Bigenda bite iyo amaraso agana mu bwonko ahagaze? (Ischemic Stroke) Reka tumenye byinshi kuri byo.

Tekereza uko byagenda amaraso aramutse ahagaze mu bwonko bwawe? Ni ibintu biteje akaga cyane. Ibi tubyita ischemic stroke . Iki ni ikibazo cyihutirwa cy’ubuvuzi gishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga. Iyi ndwara ituma uturemangingo tw’ubwonko dupfa, kandi iyo bibaye, imikorere y’umubiri igenzurwa n’utwo turemangingo ishobora gutakaza. Ischemic Stroke ingana na 80% by’uturemangingo twose ku isi. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane ko wowe n’abakunzi bawe mumenya ibi.

None se, ni ibihe bimenyetso by'indwara ya "Ischemic Stroke"?

Ibimenyetso bya stroke ishingiye ku ischemic bishobora gutandukana bitewe n'igice cy'ubwonko cyafashwe. Ariko hari ibimenyetso bimwe na bimwe bikunze kugaragara:

• Kumva ufite ibinya cyangwa ubumuga ku ruhande rumwe rw'isura cyangwa umubiri.
• Kugorwa no kuvuga, cyangwa gutakaza burundu ijambo (Aphasia) .
• Imvugo iba idafite icyo ivuga neza kandi amagambo ntashobora kuvugwa neza (Dysarthria) .
• Kudashobora kugenzura imitsi yo ku ruhande rumwe rw'isura.
• Nta kibazo gutakaza cyangwa kugabanya ubushobozi bwawe bwo kumva impumuro, uburyohe, gukoraho, cyangwa kumva.
• Kureba nabi cyangwa kureba kabiri (Diplopia) .
• Kubura ubushobozi bwo guhuza umubiri, kudashobora gufata ibintu neza, no gutsitara (Ataxia) .
• Kumva mfite isereri.
• Isesemi no kuruka.
• Ijosi rikomeye.
• Impinduka zitunguranye mu byiyumvo cyangwa mu miterere.
• Kumva ntafite aho ahuriye n'urujijo kandi nta mutuzo.
• Kugira isereri.
• Kwibagirwa ni ukubura kwibuka.
• Umutwe utunguranye kandi ukabije.
• Gutakaza ubwenge no kugwa.
• Kugwa muri koma.

Ibimenyetso by'umuburo - ibuka KWIHUTISHA!

"Ischemic Stroke" ishobora kugira ibimenyetso bitandukanye. Kugira ngo umenye niba ikintu nk'iki kirimo kukubaho cyangwa umuntu uzi, ibuka aya magambo: BE VAST .

• B - Kuringaniza: Reba niba utakaje kuringaniza kwawe mu buryo butunguranye.
• E - Amaso: Shaka niba hari icyuho gitunguranye mu maso rimwe cyangwa yombi, cyangwa niba hari impinduka iyo ari yo yose mu maso.
• F - Isura: Nsekera urebe niba uruhande rumwe rw'isura rurembye .
• A - Amaboko: Zamura amaboko yombi. Reba niba ukuboko kumwe kwaracitse intege ku buryo budasanzwe cyangwa bisa n'aho bidafite imbaraga.
• S - Imvugo: Reba niba imvugo irimo urujijo cyangwa niba bigoye kuyikoresha neza.
• T - Igihe: Igihe ni ingenzi cyane - hamagara ubufasha ako kanya (niba uri muri Sri Lanka, hamagara 1990)Niba bishoboka, shyira isaha cyangwa wandike kuri telefoni igihe ibimenyetso byawe byatangiriye. Kubwira muganga wawe kuri iyi nshuro bizamufasha guhitamo uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura.

Buri segonda ribarwa! Niba ukeka ko ufite stroke, jya kwa muganga vuba vuba.

Ni iki gitera "Ischemic Stroke"?

Mu magambo make, "Ischemic Stroke" ibaho iyo hari ikintu gihagarika inzira y'amaraso mu bwonko bwawe. Abaganga bayita "Ischemia." "Ischemia" bivuze ko uturemangingo tudahabwa amaraso ahagije kandi tugapfa. Iyo ibi bibaye ku bwonko, "Ischemic Stroke" ibaho. Akenshi, impamvu nyamukuru iba amaraso agwa.

Amaraso ashobora kubumba muri ubu buryo bitewe n'indwara zitandukanye. Ingero zimwe ni izi:

• Atherosclerosis ni igihe imitsi ifungana kandi igakomera, ikabuza amaraso gutembera. Ni nk'aho umwanda ufata umuyoboro w'amazi.
• Indwara zo kuvura amaraso.
• Indwara ya Atrial fibrillation ni indwara aho umutima utera mu buryo budasanzwe.
• Ubusembwa bw'umutima wavukanye nko mu mwobo mu mutima (Atrial septal defects cyangwa Ventricular septal defects).
• Indwara yitwa "indwara y'imitsi mito iterwa n'amaraso" ishobora kubaho iyo imiyoboro mito y'amaraso mu bwonko izibye.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa `(Ischemic Stroke)`?

Hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bwa "Ischemic Stroke":

1. Imitsi yo mu bwonko: Ibi bibaho iyo amaraso acitse mu bwonko . Abaganga babyita thrombosis.

2. Gutera imitsi mu bwonko: Ibi bibaho iyo amaraso apfunditse (embolism) avuka ahandi mu mubiri (akenshi mu mutima) anyura mu mitsi y'amaraso maze agashyirwa mu mitsi yo mu bwonko.

Reka kandi twige ibyerekeye "indwara ntoya" yitwa `(Indwara y'ihungabana ry'umubiri - TIA)`

`(Indwara y'igihe gito ya Ischemic)` cyangwa `(TIA)` ni nk'indwara yo mu bwonko, ariko ibimenyetso birashira nyuma y'igihe gito (ubusanzwe mu masaha 24) . Nanone yitwa ``mini-stroke``. Ariko ntuyireke kuko ari nto. `(TIA)` akenshi ni ikimenyetso gikomeye cy'umuburo mbere yuko indwara ikomeye kandi ihoraho ibaho . Ni ngombwa ko umuntu wagize `(TIA)` ashakisha ubuvuzi bwihutirwa vuba bishoboka.

Ni nde uri mu kaga gakomeye ko kugira ibi?

Umuntu wese ashobora kugira "Ischemic Stroke". Ariko hari abantu bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara. Abo ni:

• Abantu barengeje imyaka 65.
• Abantu bakomoka muri Afurika (ibi ntabwo bifitanye isano na Sri Lanka cyane, ariko ni byiza kubimenya).
• Abantu banywa itabi cyangwa bakoresha ubundi bwoko bw'itabi cyangwa nikotine (nk'ubushyuhe bwo kunywa inzoga).
• Abantu bakoresha ibiyobyabwenge bitemewe n'amategeko.

Nanone, abantu bafite indwara zimwe na zimwe baba bari mu kaga gakomeye:

• Ku bafite umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso (Hypertension) .
• Ku bafite cholesterol nyinshi mu maraso (Hyperlipidemia) .
• Ku bantu babaswe n'inzoga (`Indwara yo gukoresha inzoga`).
• Ku barwayi ba Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 2 .
• Hari ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko abahoze barwaye COVID-19 nabo bari mu kaga runaka.

Abaganga bapima iki kibazo gute?

Muganga azakubwira neza gusa niba ufite "Ischemic Stroke" nyuma yo guhabwa "ibizamini by'imitsi" n'ibindi bizamini byinshi. Iyo ugejejwe mu cyumba cy'ubutabazi bw'ibanze, abaganga baho bashobora kubisuzuma.

Hari ibizamini byinshi ushobora gukora kugira ngo wemeze niba warigeze kugira ``Ischemic Stroke``:

• `(CT scan)` (CT scan): Iyi ifotora ubwonko.
• Electrocardiogram (EKG): Ikoranabuhanga ry'umutima rikurikiranwa.
• `(MRI)` (MRI): Ibi bishobora kandi gufata amashusho arambuye y'ubwonko.
• Electroencephalogram (EEG): Imiterere y'imiraba y'amashanyarazi y'ubwonko irakurikiranwa.
• Gupima amaraso: Reba ibintu nk'ibibazo byo kuvura amaraso n'urugero rw'isukari.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura ibi?

Ikintu cy'ingenzi cyane mu kuvura "stroke ischemic" ni ukugarura amaraso mu bwonko vuba bishoboka . Abaganga babikora vuba kugira ngo bagabanye ibyago byo kwangirika burundu k'ubwonko no gupfa.

Uburyo bwo kuvura byihuse

Uburyo bubiri bwo kuvura bukunze gukoreshwa ni ubu:

1. Ubuvuzi bwa Thrombolytic: Iyi ni imiti igabanya amaraso. Abaganga bakunze kuyitanga gusa iyo ibimenyetso bitangiye mu masaha ane n'igice nyuma yo gufatwa n'indwara ya stroke. Ibi biterwa nuko ishobora kongera ibyago byo kuva amaraso imbere mu mubiri.

2. Guca Udukoko: Ubu ni uburyo bwo kubaga. Umuganga ashyira umuyoboro muto, woroshye (catheter) mu mutsi ahandi hantu mu mubiri wawe (ubusanzwe mu gituza cyawe) akawuyobora ku maraso ari mu bwonko. Hanyuma agapfundikizo karakurwamo (nk'aho ari "vacuum") cyangwa kagacibwamo ibice hanyuma kagakurwamo.

Ubundi buryo bwo kuvura

Ushobora gukenera ubundi buryo bwo kuvura nka:

• Imiti igabanya amaraso: Iyi yitwa imiti igabanya amaraso. Iyi miti ibuza amaraso yawe kuzura byoroshye. Abaganga bashobora kuguha iyi miti nyuma yo gukoresha imiti igabanya amaraso.
• Uburyo bwo kuvura umwuka wa ogisijeni: Mu gihe cy'indwara yo mu bwonko, ubwonko ntibubona umwuka uhagije wa ogisijeni. Bityo abaganga bashobora kuguha igikoresho kinyura mu mazuru yawe kikaguha umwuka wa ogisijeni wiyongereye. Ibi bituma byoroha guhumeka kandi bigafasha kugarura umwuka wa ogisijeni mu bwonko.
• Imicungire y'isukari mu maraso:Abaganga bahora basuzuma urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe kugira ngo bafashe ubwonko bwawe gukira.
• Gushyuha gake k’ubwonko ku bushake: Hari igihe abaganga bashobora kugabanya ubushyuhe bw’umubiri wawe gato mu buryo bwizewe. Ibi bishobora kugabanya kwangirika k’ubwonko mu gihe cyo gucika intege no nyuma yabwo. Ariko, ibi ntibikorwa kenshi, gusa mu bihe byihariye.

Ese twagombye kumenya ibijyanye no kuvura indwara zo mu bwonko?

Gusubiramo uburwayi bwa stroke ni ingenzi cyane nyuma yo gucika intege. Biguha imbaraga nyinshi zo kongera guhangana n'ubuzima. Bigufasha kumenyera impinduka zabaye ku bwonko bwawe no ku mubiri wawe bitewe n'uburwayi bwa stroke. Ushobora kuba ugomba kugarura ubushobozi bwawe bwa kera cyangwa kumenyera kubaho ufite ubumuga bushya. Ibi bishobora gukorwa hifashishijwe abaganga batandukanye:

• Ubuvuzi bwo kuvuga: Ibi bifasha kunoza ubuhanga bwo kuvuga, ururimi, no kugenzura imitsi bigufasha kuvuga, guhumeka, kurya no kumira.
• Ubuvuzi bw'umubiri: Ibi bifasha gukomeza imitsi, kunoza uburinganire, no kongera gukoresha amaguru n'amaboko.
• Ubuvuzi bw'akazi: Ibi bigufasha gukora imirimo ya buri munsi mu mutekano, cyane cyane imirimo isaba kwihuta (urugero: gupfunyika ibifungo ku ishati, kwandika).
• Ubuvuzi bwo mu mutwe: Ibi bifasha kunoza ubumenyi bwo mu mutwe nko kwibuka, kwita ku bintu, no gukemura ibibazo.

Ni gute twakwirinda iyi `(Ischemic Stroke)`?

Kugumana ubuzima bwiza muri rusange ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara indwara yo mu bwonko iterwa n'imitsi yo mu bwonko. Gerageza gukora ibi bikurikira:

• Komeza ugenzure neza umuvuduko w'amaraso yawe, urugero rwa cholesterol , n'indwara zose ushobora kuba ufite (nk'indwara ya diyabete).
• Kurya indyo yuzuye intungamubiri (nk'indyo yo mu karere ka Mediterane, irimo imboga nyinshi, imbuto, ibinyamisogwe n'ibinyampeke byuzuye) kandi ugire ibiro byiza bikubereye.
• Reka kunywa itabi burundu kandi wirinde ahantu uhumeka umwotsi w'itabi.
• Siporo buri gihe. Ndetse n'ikintu cyoroshye nko kugenda n'amaguru iminota 30 ku munsi ni cyiza.
• Kugabanya cyangwa guhagarika burundu kunywa inzoga .

Jya kwa muganga nibura rimwe mu mwaka (cyangwa kenshi nk'uko muganga agusaba) kugira ngo agupime. Indwara nyinshi zishobora gutera indwara yo gucika intege zishobora kwiyongera uko igihe kigenda gihita kandi zikarushaho kwiyongera utabizi. Abantu benshi bafite umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso na cholesterol nyinshi ntibagira ibimenyetso. Muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha kumenya ibimenyetso by'umuburo hakiri kare, kubicunga, no kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara indwara yo gucika intege mu gihe kizaza.

Ni iki cyizere cyo gukira?

Biragoye kuvuga igipimo cyo gukira gikwiriye buri wese. `(Ischemic Stroke)` ishobora kwica no gutera ubumuga buhoraho. Ariko si buri wese ufite igihe kimwe cyo gukira cyangwa ibyo yiteze. Uko ubuvuzi buvurwa vuba, ni ko amahirwe yo gukira aba menshi.

Ubusanzwe indwara yo gucika intege mu mubiri igira ingaruka nziza kuruta indwara yo kuva amaraso. Ariko ibyo ntibivuze ko gukira kwawe bizoroha, byihuse cyangwa byiza kurushaho.

Bizatwara igihe kingana iki kugira ngo umuntu akire?

Umubiri wa buri wese ubyitwaramo mu buryo butandukanye iyo umuntu arwaye indwara yo gucika kw'imitsi. Icyo ushobora kwitega ("ibisobanuro") biterwa n'ibintu byinshi:

• Ni ubuhe bwoko bwa "Ischemic Stroke" warwaye?
• Ni ibihe bice by'ubwonko bwawe byagize ingaruka?
• Uburyo wavuwe vuba.
• Ubuzima bwawe muri rusange.

Abantu benshi bakira indwara yo mu bwonko mu mezi make. Ubusanzwe gukira biba mu mezi atatu kugeza kuri atandatu ya mbere nyuma yo kurwara iyo ndwara. Ariko, ibimenyetso n'ingaruka mbi bishobora kumara umwaka cyangwa irenga. Iyo ndwara yo mu bwonko ishobora no gutera ubumuga buhoraho ndetse n'impinduka mu buryo ukoresha umubiri wawe.

Muganga wawe azakubwira icyo ugomba kwitega. Azagufasha kwishyiriraho intego zo gukira n'ibyo witeze bijyanye n'ubuzima bwawe n'uko umerewe.

Ni gute nakwiyitaho nyuma yo kurwara indwara yo mu bwonko?

Gukira no kuvura indwara yo mu bwonko nyuma yo gucika intege ni akazi kenshi. Umuhate wawe n'inkunga y'umuryango wawe ni ingenzi cyane. Iyo wowe na muganga wawe mumaze gutegura gahunda yo kuvura, kurikiza neza uko bishoboka kose.

• Fata imiti yawe neza kandi ku gihe, cyane cyane niba ufata imiti igabanya amaraso. Ibi ni ingenzi kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago byo kubyimba kw'amaraso mu gihe kizaza, kandi gufata imiti yawe nk'uko muganga wawe abikubwira bizafasha umubiri wawe gukira.
• Menya neza ko ujya kwa muganga wita ku barwayi bashya n'abandi bantu bagufata. Bwira abaganga bawe niba hari ikintu kigutera kumva umerewe nabi cyangwa ufite umutekano. Gusubira mu buzima ni akazi katoroshye, ariko ntugomba guhora ubabara cyangwa ubabaye.
• Tekereza no ku buzima bwawe bwo mu mutwe. Kwiheba no guhangayika ni ibintu bisanzwe nyuma yo gufatwa n'indwara yo mu bwonko. Kubabara, kurakara cyangwa kurakara ntibivuze ko uri umuntu ufite intege nke cyangwa watsinzwe. Ibyo byiyumvo ni ibisanzwe. Ubuzima bwawe bwo mu mutwe ni ingenzi kimwe n'ubuzima bwawe bw'umubiri. Niba ugorwa no gufata umwanzuro ku kintu runaka mu gihe cyo gukira, vugana na muganga wawe cyangwa umujyanama w'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe . Bishobora kugufasha cyane.

Ni ibihe biribwa n'ibinyobwa ngomba kureka ?

Muganga wawe ashobora kukubwira kongeramo cyangwa gukuraho ibiryo bimwe na bimwe mu mirire yawe. Ashobora kandi kukubwira guhindura gato gahunda yawe ya buri munsi kugira ngo bigufashe mu gucunga indwara zawe, cyangwa kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara indi ndwara yo kubyimba kw'amaraso nyuma yo kurwara indwara yo mu bwonko yitwa ischemic stroke.

Ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa bisanzwe bigirwa inama yo kureka cyangwa kugabanya ni ibi bikurikira:

• Ibyokurya birimo umunyu mwinshi (sodiyumu). (ibiryo bito, amafi yumye, isosi, ibiryo bipfunyitse)
• Ibyokurya birimo isukari nyinshi (ibinyobwa biryoshye, keke, ibisuguti, tofe)
• Ibiryo bitunganyijwe cyane ( nk'isosiso, jambon, inyama z'inyama)
• Ibyokurya bikaranze n'ibiribwa birimo ibinure bya trans (ifiriti, ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa margarine)
• Inzoga.
• Kunywa kafeyine nyinshi (ni byiza kugabanya icyayi na kawa ku bikombe bike ku munsi)

Ni ryari nzongera kujya mu bitaro byihutirwa?

Niba wumva urimo kongera kugira stroke (nk'uko bivugwa muri BE FAST ) hamagara 911 (serivisi y'imbangukiragutabara yihutirwa) ako kanya, cyangwa ujye mu cyumba cy'ubutabazi kiri hafi yawe. Ingaruka zo kugira ibibazo bikomeye n'urupfu ziba nyinshi kurushaho iyo ugize ikindi gisebe cy'ubutabazi. Ntugatinde gushaka ubufasha cyangwa kujya mu cyumba cy'ubutabazi bw'ibanze.

Umuntu wagize ikibazo cyo gucika intege mu mubiri (ischemic stroke) aba afite ibyago byinshi byo kugira ibibazo bikomeye. Urugero:

• Umusonga
• Amaraso afunganye mu mitsi yo mu birenge (Deep Vein Thrombosis - DVT)
• Kuziba kw'ibihaha
• Indwara y'umutima
• Indwara zo mu mutwe

Niba ubonye ibimenyetso by'izi ngorane (urugero: kugorwa no guhumeka, kubabara mu gatuza, kubyimba ukuguru), ugomba guhamagara inzego z'ubutabazi bwihuse cyangwa kujya mu cyumba cy'ubutabazi bwihuse.

Ni ibihe bibazo ngomba kubaza muganga wanjye?

Iyo ugiye kwa muganga wawe, ntukibagirwe kubaza ibi bibazo:

• Ni iki cyatumye ngira ikibazo cyo gucika imitsi (stroke)?
• Ni ibihe bintu byiza nakora kugira ngo gabanyirize ibyago byo kongera kurwara indwara yo mu bwonko?
• Ese ibi bizagira ingaruka ku buzima bwanjye bw'igihe kirekire?
• Nzakenera igihe kingana iki kugira ngo nkomeze kuvura indwara ya Stroke (`Stroke rehab`)?
• Ni izihe mpinduka ngomba gukora mu buzima bwanjye bwa buri munsi (kurya, gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri, gukora siporo)?

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka

Gucika intege mu bwonko bishobora kuba ikintu giteye ubwoba kandi gihindura ubuzima. Uburyo bwiza bwo kwirinda indwara yo gucika intege mu bwonko ni ukumenya ibimenyetso by'indwara yo gucika intege mu bwonko no kugenzura ibintu bishobora gutera indwara mbere yuko iba. Reba muganga wawe nibura rimwe mu mwaka hanyuma ubone ubufasha mu kugenzura indwara zose zishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara yo gucika intege mu bwonko (nk'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, diyabete, cyangwa cholesterol).

Iyo urwaye indwara yo mu bwonko, ushobora kumva ko isi yawe yose yahindutse. Ariko uracyari wowe ubwawe. Gukira no kugororwa ni akazi katoroshye, kandi bishobora kuba urugendo rurerure. Iminsi imwe ishobora kugorana kurusha iyindi. Ariko ntukibagirwe kwishimira intsinzi nto wagize, intambwe ugezeho. Ntabwo uri wenyine, kandi ufite umuryango, inshuti, abaganga, n'abavuzi bagufasha.

` Stroke, stroke ishingiye ku ischemic, amaraso afungana mu bwonko, ibimenyetso, GIRA IHUTI, kuvura stroke, kwirinda stroke