Ese ibihaha byawe na byo bishobora kwandura allergie? Reka tuvuge kuri (Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)!

Ese rimwe na rimwe ugira ingorane zo guhumeka, cyangwa inkorora gusa? Wenda ibihaha byawe bishobora kwandura uduce tumwe na tumwe tw’umukungugu cyangwa ibihumyo mu kazi kawe cyangwa mu rugo. Ubwo ni bwo bwoko bw’indwara tugiye kuvugaho uyu munsi, yitwa "Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis". Ntugahangayike, reka tubiganireho mu buryo bworoshye.

Iyi `(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)` ni iki? Mu magambo make...

Mu magambo make, Hypersensitivity Pneumonite ni ubwivumbure buterwa n'udusaho duto tw'umwuka mu bihaha byawe (tuzwi kandi nk'aho ari alveoli). Nk'uko rimwe na rimwe imibiri yacu igira ingaruka ku kintu cyatugiraho ingaruka mbi, ni nako ibihaha byacu bigira ingaruka ku bintu bimwe na bimwe. Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kugaragara mu buryo butunguranye (bikabije) bigashira vuba, cyangwa bikaba byakura uko igihe kigenda gihita bikaba akarande .

Noneho uribaza uti "Oh... ibi bisa n'ubwivumbure ku mitezi y'umukungugu cyangwa impongo?" Oya rwose. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis ni ubwoko butandukanye bw'ubwivumbure bw'umubiri n'ubwivumbure busanzwe. Bitandukanye n'ubwivumbure busanzwe butera amazuru abira, amaso asharira, na asima, iyi ni indwara aho guhora uhura n'ubwivumbure kenshi bishobora kwangiza ibihaha burundu. Rero iki ni ikintu cyo kwitondera.

Ubwivumbure buhoraho (chronic hypersensitivity) Indwara ya pneumonite iri mu cyiciro cy'indwara z'ibihaha zo hagati y'ibihaha . Uko igihe kigenda gihita, ibi bishobora gutera inkovu mu bihaha.

Ni nde ufite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara indwara ya Hypersensitivity Pneumonite?

Nubwo iyi ndwara ishobora kugaragara ku muntu uwo ari we wese, abantu bakora imirimo imwe n'imwe kandi bakunze guhura n'ibintu runaka bishobora gutera ubwivumbure bw'umubiri bari mu kaga gakomeye gato. Reba niba uri mu kaga:

• Abantu bakora mu mirima: nk'abaragira inka n'abahinzi b'imboga. Rimwe na rimwe ni ukubera ko bahora bahura n'ibintu nk'ibyatsi n'umukungugu.
• Abantu bakorana n'amatungo: Abaganga b'amatungo, abantu borora amatungo nk'inyoni, inkoko, n'ibindi. Kubera ibintu nk'amababa y'inyoni n'amababa.
• Abantu bakorera ahantu haseswa cyangwa hashyirwa ifu: ahantu nk'inganda zikora umwotsi mu gihugu cyacu.
• Abantu bakora mu nganda zikora imbaho ​​n'inganda zitema ibiti.
• Abantu bo mu bice bitunganya imbaho ​​zo ku rukuta n'impapuro.
• Abakozi bakora mu byuma.
• Abantu bahura n'amabyi y'inyoni n'ubwoya: Gukoresha imisego n'amatelas byuzuye ubwoya nabyo bishobora kuba impamvu y'ibi.
• Abantu bahumeka ibintu bitera ubwivumbure bivuye ku byuma bifasha guhumeka neza, ibikoresho bishyushya n'ibikonjesha, cyangwa mu bwogero bushyuha.
• Ubusanzwe bafite hagati y'imyaka 50 na 70.

Tekereza, mu mazu amwe n'amwe, inyoni nk'ibishwi bubaka ibyari. Iyo ibyo byari bidasukuwe neza, iyi ndwara ishobora no guterwa no guhumeka umukungugu n'umukungugu uva muri byo.

Ese indwara ya Hypersensitivity Pneumonite ni indwara ikomeye?

Yego, `(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)` ni indwara ishobora rimwe na rimwe kuba ikomeye . Kuko, iyo ukomeje guhura n'ibintu bishobora gutuma habaho ubwivumbure, kubyimba mu bihaha bishobora kwangiza burundu. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane gushaka inama z'abaganga vuba niba ufite ibimenyetso.

Ni gute iyi `(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)` igira ingaruka ku mubiri wacu?

Niba ufite "Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis", umubiri wawe ukunze kwandura uduce duto (twita "allergens") uhumeka. Utu duce duto cyane duturuka aho ukorera cyangwa aho utuye. Utu duce ni duto cyane ku buryo dushobora kwinjira mu dusanduku duto tw'umwuka (alveoli) mu bihaha byawe bigatera kubyimba.

Iyo utangiye kugira ikibazo cyo kurwara indwara, ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri wawe bukora imiti ibumenya. Hanyuma, uko uhura n'icyo kibazo inshuro nyinshi, umubiri wawe urushaho kugira ubworoherane kandi ugatangira kugira ubworoherane bukomeye. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, ibi byangiza udusaho tw'umwuka (alveoli) n'imiyoboro mito y'umwuka ihuzwa na byo. Ibyo nibyo bitera ibimenyetso nko kugorwa no guhumeka no gukorora.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya `(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)`?

Ibi bimenyetso bishobora kuba bikomeye cyangwa ibihe bidakira.

Ibimenyetso bya `(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)` byihuse:

Ibi bimenyetso bikunze kugaragara mu masaha make umuntu amaze guhura n’ibintu bishobora gutuma umuntu arwara indwara y’ubwivumbure kandi bishobora kumara amasaha menshi cyangwa iminsi myinshi.

• Guhumeka bigoranye (dyspnea)
• Inkorora yumye
• Gufunga igituza, kumva nk'aho hari ikintu kiziba
• Ubukonje
• Umunaniro mwinshi
• Umuriro
• Kubabara umubiri, ububabare bw'imitsi

Numva meze nk'aho mfite umuriro. Umubiri wanjye uhita wumva uremereye.

Ibimenyetso bya Hypersensitivity Pneumonite idakira:

Ibi bimenyetso bigaragara buhoro buhoro, bikiyongera buhoro buhoro uko igihe kigenda gihita.

• Kugorwa no guhumeka, cyane cyane iyo unaniwe cyangwa ukoze imyitozo ngororamubiri
• Inkorora (wenda irimo ibisebe)
• Umunaniro
• Kugabanya ibiro
• Utuboko cyangwa amano byagutse (Clubbing) - Ibi ntibibaho kuri buri wese.

Ubyumva ute iyo urwaye `(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)`?

Indwara ya `(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)` ishobora kumva nk'ibicurane. `(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)` idakira ishobora kugorana kuyimenya kuko igenda ikura buhoro buhoro. Ushobora kubona uti, "Bisa nkaho mfite ingorane zo guhumeka ubu kurusha mbere," "Inkorora n'umunaniro wanjye bisa nkaho birimo kwiyongera."

Ni iki gitera indwara ya Hypersensitivity Pneumonite?

Impamvu nyamukuru itera indwara ya pneumonite iterwa no kurwara cyane ni uguhumeka ibintu (allergens) bitera allergie mu bihaha. Uko igihe kigenda gihita, ibi bishobora kwangiza ibihaha no gutuma ibimenyetso birushaho kwiyongera. Ibintu birenga 300 byagaragaye ko bitera pneumonite iterwa no kurwara cyane. Ibi birimo:

• Bagiteri
• Ibihumyo n'ibihumyo: Ibi biboneka ku nkuta zishaje, mu bwiherero, no mu byuma bikoresha AC bidasukuye neza.
• Ibinyabutabire bimwe na bimwe n'ibyuma.
• Poroteyine z'inyamaswa n'ibimera: Urugero, poroteyine ziboneka mu bwoya bw'inyoni n'amase y'inyamaswa.

Ingero zimwe na zimwe za `(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)`:

Hari n'amazina atandukanye y'ubwoko bwa "Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis" iterwa n'ibintu bitandukanye bitera allergie. Urugero:

• Ibihaha by'umuhinzi: Biterwa n'ibihumyo biboneka mu bintu nk'ibyatsi n'ibinyampeke.
• Ibihaha bya Bird Fancier: Biterwa na poroteyine ziboneka mu bwoya bw'inyoni no mu bwoya bwazo.
• Imashini ihumeka ibihaha: Iterwa na bagiteri na fungi biva mu bikoresho bihumeka bidasukuye neza hamwe n'ibikoresho bya AC.

Ese COVID-19 itera indwara ya Pneumonite iterwa n'ubukana bwinshi?

Dukurikije amakuru ariho ubu, `(COVID-19)` si impamvu itaziguye ya `(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)`. Ariko, `(COVID-19)` ishobora gutera kubyimba kw'ibihaha, rimwe na rimwe bishobora kumera nka `(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)`. Hari kandi ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko iyo umuntu usanzwe afite `(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)` agize `(COVID-19)`, iyo ndwara ishobora kuba ikomeye kurushaho.

Ni gute indwara ya Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis ipimwa?

Umuganga azagusuzuma indwara ya Hypersensitivity Pneumonite akurikije ibimenyetso byawe, amakuru ajyanye n'akazi kawe, aho utuye, isuzuma ry'umubiri, n'ibindi bizamini byinshi. Muganga azakubaza ibibazo kugira ngo asobanukirwe ibintu bishobora gutuma umuntu arwara indwara ya allergie.

Muganga azatega amatwi ibihaha byawe akoresheje stethoscope, arebe urugero rwa ogisijeni yawe akoresheje igikoresho gito (`pulse oximeter`) gishyirwa ku rutoki rwawe, kandi ashobora no gukora ibizamini by'imikorere y'ibihaha, ibizamini by'amaraso, cyangwa ibizamini by'ishusho.

Ni ibihe bipimo bikoreshwa mu gusuzuma `(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)`?

Kugira ngo yemeze iyi ndwara, muganga ashobora gukora ibizamini bikurikira:

• Gupima amaraso aterwa n'ubwivumbure: Amaraso make afatwa mu kuboko kwawe kugira ngo harebwe niba umubiri wawe ufite ikibazo cy'ubwivumbure butera indwara ya Pneumonite iterwa n'ubwivumbure. Ibi rimwe na rimwe byitwa Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis panel.
• Ibizamini byo gupima: Imirasire yo mu gituza na CT scan bifotora ibihaha kugira ngo harebwe niba hari icyangiritse.
• Ibizamini by'imikorere y'ibihaha: Ibi bikunze kuba birimo guhumeka no kwinjira binyuze mu muyoboro uhujwe n'imashini. Bishobora gupima uburyo ibihaha byawe bikora neza. Bishobora kandi kuba birimo ibizamini by'amaraso n'ibizamini by'imyitozo ngororamubiri.
• Isuzuma rya Bronchoscopy: Muri iki kizamini, umuyoboro muto woroshye (urimo kamera) ushyirwa mu mazuru cyangwa mu kanwa kugira ngo harebwe imbere mu bihaha. Iyo bibaye ngombwa, ibizamini bishobora gufatwa kugira ngo bipimwe.

Ni gute indwara ya Hypersensitivity Pneumonite ivurwa?

Kugira ngo uvure neza indwara ya Hypersensitivity Pneumonite, ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ukwirinda burundu ibintu bishobora gutuma umuntu arwara allergy.

Nubwo wakoresha imiti, iyo ukomeje guhura n’ibintu bishobora gutuma umuntu arwara indwara, ntabwo bizakira burundu. Indwara ya "Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis" idakira rimwe na rimwe ishobora gukomeza kwiyongera, nubwo waba wirinda ibyo bintu bishobora gutuma umuntu arwara indwara.

Muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira imiti igabanya ububyimbirwe mu bihaha byawe, igafungura inzira z'ubuhumekero, cyangwa ikongera urugero rwa ogisijeni mu mubiri wawe.

Ni iyihe miti/uburyo bwo kuvura bukoreshwa kuri `(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)`?

• Corticosteroids cyangwa imiti igabanya ubukana bw'umubiri: Iyi igabanya ububyimbirwe. Urugero, imiti nka prednisone, mycophenolate, cyangwa azathioprine ishobora gutangwa.
• Imiti igabanya ububabare bw'imitsi: Urugero, pirfenidone na nintedanib. Iyi miti igabanya umuvuduko w'inkovu zo mu bihaha.
• Kuvugurura ibihaha: Imyitozo ngororamubiri yo guhumeka no kuvura indwara zifata umubiri bifasha mu koroshya guhumeka.
• Uburyo bwo kuvura umwuka wa ogisijeni: Niba ufite indwara ikomeye ya pneumonite, ushobora gukenera guhabwa umwuka wa ogisijeni w'inyongera kugira ngo amaraso n'ingingo zawe bibona umwuka wa ogisijeni uhagije. Ibi bishobora gutangwa binyuze mu gupfuka mu maso cyangwa mu muyoboro ushyirwa mu mazuru.
• Gutera ibihaha: Niba indwara ya Pneumonite yawe ikomeje kugaragara nk'indwara y'ibihaha , ushobora gukenera guterwa indwara y'ibihaha.

Nzumva meze neza nyuma y'igihe kingana iki?

Ububyimbirwe buterwa no kurwara indwara ya "Hypersensitivity Pneumonite" bushobora gufata amezi menshi kugira ngo ibihaha bikire. Bimwe mu byangiritse bishobora kuba burundu.

Ese indwara ya Hypersensitivity Pneumonite ishobora gukira burundu?

Ubusanzwe indwara ya pneumonite iterwa no kwangirika kw'umubiri iragoye kuyivura burundu. Ariko, pneumonite iterwa no kwangirika kw'umubiri mu gihe gito ishobora gukira hakoreshejwe imiti cyangwa idafite iyo miti iyo wirinze burundu iyo urwaye allergen.

Ni gute wakwirinda `(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)`?

Kwangirika guterwa na `(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)` idakira ntibishobora gusubizwa inyuma. Kubwibyo, ikintu cyiza cyo gukora ni ukwirinda ibintu bishobora gutera ububabare mu bihaha. Niba ugomba kuba uri ahantu nk'aho, ushobora gukora ibi kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago byo kurwara:

• Niba ukora akazi kateje akaga (ubukorikori bw'ibyuma, gukorana n'inyoni cyangwa izindi nyamaswa, gukorana n'ibiti, impapuro, ibinyampeke, nibindi), ambara ibikoresho byo kwirinda (PPE) mu gihe ukora. Cyane cyane koresha agapfukamunwa gasukura uduce duto tw'udukoko.
• Komeza ibikoresho bitanga ubushuhe, ubwogero bushyuha, uburyo bwo gushyushya no gukonjesha busukure kandi buri mu mimerere myiza.
• Irinde gukoresha imisego n'amatelas byuzuye amababa.
• Komeza ugire isuku ahantu amatungo yawe (cyane cyane aho inyoni ziherereye). Ambara agapfukamunwa mu gihe uhasukura.

Ni iki wakwitega niba ufite `(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)`?

Icyo ushobora kwitega biterwa n'igihe umaze urwaye indwara ya Pneumonite iterwa n'ubukana bwayo.

• "Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis" ikabije irashira mu minsi mike, keretse iyo umuntu yongeye guhura n'ibintu bishobora gutera ubwivumbure.
• Subacute ``Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis`` (iterwa no guhora umuntu ahura n'ibintu bishobora gutuma umuntu arwara indwara) ishobora kumara amezi menshi kandi ubusanzwe ivurwa n'imiti.
• Ubusanzwe indwara ya “pneumonia” idakira neza, ariko ibimenyetso bishobora kugenzurwa n’imiti.

Ingorane za `(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)`

Gukomeza guhura n'ibintu bitera ubwivumbure bukabije mu mitsi yo mu bwoko bwa Pneumonite bishobora gutera ingorane zikomeye, harimo:

• Inkovu mu bihaha (pulmonary fibrosis)
• Umuvuduko w'amaraso uri hejuru hagati y'umutima n'ibihaha (umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso mu bihaha)

Ni iki giteganijwe kuri iyi ndwara `(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)`?

Uko indwara ya pneumonite idakira iterwa n’uko ibihaha byawe byangiritse, biterwa n’uko ibihaha byawe byangiritse. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko niba ibihaha byawe bidafite inkovu, ushobora gutera imbere mu mwaka umwe nyuma yo kubimenya. Abantu bafite inkovu mu bihaha byabo bashobora gupfa bazize pneumonite mu myaka mike niba badatewe ibihaha. Ibi bishobora kumvikana nk'ibiteye ubwoba, ariko ni ngombwa kumenya aya makuru.

Imyaka yo kubaho y'umuntu ufite `(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)` ni iyihe?

Ibi kandi biterwa n'uburemere bw'ibyangiritse ku bihaha. Gutera ibihaha bishobora kongera igihe.

• Ku muntu udafite inkovu (nta fibrosis): Icyizere cy'ubuzima kirenze imyaka 15 nyuma yo kurwara indwara.
• Ku muntu ufite inkovu ariko nta kindi cyangiritse mu bihaha (urugero: ubuki bw'ubuki):Nyuma y'imyaka igera kuri 8 basanze iyi ndwara.
• Ku muntu wangiritse cyane - inkovu n'ubuki buvanze n'ibisebe: nyuma y'imyaka 3 arwaye.

Ibi bipimo ntibigutere ubwoba. Ibi ni ibintu bisanzwe. Ibi bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'umuntu ku wundi. Icy'ingenzi ni ugukurikiza inama za muganga.

Ni gute nakwitaho mfite `(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)`?

Niba warafashwe na Hypersensitivity Pneumonite, korana na muganga wawe kugira ngo mushyireho gahunda yo kugabanya kwangirika kw'ibihaha byawe. Fata imiti yose uko byategetswe. Baza muganga wawe imyitozo ngororamubiri n'imyitozo yo guhumeka ushobora gukorera mu rugo kugira ngo urusheho kunoza imikorere y'ibihaha byawe.

Ni ryari nkwiye kujya kwa muganga ku bijyanye n'indwara ya `(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)`?

Niba ufite ibimenyetso bya `(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)`, hita ubonana na muganga. Niba usanzwe ufite `(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)`, jya kwa muganga niba ugaragaje ibimenyetso bishya cyangwa niba ibimenyetso byawe birushijeho kwiyongera.

Ni ibihe bibazo ngomba kubaza muganga wanjye?

• Ni iki cyatumye ngira `(Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis)`?
• Nigute nakwirinda ibintu bishobora gutera allergie?
• Ese ibihaha byanjye byangiritse? Bimeze bite?
• Ese iki kibazo gishobora gusubizwa inyuma?
• Uyu muti nkwiye kuwukoresha nte?
• Bizantwara igihe kingana iki kugira ngo ngire gukira?
• Ni ryari nkwiye kuzaza kureba?

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Hypersensitivity pneumonite ni indwara ishobora kwangiza ibihaha cyane nyuma yo guhura n’ibintu bishobora gutera allergie kenshi. Ariko, iyo igaragaye hakiri kare, iyi ngendo ishobora guhagarikwa mbere yuko habaho kwangirika kudasubirwaho. Niba ufite ibimenyetso by’ibihaha bidashira, ni ngombwa kujya kwa muganga vuba.

Niba warafashwe na Hypersensitivity Pneumonite, vugana na muganga wawe mu buryo butarimo ubukana bw'indwara yawe. Ibi bizagufasha gutegura gahunda y'ibyo witeze n'uburyo bwo kunoza uburyo uhumeka n'ubuzima bwawe. Ntugahangayike, iyi ndwara ishobora kwitabwaho hakoreshejwe uburyo bukwiye bwo kuvurwa no guhindura imibereho yawe.

Ubuhanga bwo kubabara cyane mu mitsi ( pneumonia), ubwivumbure mu bihaha, indwara zo guhumeka, inkorora idakira, guhumeka bigoranye, ubwivumbure, umusonga