Abantu benshi bagira ubwoba gato iyo bumvise izina HPV , si byo se? Hari abantu batekereza ko ari kanseri itaziguye. Abandi batekereza ko itera ibiheri gusa. HPV ni iki mu by'ukuri? Ese wari uzi ko abantu benshi bakora imibonano mpuzabitsina bazandura iyi virusi mu gihe runaka mu buzima bwabo? Mbere yuko ugira ubwoba, reka dusubize ibibazo byawe byose kuri yo mu buryo bworoshye kandi bwumvikana.
Mu by'ukuri, HPV ni iki?
Mu magambo make, HPV isobanura virusi ya Human Papillomavirus. Ntabwo ari ubwoko bumwe gusa bw'iyi virusi , ahubwo iraboneka mu moko arenga 100. Hari ubwoko butera ibiheri bisanzwe ku biganza, ku birenge no mu maso. Ariko ingingo nyamukuru tuvugaho uyu munsi ni ubwoko bwa HPV bugira ingaruka ku gitsina.
Hari ubwoko bwa HPV bugera kuri 30. Bushobora kwanduza igitsina cyawe, umura w'inkondo y'umura , igitsina gabo , udusabo tw'intanga , n'ikibuno. Ibisebe byo mu gitsina biterwa n'ubu bwoko bwa HPV.
HPV ni imwe mu ndwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina zikunze kugaragara ku isi. Ni ibisanzwe cyane ku buryo abantu benshi bakora imibonano mpuzabitsina batarakingirwa HPV bazandura iyi virusi mu gihe runaka mu buzima bwabo. Nyamara, abantu benshi ntibazi ko bayirwaye kuko ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri buyikiza.
Ni iyihe sano iri hagati ya HPV na kanseri y'inkondo y'umura?
Aha niho abantu benshi batinya. Yego, hari isano iri hagati y’ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa HPV na kanseri. Ariko si ubwoko bwose bwa HPV butera kanseri.
Amwe mu moko ya HPV “afite ibyago byinshi” , cyane cyane ubwoko bwa 16 na 18, ashobora gutera impinduka zidasanzwe mu turemangingo tw’inkondo y’umura. Ubuganga bwita iki kibazo indwara ya cervical dysplasia . Iyo izi mpinduka mu turemangingo zidavuwe neza, uko igihe kigenda gihita, zishobora kuvamo kanseri y’inkondo y’umura .
Ariko icyo ugomba kwibuka hano ni uko iki gikorwa kimara imyaka myinshi, wenda imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo, kugira ngo kibaho.Irashobora kwanduzwa. Ibyo bivuze ko iyo umaze kwandura HPV, ntuzarwara kanseri.
Niyo mpamvu duhora tuvuga ko ari ngombwa gukora ibizamini bisanzwe nka Pap smears . Ibi bizamini bishobora kugaragaza uturemangingo tudasanzwe mbere yuko tuhinduka kanseri. Hanyuma, hakoreshejwe uburyo bworoshye bwo kuvura, bishobora kwirindwa burundu.
Kugira HPV cyangwa kugira impinduka mu tunyangingo tw’inkondo y’umura ntibivuze ko uzarwara kanseri, ahubwo bivuze ko ugomba kwitonda cyane no kwipimisha nk'uko muganga agusaba.
Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'ubwandu bwa HPV?
Akenshi, ubwandu bwa HPV mu gitsina ntabwo bugaragaza ibimenyetso , ari nayo mpamvu nyamukuru ituma buceceka.
Ariko iyo ibimenyetso bigaragaye, ibikunze kugaragara cyane ni ibibyimba byo mu gitsina .
- Izi ni udusimba duto duto tumeze nk'udukoko twa cauliflower ku ruhu.
- Hari igihe bishobora kumera nk'agace gato k'inyama kamanitse ku ruhu.
- Ibi bishobora kugaragara nyuma y'ibyumweru, amezi, cyangwa se imyaka myinshi umuntu yanduye iyi virusi.
- Ibibyimba byo mu gitsina birandura kandi rimwe na rimwe bishobora gutera uburyaryate n'imibabaro.
Ku rundi ruhande, ubwoko bwa HPV bushobora gutera kanseri akenshi ntabwo bugaragaza ibimenyetso, ndetse n'ibiheri. Buboneka gusa binyuze mu isuzuma nka Pap smear.
| Ubwoko bwa HPV | Indwara ikunze kugaragara cyane |
|---|---|
| HPV ifite ibyago bike (Urugero: Impande 6, 11) | Ibibyimba byo mu gitsina. Nubwo birakaza, ubusanzwe ntabwo bitera kanseri. |
| Ubwoko bwa HPV bufite ibyago byinshi (Urugero: Impande 16, 18) | Ubusanzwe nta bimenyetso bihari, ariko iyo bitavuwe, bishobora gutera kanseri ahantu nka nyababyeyi, mu maraso no mu gitsina. |
HPV ikwirakwira ite?
HPV ni virusi yoroshye kwanduriramo. Impamvu nyamukuru ibitera niYandurira mu gukora ku ruhu. Ishobora kwandurira mu gukora ku gitsina cy'umuntu wanduye mu gihe cy'imibonano mpuzabitsina, imibonano mpuzabitsina yo mu kanwa, cyangwa imibonano mpuzabitsina yo mu kibuno.
Icy'ingenzi ni uko bidasaba ko habaho ihererekanya ry'amazi yo mu mubiri (urugero: amasohoro, amazi yo mu gitsina) kugira ngo byandure. Bishobora kwandurira mu gukoranaho kw'uruhu n'uruhu, kabone n'iyo hatabaho gusohora.
Niyo mpamvu bivugwa ko no gukoresha agakingirizo bitatanga uburinzi 100% kuri HPV. Kubera ko virusi ishobora kuba ikiri ku ruhu rutari mu gakingirizo. Ariko, gukoresha agakingirizo neza kandi buri gihe bishobora kugabanya cyane ibyago byo kwandura .
Ni gute umuntu yamenya ubwandu bwa HPV?
Niba ufite ikintu nk'ibisebe byo mu gitsina, muganga ashobora kugitahura ako kanya. Ariko kugira ngo umenye ubwoko bw'indwara zishobora gutera ibyago byinshi kandi zidafite ibimenyetso, ugomba kwipimisha.
- Pap Smear: Ibi ntibigaragaza virusi ya HPV mu buryo butaziguye. Bishakisha impinduka zidasanzwe mu turemangingo tw’inkondo y’umura zishobora gutera kanseri. Izi mpinduka akenshi ziterwa na HPV.
- Ikizamini cya HPV: Ibi bikoresha ikizamini cya ADN kugira ngo bipime icyitegererezo cy'uturemangingo tw'inkondo y'umura kugira ngo harebwe niba hari ubwoko bwa HPV bushobora gutera kanseri.
- Colposcopy: Niba ibisubizo by'ibipimo bya Pap yawe bidakunze kugaragara, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gukoresha iki kizamini. Ibi bikubiyemo gukoresha igikoresho cyihariye kugira ngo cyongere ubunini bw'inkondo y'umura. Iyo habonetse uturemangingo tudasanzwe, agace gato cyane k'urugingo karafatwa kakoherezwa muri laboratwari kugira ngo gapimwe. Ibi byitwa biopsy .
Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura HPV?
Ibi nabyo ni ingenzi cyane. Nta muti uraboneka wo kurandura burundu virusi ya HPV mu mubiri.
Ariko, ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wacu ni bwiza cyane mu kurwanya iyi virusi. Hafi 90% by'ubwandu bwa HPV bukira ubwabwo mu mwaka umwe cyangwa ibiri nta muti.
Ubuvuzi ni ukuvura ibimenyetso byatewe na virusi. Ibyo bivuze ko:
- Kugira ngo ukureho ibiheri mu gitsina: Ibiheri bishobora gukurwaho hakoreshejwe ibintu nko kubikonjesha hakoreshejwe azote y'amazi (cryosurgery), amavuta yihariye, no kuvura hakoreshejwe laser.
- Gukuraho uturemangingo tudasanzwe mu mura w'inkondo y'umura: Hari uburyo butandukanye bwo kubikoresha. Uburyo bukunze gukoreshwa cyane ni LEEP (Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure) . Ibi bikubiyemo gukata igice cy'umura kirimo uturemangingo tudasanzwe ukoresheje umugozi wihariye ukoresha amashanyarazi. Ubusanzwe ubu ni uburyo bworoshye, bwo kwa muganga.
Wakwirinda ute HPV?
Hari ibintu byinshi ushobora gukora kugira ngo wirinde HPV.
1. Fata urukingo rwa HPV: Ubu ni bwo buryo bw'ingenzi kandi bufite akamaro. Ni byiza gufata urukingo mbere yuko utangira imibonano mpuzabitsina, akenshi uri hagati y'imyaka 11 na 12. Ariko nubwo waba usanzwe ukora imibonano mpuzabitsina, urukingo rushobora kugufasha kwirinda ubwoko bwa HPV utarandura. Vugana na muganga wawe kuri ibi kandi umugire inama.
2. Jya kwisuzumisha buri gihe: Ni ngombwa ko abagore, cyane cyane nyuma y'imyaka 21, bakorerwa ibizamini bya Pap buri gihe. Ibi bishobora gukumira 99% bya kanseri y'inkondo y'umura.
3. Imibonano mpuzabitsina itekanye: Gukoresha agakingirizo neza igihe cyose ukoze imibonano mpuzabitsina bishobora kugabanya ibyago byo kwandura. Ariko ibuka ko atari umutekano 100%.
4. Kuganira n'umukunzi wawe mu buryo bweruye: Niba ufite HPV, kuyibwira umukunzi wawe ni ingenzi ku buzima bwanyu mwembi.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- HPV ni virusi ikunze kugaragara cyane. Hafi ya buri wese ukora imibonano mpuzabitsina ashobora kuyirwara mu gihe runaka mu buzima bwe. Rero nta mpamvu yo kugira isoni.
- Ubwandu bwinshi bwa HPV (hafi 90%) bukira ubwabwo mu mwaka umwe cyangwa ibiri nta muti.
- Ubwoko bwa HPV butera ibiheri mu gitsina ntabwo akenshi butera kanseri.
- Uburyo bwiza bwo kwirinda kanseri y'inkondo y'umura ni ugukora isuzuma rya Pap smears buri gihe.
- Urukingo rwa HPV rutanga uburinzi bwo ku rwego rwo hejuru ku bwoko bw'ingenzi bwa HPV butera kanseri.
- Niba ufite ikibazo, gushidikanya, cyangwa ubwoba kuri HPV, ntukemere gusa ibyo abandi bavuga kuri yo, vugana na muganga wawe mu buryo butaziguye .
HPV, virusi ya Human Papillomavirus, kanseri y'inkondo y'umura, Pap smear, ibibyimba byo mu gitsina, urukingo rwa HPV
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