwonko, bityo ubuvuzi ni ngombwa.

Inyinshi muri ganglioglioma zishyirwa mu cyiciro cya glioma zo mu rwego rwo hasi . Glioma ni ibibyimba bikura mu bwonko cyangwa mu ruti rw'umugongo bitewe n'ikura ritagenzurwa ry'uturemangingo tw'ingirabuzimafatizo. Kubera ko ari zo mu rwego rwo hasi, ntabwo ari kanseri kandi zifite ibyago bike byo kongera kurwara.

Ariko, ni gake cyane, izi Gangliogliomas zishobora kuba nziza cyane . Muri icyo gihe, zishobora kuba mbi . Zirushaho kuba mbi, zikwirakwira vuba, kandi zishobora kongera kugaruka nyuma yo kuvurwa.

Ese hari ubwoko butandukanye bwa gangliogliomas? Zivuka he?

Gangliogliomas zikunze kuboneka mu bice by'ubwonko bwawe biri hafi y'amatwi yawe, byitwa temporal lobes . Ariko, zishobora kuvuka ahantu hose mu bwonko. Urugero:

• Ubwonko - Igice kinini cy'ubwonko bwacu.
• Umutima w'ubwonko - Agace ubwonko n'umugongo bihuriramo.
• Cerebellum - igice kigenzura kuringaniza.
• Thalamus
• Hypothalamus

Si ibi gusa, rimwe na rimwe ibi bibyimba bishobora no kwibasira uruti rw'umugongo .

Hariho ubundi bwoko budasanzwe bwitwa Desmoplastic Infantile Ganglioglioma . Ubusanzwe iyi ndwara ikunze kugaragara mu gice cyo hejuru cy'ubwonko ku bana bato bari munsi y'imyaka 2 .

Iyi ndwara ikunze kugaragara mu rugero rungana iki?

Ganglioglioma mu by’ukuri ni indwara idakunze kugaragara cyane. Urugero, muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, abana bagera ku 4.000 bari munsi y’imyaka 19 bafatwa na kanseri yo mu bwonko cyangwa uruti rw’umugongo buri mwaka. Ariko, hafi 1% kugeza kuri 2% by’abo bana ni bo bafite ganglioglioma. Ibi rero ntabwo bikunze kubaho.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'ibi?

Nkuko nabivuze mbere, kubera ko ibi bibyimba bikunze kugaragara mu bice by'umubiri, hari amahirwe menshi yo kurwara igicuri . Rero, ibibyimba bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cya mbere ubona ku mwana wawe.

Izindi bimenyetso akenshi zikura buhoro buhoro. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'aho ikibyimba kiri mu bwonko:

• Kuribwa umutwe , cyane cyane iyo ubyutse mu gitondo.
• Isesemi no kuruka .
• Kugorwa no kumira .
• Kureba kabiri .
• Ingendo idahamye .
• Kumva unaniwe (Umunaniro) .
• Kuzungera .
• Intege nke ku ruhande rumwe rw'umubiri wawe .

Niba umwana wawe afite kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bimenyetso, ni byiza guhita ubonana na muganga hanyuma akagusuzumisha.

Kuki iyi Ganglioglioma ikura?

Kenshi na kenshi, biragoye kubona impamvu yihariye ituma izi ndwara za Ganglioglioma zikura. Ibi bivuze ko zikura mu buryo butunguranye.

Ariko, abashakashatsi basanze impinduka mu ngirabuzimafatizo muri gene ya BRAF iboneka hagati ya 10% na 60% by'izi gangliogliomas. Ariko, iyi mpinduka mu ngirabuzimafatizo ishobora no kuboneka mu bundi bwoko bwa kanseri, bityo ntibishoboka kuvuga neza ko iyi ari impamvu yihariye itera gangliogliomas.

Ni ibihe bintu bishobora gutera iyi ndwara?

Abana bafite uburwayi bumwe na bumwe bw’uturemangingo (genetic) bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara ibibyimba by’umusonga, harimo na ganglioglioma. Zimwe muri izi ndwara zirimo:

• Ubwoko bwa Neurofibromatosis (NF1)
• Sclerosis y'ibibyimba
• Indwara ya Turcot
• Indwara ya Li-Fraumeni
• Indwara ya Von Hippel-Lindau

Byongeye kandi, amakuru agaragaza ko abahungu muri rusange bafite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara ibibyimba byo mu bwonko no mu ruti rw'umugongo kurusha abakobwa, kandi ko abana b'abazungu barwara ibi bibyimba kenshi kurusha abana b'andi moko.

Ubimenya ute neza?

Niba umwana wawe afite ibi bimenyetso, muganga azabanza kumukorera isuzuma ryimbitse ry’umubiri , hanyuma azabaze ibimenyetso by’umwana wawe n’amateka ye y’ubuzima.

Hanyuma, hakorwa isuzuma ry’imitsi . Ibi bipima ubushobozi bw’umwana bwo gutekereza, imbaraga z’imitsi, imigendere y’umunwa n’amaso, ubwenge bwe, n’uburyo akorana neza.

Nyuma y'ibi bizamini bya mbere, muganga azagusaba ibindi bipimo byinshi kugira ngo yemeze ko arwaye:

• CT scan (Computed tomography - CT scan) : Iyi ikoresha urukurikirane rwa X-ray na mudasobwa kugira ngo ifate amashusho y'ubwonko bw'umwana mu bice bitandukanye.
• MRI scan (Brain magnetic resonance imaging - MRI scan) : Ibi bikoresha rukuruzi ikomeye, imiraba ya radiyo, na mudasobwa kugira ngo bikore amashusho arambuye y'ubwonko. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane mu kumenya aho ikibyimba giherereye n'ingano yacyo.
• EEG (Electroencephalogram - EEG) : Iki kizamini gipima ibimenyetso by'amashanyarazi n'imikorere y'ubwonko bw'umwana. Ibi bishobora gufasha kumenya icyateye igicuri, cyane cyane iyo ari igicuri.
• Isuzuma ry’umubiri : Hari igihe, bitewe n’uko umwana ameze, umuganga w’imitsi ashobora gukora isuzuma ry’umubiri. Ibi bikubiyemo gukuraho agace gato cyane k’umubiri muri iki kibyimba, haba mu kubagwa cyangwa mu gukata gato, hanyuma bigasuzumwa hifashishijwe mikorosikopi n’umuhanga mu by’indwara . Byongeye kandi, iki gipimo cy’umubiri gishobora koherezwa mu bindi bizamini byihariye, nko gupima genomike . Ibi bishobora gufasha kumenya ubwoko nyabwo bw’ikibyimba.

Ganglioglioma ivurwa ite?

Kugira ngo umwana wawe ahabwe ubuvuzi bwiza, ni byiza koherezwa ku kigo nderabuzima cy’abana . Ugomba kubonana n’umuganga w’indwara za kanseri z’abana wemewe n’amategeko cyangwa umuganga w’indwara z’ubwonko z’abana ufite uburambe mu kuvura gangliogliomas.

Uburyo umwana avurwa buterwa n'ibintu byinshi:

• Ubuzima bw'umwana muri rusange, imyaka ye, n'uburwayi yari afite mbere.
• Ubwoko bwa kanseri, aho iherereye mu bwonko, n'ingano yayo.
• Uburemere bw'ikibyimba.
• Uburyo umwana ashobora kwihanganira uburyo bumwe na bumwe bwo kuvurwa, kubagwa, cyangwa imiti.
• Uko ikibyimba kizagenda nk'uko abaganga babyiteze.

Uburyo bwa mbere bwo kuvura ubusanzwe ni ukubaga kugira ngo ikibyimba gikureho. Muganga azagerageza gukuraho ikibyimba kinini gishoboka. Ariko, rimwe na rimwe iyo ikibyimba kiri mu gice cy’ubwonko cyoroshye cyane, bishobora kugorana kukikuraho burundu.

Tekereza, niba ikibyimba kidashobora gukurwaho burundu, kandi niba ari cyiza cyane, abaganga bashobora gukoresha uburyo bwo kuvura hakoreshejwe imirasire .

• Ubuvuzi bushingiye ku mirasire : Ubu bukoresha imirasire ya X-ray cyangwa ubundi bwoko bw'imirasire kugira ngo bwice uturemangingo twa kanseri cyangwa buhagarike gukura cyangwa kwigabanyamo ibice. Ubu buvuzi bushobora kwibanda ku gace nyako karimo ikibyimba no gutanga imirasire. Ubu buvuzi bushobora kuba bwiza niba ikibyimba kirimo gukura buhoro buhoro (kigenda gitera imbere) cyangwa niba cyagarutse nyuma yo kubagwa (kigenda gisubira).
• Ubwivumbure : Ibi bikubiyemo gutanga imiti yica cyangwa igagabanya uturemangingo twa kanseri.
• Ubuvuzi bwibasiwe : Ubu buvuzi kandi bukoresha imiti. Ariko, ubu bukoresha imiti yibasira gusa ikimenyetso runaka cya kanseri. Ganglioglioma nyinshi zifite ibimenyetso byihariye, nk'impinduka mu ngirabuzimafatizo ya BRAF twavuze mbere. Ubu buvuzi bwibasiwe bushobora gusenya ibyo bimenyetso.

Hari igihe abaganga bashobora gusaba abana bafite ibibyimba bigaruka kandi bitakira ubundi buryo bwo kuvura koherezwa mu igeragezwa ry’ubuvuzi , ari naryo suzuma uburyo bushya bwo kuvura.

Ni iki giteganyijwe?

Ibi nibyo ababyeyi benshi bifuza kumenya. Igipimo rusange cy’ubuzima bw’umwana urwaye ganglioglioma mu myaka itanu kiri hejuru ya 90% . Ibi bivuze ko umwana afite amahirwe menshi yo kubaho imyaka itanu nyuma yo kumenyekana.

Ariko, aya mahirwe yo gukira aterwa n'ibintu byinshi, nk'urugero rw'ikibyimba, imyaka y'umwana, n'aho ikibyimba kiri mu bwonko.

Ese hari amahirwe yo gusubira inyuma? (Gusubira inyuma)

Birenga 95% bya gangliogliomas ni indwara yo hasi , bivuze ko idashoboka ko yongera kugaragara nyuma yuko ikibyimba gikuweho burundu.

Ariko, ibibyimba byo mu rwego rwo hejuru, nka Ganglioglioma yo mu rwego rwa 3, bifite amahirwe menshi yo kongera kugaragara nyuma yo kubagwa.

Ese ibi bishobora kwirindwa ko bitabaho?

Ikibabaje ni uko abashakashatsi bataramenya neza impamvu bamwe mu bana barwara Gangliogliomas abandi ntibazi. Kubwibyo, nta buryo bwo gukumira iki kibazo kugeza ubu..

Ni ryari nkwiye kujyana umwana wanjye kwa muganga ?

Niba umwana wawe agize igicuri gitunguranye, cyangwa niba agaragaza kimwe cyangwa byinshi mu bimenyetso navuze mbere muri iyi nkuru (nk'umutwe wo mu gitondo, isesemi, kugorwa no kugenda), ni ngombwa kujyana umwana wawe kwa muganga vuba kugira ngo asuzumwe .

Ibimenyetso bya Ganglioglioma bishobora gusa n'iby'izindi ndwara, bityo ni ngombwa kujya kwa muganga kugira ngo amenye neza uko bigenda.

Ni ibihe bibazo ugomba kubaza muganga?

Iyo umenye ko umwana wawe afite ganglioglioma, ni ibisanzwe kugira ibibazo byinshi mu mutwe wawe. Dore bimwe mu bibazo ushobora kubaza muganga:

• Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa Ganglioglioma umwana wanjye afite?
• Ese ni kanseri?
• Ni gute iyi kanseri izagira ingaruka ku bwonko bw'umwana wanjye no ku buzima bwe?
• Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura?
• Ese ushobora gutanga inama ku matsinda y’ubufasha afasha imiryango y’abana bafite ganglioglioma?

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka...

"Umwana wawe afite ikibyimba cyo mu bwonko." Kumva ayo magambo bishobora kumera nk'aho byacitse mu gihe runaka. Mu kanya gato gatangaje, ubuzima bwawe bushobora kumva ko bwahindutse burundu.

Ariko, ntucike intege. Nubwo aya magambo ashobora kuba ateye ubwoba kandi ateye ubwoba, ibuka ko ganglioglioma nyinshi atari kanseri, ari ibibyimba byo hasi.

Ni ibisanzwe kugira ubwoba iyo umwana wawe abwiwe ko afite ikibyimba, kandi nta gushidikanya ko akeneye kuvurwa. Ariko, umwana wawe ashobora kuvaho vuba . Vugana na muganga w'umwana wawe ku bijyanye n'uburwayi bwe n'uko azamera. Bazaguha amakuru yose ukeneye.

Ganglioglioma , ibibyimba byo mu bwonko, abana, ibibyimba, igicuri, kubagwa ubwonko, kanseri