Ese uhora unaniwe? Ese iki cyaba ari ikibazo ku gasabo k'ubwonko kawe? (Hypopituitarism)

Ese hari igihe wumva umubiri wawe ufite intege nke, nk'aho hari ikintu kibura? Ahari impamvu y'ibi ni ikibazo gito kiri muri imwe mu ngirabuzimafatizo ntoya ariko z'ingenzi cyane mu mubiri wawe. Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga kuri hypopituitarisme , indwara idakunze kugaragara mu ngirabuzimafatizo ya pituitary . Ntugahangayike, tuzabivugaho mu buryo bworoshye, mu buryo ushobora kumva.

Hypopituitarism ni iki?

Mu magambo make, hypopituitarism ni igihe ingirabuzimafatizo yawe ya pituitary idakora imisemburo ihagije. Ubu ushobora kuba wibaza iyo misemburo. Imisemburo ni nk'ubutumwa bw'ibinyabutabire butuma imibiri yacu ikora neza. Imisemburo ya pituitary igenzura ibintu byinshi, harimo imikorere yacu, imikurire y'umubiri, iterambere ry'imibonano mpuzabitsina, n'imyororokere.

Tekereza nk'aho ari ikigo gito cy'ubuyobozi mu mubiri wacu, ingirabuzimafatizo ya pituitary. Ariko ntabwo ikora yonyine. Ifashwa n'ikindi gice cy'ingenzi cy'ubwonko cyitwa hypothalamus . Hypothalamus ibwira ingirabuzimafatizo ya pituitary iti: "Sawa, rekura imisemburo ubu ngubu." Hypothalamus igenzura kandi ibintu nk'umuvuduko w'amaraso, umuvuduko w'umutima, ubushyuhe bw'umubiri, n'igogora. Rero, niba hari ibyangiritse cyangwa indwara kuri ingirabuzimafatizo ya pituitary cyangwa hypothalamus, ushobora kugira hypopituitarism.

Iyi ndwara ishobora kubaho mu buryo butunguranye, ndetse no nyuma y’impanuka. Cyangwa ishobora kwiyongera buhoro buhoro mu mezi cyangwa imyaka. Akenshi, aba bantu bazakenera gufata imiti ubuzima bwabo bwose kugira ngo bagenzure ibimenyetso byabo. Ariko ntugahangayike, muganga wawe azagukurikiranira hafi kandi aguhe ubuvuzi bukenewe.

Ese hari ubwoko butandukanye bwa hypopituitarism?

Yego, ishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi. Bumwe bushingiye ku ngano y'imisemburo ibura .

• Kubura pituitary ukwayo: Muri ibi, imisemburo imwe gusa ya pituitary niyo ibura.
• Kubura imisemburo myinshi ya pituitary: Ibi bibaho iyo imisemburo ibiri cyangwa irenga ya pituitary ibuze.
• Panhypopituitarism: Iyi ni indwara idakomeye cyane aho imisemburo yose ikorwa n'agace ka pituitary igabanuka.

Hanyuma, bishyirwa mu byiciro hakurikijwe icyabiteye n'uburyo ingirabuzimafatizo ya pituitary yibasiwe :

• Hypopituitarisme y'ibanze: Ibi biterwa n'ibyangiritse cyangwa indwara zigira ingaruka ku gatsi k'ubwonko.
• Hypopituitarisme ya kabiri: Ibi biterwa no kwangirika cyangwa indwara kuri hypothalamus. Wibuke ko hypothalamus ari yo itanga amabwiriza ku ngirabuzimafatizo ya pituitary.
• Idiopathic hypopituitarism: Hari igihe impamvu idashobora kuboneka.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya Hypopituitarism?

Ibimenyetso biratandukanye bitewe n'imisemburo idafite akamaro . Ibintu bikurikira nabyo bigira uruhare:

• Igitsina cyawe.
• Imyaka yawe igihe iki kibazo cyatangiriye .
• Impamvu ya hypopituitarisme.
• Uburyo imisemburo yagabanutse vuba .

Noneho reka turebe ibimenyetso bigaragara iyo buri misemburo iri hasi.

Ibimenyetso by'ibura ry'imisemburo ikura (GH)

Ku bana bavutse:

• Isukari nke mu maraso (Hypoglycemia) .
• Kugira igitsina cy'umugabo gito cyane (Micropenis) .

Ku bana bato:

• Gukura bigenda buhoro cyane cyangwa ntibigende neza. Urugero, niba umwana wawe asa n'aho adakura cyane ugereranyije n'abandi bana bo mu kigero cye, ibi bishobora kuba ikimenyetso cy'ibi.
• Uburebure bugufi .
• Gutinda cyangwa kutagera ku mibonano mpuzabitsina mu gihe cy'ubugimbi.

Ku bantu bakuru:

• Umunaniro ukabije uhoraho . Kumva nk'aho bateri yazimye.
• Kumva nta byishimo kandi ntanyuzwe n'ubuzima.
• Kugabanuka k'ubushake bw'imibonano mpuzabitsina n'ubushake bwo kuyikora .
• Ubwinshi bw'ibinure, cyane cyane hafi y'ikibuno .
• Kugabanuka k'ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira ubukonje n'ubushyuhe .
• Kugabanuka k'umubyimba w'imitsi .
• Kugabanuka kw'imbaraga n'ubushobozi bwo kwihangana mu gihe ukora imyitozo ngororamubiri.

Ibimenyetso by'ibura ry'imisemburo itera thyroid (TSH)

Ku bana bavutse:

• Kugabanuka kw'imitsi (amaguru yumva nta buzima afite).
• Ubushyuhe bw'umubiri buri hasi (Hypothermia) .
• Kumva ufite ibyimbe .
• Arira mu ijwi riranguruye kandi ritagira icyo rikora .

Ku bana bato n'abantu bakuru:

Ibimenyetso byabyo bisa n'ibya hypothyroidism , kuko imisemburo ya TSH itera imbaraga imyuka ya tiroyide gukora imisemburo yayo.

• Umunaniro ukabije .
• Uruhu rwumye n'umusatsi woroshye/utakaza .
• Kwihagarika impatwe .
• Kongera ibiro .
• Intege nke z'imitsi .
• Kugabanuka k'ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira ubukonje .
• Indwara zo mu mutwe nko kwiheba .
• Abagore bashobora kugira imihango idahoraho cyangwa kuva amaraso menshi kurusha uko bisanzwe .

Ibimenyetso by'ibura rya Hormone Itera Follicle (FSH) cyangwa imisemburo ya Luteinizing (LH)

FSH na LH ni imisemburo yitwa gonadotropins . Iyi misemburo igira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku buryo bw'imyororokere yacu.

Ku bana b'abahungu bavutse:

• Kugira igitsina cy'umugabo gito cyane (Micropenis) .
• Amasaya adasesenguye .

Ku bana bato:

• Kubura imikurire y'amabere ku bakobwa.
• Amasaro y'abahungu ntabwo akura .
• Umubiri ntugira ubwiyongere butunguranye bw'uburebure (gukura vuba) mu gihe cy'ubugimbi.

Ku bagabo:

• Kugabanuka k'ubushake bw'imibonano mpuzabitsina .
• Umunaniro ukabije .
• Ubugumba .
• Kudakora neza kw'imyanya y'uburibwe .
• Gutakaza ubwoya bwo mu maso cyangwa ku mubiri .

Ku bagore:

• Ubushyuhe buke .
• Umunaniro ukabije .
• Ubugumba .
• Gushyuha cyane - Kumva ubushyuhe butunguranye mu mubiri.
• Guhera mu mihango ku buryo butunguranye cyangwa guhagarika burundu imihango (Amenorrhea) .
• Gutakaza umusatsi mu nda yo hasi .
• Kunanirwa gukora amashereka nyuma yo kubyara umwana .

Ibimenyetso by'ibura rya hormone ya Adrenocorticotropic (ACTH cyangwa Corticotropin)

Ku bana bavutse:

• Isukari nke mu maraso (Hypoglycemia) .
• Kongera ibiro buhoro cyane (Kunanirwa gukura neza) . Ni nk'aho umwana adakonja nubwo anywa amata ahagije.
• Indwara zo mu mutwe .
• Ibara ry'umuhondo w'uruhu (Jaundice) .

Ku bana bato n'abantu bakuru:

• Umunaniro ukabije .
• Kugabanya ibiro nta mpamvu iyo ari yo yose .
• Umuvuduko w'amaraso uri hasi (Hypotension) .
• Isesemi no kuruka .
• Isukari nke mu maraso (Hypoglycemia) .
• Urujijo, guta ubwenge .

Ibimenyetso byo kubura Prolactin

Ikintu nyamukuru kiranga ibi ni ukubura amashereka nyuma yo kubyara .

Ibimenyetso byo kubura Oxytocin

• Ibibazo byo konsa umwana nyuma yo kuvuka.
• Kugorwa no gusabana n'umwana nyuma yo kuvuka.
• Kutagira impuhwe ku mibabaro y'abandi.
• Kugorwa no kuvugana n'abandi.

Ibimenyetso by'ibura rya hormone irwanya diuretike (ADH cyangwa Vasopressin cyangwa Arginine Vasopressin)

Ku bana bavutse:

• Kuruka .
• Umuriro utazwi .
• Kurira cyane .
• Kugabanya ibiro .
• Kwihagarika impatwe .
• Kunyobwa kenshi mu matwi (Amatwi atose cyane) .

Ku bana bato:

• Ingorane mu gutoza ubwiherero .
• Kunyara ku buriri .
• Kunanirwa vuba .

Ku bantu bakuru:

• Kwihagarika inkari kenshi .
• Inyota ikabije .
• Kudahuza kwa electrolyte .

Icy'ingenzi: Ntugahangayike niba ufite kimwe cyangwa bibiri muri ibi bimenyetso, ariko niba bikomeje, ni byiza gushaka inama kwa muganga.

Ni izihe mpamvu zitera hypopituitarisme?

Hari impamvu nyinshi zitera iyi ndwara. Hari n'igihe abaganga badashobora kugaragaza impamvu nyayo. Muri rusange, ishobora guterwa n'ibintu bitatu by'ingenzi:

1. Gukanda icyuma cya pituitary cyangwa hypothalamus.

2. Kwangirika kwa pituitary gland cyangwa hypothalamus.

3. Kugira indwara idakunze kugaragara cyangwa indi ndwara itera hypopituitarisme.

Ibihe bigira ingaruka ku gahumyo ka pituitary cyangwa hypothalamus

Ibintu bishobora gushyira igitutu kuri ibi bice by'ubwonko bigatera hypopituitarisme birimo:

• Adenomas y'ubuhumekero bw'umuyoboro w'amaraso: Izi ni ibibyimba bidakomeye biba mu gasabo k'amaraso. Bishobora guhindura uburyo imisemburo ikorwa.
• Ibibyimba byo mu bwonko: Ibibyimba bikura hafi ya hypothalamus cyangwa pituitary gland bishobora kubangamira ikorwa ry'imisemburo.
• Lymphocytic hypophysitis (LH): Iyi ni indwara idasanzwe. Aha, uturemangingo twitwa lymphocytes twinjira mu gasabo ka pituitary. (Iyi LH ntigomba kwitiranywa na Luteinizing Hormone twavuze mbere, sibyo?!)
• Sarcoidosis y'imitsi yo mu bwonko cyangwa hypothalamus: Sarcoidosis ni indwara itera ububyimbirwe.

Ibintu byangiza ingirabuzimafatizo ya pituitary cyangwa hypothalamus

• Kubagwa: Ingorane mu gihe cyo kubagwa ubwonko (cyane cyane kubagwa kugira ngo hakurweho adenomas y'ubwonko).
• Ubuvuzi bushingiye ku mirasire: Imirasire yakoreshejwe mu kuvura kanseri cyangwa adenomas zo mu bwonko.
• Ibikomere bikomeye byo mu mutwe (Ibikomere byo mu bwonko bikomeretsa cyane - TBI):Ibintu nk'impanuka z'imodoka, kugwa, n'imvune za siporo.
• Kubura kwa pituitary: Kwangirika gutunguranye kw'uturemangingo tw'ingirabuzimafatizo za pituitary.

Indwara zidasanzwe

• Hemochromatosis y'uruhererekane: Iyi ni indwara iterwa n'uturemangingo. Itera icyuma cyinshi kwirundanya mu maraso. Ibi bishobora kwangiza igitsina cya pituitary.
• Meningite iterwa na bagiteri: Nubwo idakunze kubaho, hypopituitarisme ishobora kubaho nk'ingaruka za meningite iterwa na bagiteri.
• Impinduka mu miterere y'uturemangingo: Hari indwara zimwe na zimwe zidasanzwe zishobora gutera kubura imisemburo ya pituitary.

Ni ibihe bintu bishobora gutera ibyago?

Ibintu bikurikira cyangwa ibintu bishobora kuba impamvu zishobora gutera hypopituitarisme:

• Kuba narabanje kuvurwa kanseri n'imirasire .
• Gukomereka k'umutwe cyangwa ubwonko: Hagati ya 27% na 32% by'abantu bakomeretse ku mutwe (TBI) barwara hypopituitarism.
• Anemia y'uturemangingo tw'umusemburo: Iyi ndwara ishobora gutera kubura imisemburo ya pituitary.
• Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1: Kwangirika kw'imitsi n'amaraso guterwa na diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 idagenzurwa bishobora gutera iyi ndwara.
• Gutwita no kubyara: Kuva amaraso menshi nyuma yo kubyara bishobora kwangiza ingirabuzimafatizo z'ubwonko. Iyi ndwara yitwa Sheehan syndrome .

Ingorane zishoboka

Kubura imisemburo ijyana na hypopituitarism bishobora gutera izindi ndwara. Izi ngaruka ziratandukanye bitewe n'imisemburo idafite. Dore ingero zimwe na zimwe:

• Kubura GH (imisemburo ikura) bishobora gutera umubyibuho ukabije , cholesterol nyinshi , ndetse n'indwara ya metabolisme .
• Kubura imisemburo ya estrogen (kubera kubura FSH) bishobora gutera indwara ya osteoporosis ( kugabanuka kw'amagufwa) ku bagore.
• Kubura ACTH bishobora gutera ikibazo cy’intanga ngore , bikaba byateza ikibazo gikomeye mu buzima.

Ni ibihe bipimo bikorwa kugira ngo hamenyekane iyi ndwara?

Muganga wawe ashobora gutegeka ibi bizamini kugira ngo apime hypopituitarism:

• Gupima amaraso ku rugero rw'imisemburo: Bitewe n'ibimenyetso byawe, muganga wawe ashobora gutegeka ko amaraso apima urugero rw'imisemburo itandukanye.
• Ibipimo byo gukangura imisemburo: Muri iki kizamini, muganga azaguha umuti wo gukangura imisemburo ya pituitary yawe kugira ngo irekure imisemburo irimo gupimwa. Hanyuma, amaraso arafatwa yoherezwa muri laboratwari kugira ngo apimwe.
• Ikizamini cyo kwihanganira insuline: Ibi bishobora kugaragaza imisemburo ikura (GH) na ACTH.
• Ibipimo bya Osmolality ku maraso n'inkari: Ibi bizamini byo kubura imisemburo irwanya diuretike (ADH).
• MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) Scan: MRI scan ifata amashusho arambuye y’imbere mu mubiri wawe. MRI scan y’ubwonko ifatwa nk’uburyo bwiza bwo kubona ibibyimba byo mu bwonko bitera hypopituitarism.
• Isuzuma rya CT (Computed Tomography) mu bwonko: Iki kizamini gishobora gukoreshwa mu kureba niba hari ikibyimba cyo mu bwonko cyangwa adenoma y’ubwonko itera iyi ndwara.

Hypopituitarism ivurwa ite?

Nubwo nta muti uhari, ushobora kuvurwa . Ubuvuzi buterwa n'imisemburo idahagije n'icyateye ikibazo cyawe . Itsinda ry'abaganga rizagufasha gutegura gahunda y'ubuvuzi ikubereye. Uburyo busanzwe bwo kuvura burimo:

• Uburyo bwo kuvura indwara ziterwa n’imisemburo: Intego y’ibi ni ukugarura imisemburo yagabanutse mu maraso y’umuntu ikagera ku rugero rusanzwe. Akenshi, imiti igomba gufatwa ubuzima bwawe bwose.
• Kubagwa: Abantu bafite adenomas zo mu bwonko bashobora gukenera kubagwa kugira ngo bazikureho.
• Ubuvuzi bushingiye ku mirasire: Ubuvuzi bushingiye ku mirasire bushobora gufasha kugabanya adenomas zo mu bwonko.

Muganga wawe ashobora kandi kukugira inama yo guhora witwaje ikarita y'indangamuntu cyangwa umukandara wo kwa muganga , mu gihe habaye ikibazo cyihutirwa.

Ni iki giteganyijwe ku ndwara ya hypopituitarism?

Uko ibintu bihagaze biratandukanye, bitewe n'ibi bintu:

• Imyaka yawe igihe ibimenyetso byawe byatangiriye .
• Impamvu y'imimerere yawe .
• Uburyo imisemburo igabanuka.
• Uko umubiri wawe witabira kuvurwa .

Abantu benshi bafite hypopituitarism babaho ubuzima bwiza. Ariko, iyo habayeho kwangirika k'ubwonko mu gihe kirekire, igihe cyo kubaho gishobora kuba gito ugereranyije n'icy'umuntu uri mu kigero kimwe udafite iyo ndwara. Ariko, igihe cyo kubaho ntabwo kigabanuka ku bakurikiza gahunda ikwiye yo kuvurwa .

Bite ho mu gihe habayeho ikibazo cyihutirwa? Iyo indwara ya hypopituitarism ibaye mu buryo butunguranye, ikaba ikomeye, kandi itaravurwa, ishobora kuba ikibazo cyihutirwa cy’ubuvuzi ndetse ikaba yanaviramo urupfu. Niba rero ubonye ibimenyetso, hita ubonana na muganga.

Ni ryari ngomba kujya kwa muganga?

Kenshi na kenshi, hypopituitarism isaba gukurikiranira hafi imisemburo yangiritse ubuzima bwose . Jyana na muganga wawe buri gihe kugira ngo umenye neza ko gahunda yawe yo kuvura ikora neza.Niba ufite ibimenyetso bishya cyangwa biteye impungenge, hamagara muganga wawe vuba bishoboka.

Ni ibihe bibazo ngomba kubaza muganga wanjye?

Niba usanzwe urwaye hypopituitarism, ushobora kubaza muganga wawe ibi bibazo:

• Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa hypopituitarism mfite?
• Ni iyihe misemburo iri hasi muri njye?
• Impamvu ni iyihe?
• Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura mfite?
• Ese hari ingaruka mbi zishobora guterwa n'ubuvuzi bwanjye?
• Nkeneye gufata umuti igihe kingana iki?
• Ese ibi bigira ingaruka ku burumbuke bwanjye?
• Ese ibi bigira ingaruka ku gutwita kwanjye?
• Ese ibi bishobora no kuba ku bana banjye?

Amaherezo, ibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Gusuzuma indwara nshya bishobora gutera ubwoba, ariko ntutinye kubaza muganga wawe ibibazo bijyanye na hypopituitarisme. Kenshi na kenshi, ubuvuzi bw'ubuzima bwose no kugenzura imisemburo ni ngombwa. Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa kubonana na muganga wawe buri gihe. Niba ufite ibimenyetso bishya cyangwa biteye impungenge, hamagara muganga wawe. Barahari kugira ngo bagufashe. Iyo ufashwe neza, ushobora kubaho ubuzima bwiza kandi ukora cyane.

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