Ese wigeze utekereza ko umutima wacu umeze nk'imashini nto ikora mu buryo butunguranye? Ariko rimwe na rimwe iyi njyana ishobora kugorana. Ibyo bivuze ko umutima utera vuba cyane, bishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga. Muri ibyo bihe, uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku gikoresho gito gikora nk'uburinzi bw'umutima wawe.
Iyi ICD ni iki?
Mu magambo make, ICD (Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator) ni igikoresho gito gikoreshwa na bateri gikurikirana umuvuduko w'umutima wawe amasaha 24 ku munsi. Ni nk'umurinzi w'ubuzima ushyizwe mu mutima wawe. Kimenya igihe umuvuduko w'umutima wawe uhinduka utari mwiza cyane (indwara twita arrhythmias) kandi kigatera shock nto y'amashanyarazi kugira ngo gisubize umuvuduko w'umutima wawe.
Iyi ICD ikunze kubagwa ishyirwa munsi y'uruhu rw'igituza cyawe. Ingana n'isaha nto yo guhagarara. Irimo bateri n'urusobe rw'amashanyarazi rukurikirana imikorere y'umutima wawe. Insinga imwe cyangwa nyinshi zoroshye (`(leads)`) zihujwe n'iki gikoresho zijya mu byumba by'umutima wawe kugira ngo zikurikirane, kandi nibiba ngombwa, zigatanga amashanyarazi.
ICD nyinshi zirimo kandi pacemaker, igenzura umuvuduko w'umutima. Ibi bivuze ko ikora ibintu bibiri.
Ni nde ukeneye ICD?
Ubusanzwe, ICD igirwa inama ku bantu bafite ibyago byinshi byo gupfa bazize guhagarara k'umutima mu buryo butunguranye. Hari indwara nyinshi zishobora kongera ibi byago.
| Indwara | Ibisobanuro byoroshye |
|---|---|
| Niba warigeze kugira indwara y'umutima cyangwa umutima uhagaze mbere | Abantu bafite amateka nk'aya bafite ibyago byinshi byo kongera kubaho. |
| Tachycardia yo mu mitsi | Injyana iteje akaga aho icyumba cyo hasi cy'umutima (ventricles) gitera vuba cyane. |
| Gucika intege kw'imitsi yo mu miyoboro y'amaraso | Indwara ishobora kwica aho icyumba cyo hasi cy'umutima gihinda umushyitsi mu buryo butunguranye. |
| Umutima unanirwa bitewe n'igice gito cyo gusohora | Ingaruka ziyongera iyo umutima udashobora kohereza amaraso ahagije mu mubiri. |
| Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy | Indwara iterwa no kubyimba kw'imitsi y'umutima. |
| Izindi ndwara z’uturemangingo | Urugero, indwara nka Brugada syndrome na Long QT syndrome. |
Witegura ute mbere y'uku kubagwa?
Mbere yo kubagwa kugira ngo utere ICD, muganga wawe azagusaba gukora ibintu bimwe na bimwe. Ibi bikorwa kugira ngo umenye neza ko umeze neza igihe uzabagwa.
- Ibizamini bitandukanye: Ushobora gusabwa gukora ibintu nko gupima amaraso n'inkari, ikizamini cya electrocardiogram (ECG) kireba imikorere y'amashanyarazi y'umutima, na echocardiogram ireba imikorere n'imiterere y'umutima.
- Icyitonderwa: Niba ufite ibibazo byo kuvura amaraso cyangwa ufata imiti igabanya amaraso, ugomba kubimenyesha muganga wawe. Ugomba no kumubwira izindi ndwara zose ufite (diyabete, asima, indwara z'impyiko).
- Allergie: Niba ufite ubwivumbure ku bintu bikoreshwa mu bizamini bimwe na bimwe (irangi ritandukanye cyangwa iyode), turakwinginze utubwire na byo.
- Kwiyiriza ubusa: Uzasabwa kwirinda kurya cyangwa kunywa amasaha make mbere yo kubagwa (kwiyiriza ubusa).
Ni ngombwa cyane gukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe neza.
Ni iki kibaho mu gihe cyo kubagwa?
Ubu buryo bwo kubaga busanzwe bufata amasaha make. Akenshi, hakorwa akantu gato hafi y'igufwa ryawe maze uduce twa ICD tugashyirwa mu mitsi y'amaraso tukagera mu mutima wawe. Ibi byitwa uburyo bwo kuvura imitsi.
Dore ibisobanuro byoroshye intambwe ku yindi by'uburyo kubagwa bikorwa:
1. Ubwa mbere, uzaterwa ikinya burundu (``anesthesité general``) cyangwa agace k'aho kubagwa kazakorerwa gusa kazashyirwamo ibinure (`anesthesité local``).
2. Hanyuma muganga atema gato ku ruhu hafi y'umukandara.
3. Binyuze muri ibyo, umutsi munini w'amaraso, nk'umutsi wo mu gice cya subclavian, winjizwa, maze insinga ziyoborwa neza mu byumba by'umutima bikwiye.
4. Noneho agakoresho ka ICD (igice gito gisa n'agasanduku) gashyirwa mu mwanya muto wakozwe munsi y'uruhu rwaciwe.
5. Hanyuma insinga zoherejwe ku mutima zihuzwa na ICD.
6. Ibyo byose bimaze kurangira, reba niba igikoresho n'insinga bikora neza.
7. Iyo byose bimeze neza, aho uruhu rucagagurwa hapfundikirwa.
Ni izihe nyungu n'ingaruka z'ibi?
Akamaro nyamukuru
Akamaro gakomeye kandi konyine k'ibi ni ubushobozi bwo kurokora ubuzima .
Mu magambo make, iki gikoresho gito gishobora gukumira urupfu rutunguranye ruturutse ku mikorere y'umutima iteje akaga. Gishobora kandi kwandika amakuru yerekeye imikorere y'umutima wawe no gufasha muganga wawe gufata ibyemezo byo kuvura.
Ingaruka n'ingorane
Nkuko bigenda mu kubagwa kose, hari ingaruka zimwe na zimwe ziterwa, ariko akenshi izi ngaruka ntizikunze kubaho.
| Ingaruka/Ingorane | Ibisobanuro |
|---|---|
| Kuva amaraso cyangwa gukomereka | Bishobora kubaho aho bakorewe ubuvuzi. |
| Indwara zandurira mu mubiri | Kwandura kwanduza igikoresho cyangwa kwanduza igikoresho. |
| Ibibazo by'ibihaha (Pneumothorax) | Hari ibyago bike cyane byo kwangirika kw'ibihaha mu gihe cyo kubagwa. |
| Uburyo bwo gutwara igikoresho cyangwa insinga | Gushobora kwimura igikoresho cyangwa insinga byashyizweho biva aho byagenewe. |
| Gukoresha amashanyarazi mu buryo budakwiriye | Ihungabana riterwa n'indi mikorere y'umutima idashyira ubuzima mu kaga. |
Ibintu ugomba kuzirikana mu gihe ubana n'indwara ya ICD
Nyuma yo guterwa ICD, ushobora kubaho ubuzima bwawe nk'uko bisanzwe. Ariko hari ibintu bike ugomba kumenya.
Ihungabana rituruka kuri ICD rimeze rite?
Ingufu z'ihungabana ry'amashanyarazi zishobora gutandukana. Ihungabana ridafite ingufu nyinshi rishobora kumva nk'aho igituza gikubiswe gahoro. Ihungabana ridafite ingufu nyinshi rishobora kumva nk'aho igituza gikubiswe akanya gato.
Akenshi, guhungabana rimwe gusa bizagarura umuvuduko w'umutima. Ariko niba ugize guhungabana, ugomba kubimenyesha muganga wawe.
Irinde ibi bintu.
Imbaraga zikomeye za rukuruzi hamwe n'ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe by'ikoranabuhanga bishobora kubangamira imikorere ya ICD, bityo rero witondere ibi bintu.
| Ibintu ugomba kwirinda cyangwa kwitondera | Ibisobanuro |
|---|---|
| Imbaraga zikomeye za rukuruzi | Imashini za MRI, rukuruzi nini ziterura imodoka, indangururamajwi zikomeye za stereo, nibindi. Menya neza ko wababwiye ko ufite ICD mbere yo gupimwa na MRI. |
| Terefone zigendanwa | Bika telefoni yawe nibura santimetero 1.5 uvuye aho inshinge ya ICD ishyirwa. Ntuyishyire mu mufuka w'ishati yawe kuri urwo ruhande. |
| Sisitemu z'umutekano | Ntugatinde cyane hafi y'ibikoresho birwanya ubujura mu maduka cyangwa hafi y'ibyuma bipima ibyuma ku bibuga by'indege. Bisome vuba. |
| Ibindi bikoresho | Irinde kwegera ibikoresho byo gusudira by'imirongo, uruzitiro rw'amashanyarazi, n'insinga zikoresha batiri z'imodoka. |
Icy'ingenzi kurushaho: Buri gihe gendana ikarita mu isakoshi yawe ivuga ko ufite ICD. Izaba ingenzi cyane mu gihe cy'impanuka.
Ni ryari ugomba kuvugana na muganga?
Mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, ugomba gushaka inama z'abaganga byihutirwa.
- Ibimenyetso by'ubwandu: Niba hari amaraso cyangwa amabyi asohoka aho bakorewe ubuvuzi, niba agace karimo umutuku kandi kabyimbye, niba ufite umuriro cyangwa ubukonje, cyangwa niba ububabare buri kwiyongera, menya neza ko wabibwiye muganga wawe.
- Gutungurwa: Niba uhuye n'ibintu byinshi bitunguranye mu gihe gito, bishobora kuba ari ikibazo cyihutirwa. Jya ku bitaro byita ku barwayi ba ETU ako kanya.
Bateri ya ICD imara igihe kingana iki?
Bateri muri ICD ubusanzwe imara imyaka 7. Ariko, ibi bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'umubare w'ihungabana wahuye naryo. Muganga wawe azasuzuma ICD yawe buri mezi 3-6 kugira ngo arebe uko bateri ihagaze. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane kujya kwa muganga ku gihe.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- ICD ni igikoresho gito, gifasha mu kurokora ubuzima, kigenzura imivuduko y'umutima iteje akaga kandi kikarinda urupfu rutunguranye.
- Nubwo ubu buryo bwo kubaga muri rusange bufite umutekano, ibuka ko, kimwe no kubagwa ukundi, hari ingaruka zimwe na zimwe.
- Mu gihe ubana na ICD, ni ingenzi cyane kwirinda imbaraga zikomeye za rukuruzi n'ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe by'ikoranabuhanga.
- Buri gihe ujye witwaza indangamuntu igaragaza ko ufite ICD.
- Niba ugize ikibazo cy’ihungabana giturutse kuri ICD, cyangwa niba ugaragaje ibimenyetso by’ubwandu aho ukorewe ubuvuzi, menyesha muganga wawe ako kanya.
- Ni itegeko kujya kwa muganga ku masaha yagenwe no gusuzumwa na ICD.
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