Twese twumvise abantu bavuga bati: "Nkeneye kuguha umunyu," "Nkeneye kuguha isukari," iyo umuntu arwaye, aruka cyangwa arwaye impiswi, cyangwa amaze kubagwa cyane. Hari n'abavuga ko biguha imbaraga. None se koko aya mazi ahabwa umubiri binyuze mu mitsi, cyangwa icyo bita amazi ya IV mu buryo bw'ubuvuzi ni iki? Kuki atangwa? Ese nta kibazo? Uyu munsi, turaganira kuri ibi byose mu buryo bworoshye, mu buryo ushobora gusobanukirwa.
Kuki dukeneye amavuta ya IV (salines)?
Mu magambo make, amazi yo mu mubiri akenerwa iyo ingano y'amazi mu mubiri wacu igabanutse cyane, ni ukuvuga iyo tubuze amazi . Tekereza nka moteri y'imodoka. Nk'uko moteri ikenera amazi n'amavuta kugira ngo ikore neza, amazi ni ingenzi kugira ngo buri karemangingo n'urugingo rw'umubiri wacu bikore neza. Mu by'ukuri, 60% by'umubiri wacu bigizwe n'amazi. Rero iyo aya mazi agabanutse, imikorere y'umubiri wose ishobora kwangirika.
Ubusanzwe, ushobora kuzuza aya mazi unywa amazi ukoresheje umunwa. Ariko, hari igihe umubiri uba ufite intege nke ku buryo udashobora gufata amazi ukoresheje umunwa, cyangwa ingano y'amazi asohoka mu mubiri ikaba nini cyane kuruta ingano y'amazi anyurwa mu kanwa. Muri ibyo bihe, aya mazi agomba gushyirwa mu maraso binyuze mu mitsi.
Ni ibihe bihe?
- Indwara: Iyo urimo kuruka cyane cyangwa urwaye impiswi , amazi menshi asohoka mu mubiri wawe. Mu bihe nk'ibi, nubwo wanywa amazi mu kanwa, ashobora kutaguma mu mubiri wawe ngo yongere asohoke.
- Imyitozo ngororamubiri n'ubushyuhe bukabije: Iyo ubyiye ibyuya byinshi nyuma yo gukina ku zuba cyangwa gukora cyane, umubiri wawe utakaza amazi n'umunyu. Iyo utanyoye amazi ahagije muri icyo gihe, ushobora kubura amazi mu mubiri.
- Ibikomere bikomeye cyangwa ubushye: Impanuka ikomeye, imvune, cyangwa ubushye bw'uruhu bishobora gutuma amazi menshi ava mu mubiri vuba.
- Kubagwa: Mbere na nyuma yo kubagwa bikomeye, amazi yo mu mubiri atangwa kugira ngo umubiri ugumane amazi meza kuko uri munsi y'ikinya kandi ushobora kudashobora kurya cyangwa kunywa.
Ni ibihe bibazo bivuka iyo umubiri ubuze amazi (kubura amazi mu mubiri)?
Kubura amazi mu mubiri ntibisobanura gusa ko ufite inyota, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bintu byinshi mu mubiri wacu.
- Ubusumbane bw'imyunyu ngugu: Imyunyu ngugu yitwa electrolytes, nka sodium na potasiyumu, ni ingenzi kugira ngo imitsi n'imitsi by'umubiri wacu bikore neza. Iyo umuntu amaze amazi menshi, ibyo biba bidafite ubuziranenge.
- Imikorere y'ubwonko: Amazi nayo ni ingenzi cyane ku mikorere y'ubwonko. Iyo udafite amazi ahagije, biragorana gushyira ibitekerezo hamwe n'ubushobozi bwawe bwo gutekereza buragabanuka.
- Gutakaza imbaraga: kumva unaniwe, unaniweKumva unaniwe ni ikimenyetso cy'ingenzi cyo kubura amazi mu mubiri.
- Uduce tw’igogora: Amazi ni ingenzi mu igogora, ndetse no mu gusohora imyanda n’inkari.
- Kuribwa umutwe: Kubura amazi mu mubiri bishobora gutera kuribwa umutwe kenshi no gukomera kwawo.
- Ingaruka ku ngingo z'imbere: Imikorere y'ingingo z'ingenzi, cyane cyane impyiko, umutima, n'ubwonko, ishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye.
- Ubuzima bw'uruhu: Uruhu rwuma kandi rugahinduka iminkanyari.
Wibuke ko kubura amazi menshi mu mubiri ari ikibazo cyihutirwa cy’ubuvuzi, bityo rero ni ngombwa kwitondera ibimenyetso bikurikira.
| Ibimenyetso byo Kubura Amazi mu Buryo Bukomeye | |
|---|---|
| Ibimenyetso | Ibisobanuro byoroshye |
| Kuzungera | Kumva ndi mu rujijo, amaso ahinduka ubururu. |
| Amaso yumye, iminwa n'ururimi | Amaso yumye, yumye cyane ku buryo amarira atava iyo arira, kandi iminwa n'ururimi bikuma nk'aho byacitse. |
| Kuma no guhinduka ibara ry'uruhu | Uruhu rwuma, rugahinduka iminkanyari, rimwe na rimwe hakagaragara ibizinga ku ruhu. |
| Umunaniro | Ukumva nta cyo ushoboye ku buryo ntacyo wakora. |
| Guhumeka vuba | Umuvuduko wo guhumeka uri hejuru ugereranije n'ibisanzwe. |
| Amaboko n'ibirenge bikonje | Kumva urimo gukonja iyo ukoze ku maboko no ku birenge. |
| Kugabanuka kw'inkari | Kunyara inshuro zitarenze enye ku munsi kandi inkari zisohokamo zifite ibara ry'umuhondo wijimye kandi zifite impumuro ikomeye. |
Ese hari ubwoko bw'amazi yo mu miyoboro ya IV?
Yego, nubwo bavuga "umunyu," mu by'ukuri hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'amazi yo mu miyoboro ya IV. Muganga wawe ni we uzaguhitiramo ubwoko ukeneye, bitewe n'uko urwaye. Hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi.
1. Imiti ya Crystalloid: Iyi ni yo miti ikoreshwa cyane mu bwoko bwa IV. Irimo uduce duto cyane twashongeshejwe mu mazi. Utwo duce dushobora kunyura mu maraso mu buryo bworoshye mu ngingo no mu turemangingo tw'umubiri.
- Umunyu usanzwe: Iyi ni yo twita gusa "amazi y'umunyu." Ikorwa mu gushonga kloride ya sodiyumu (umunyu) mu mazi.
- D5W (Dextrose mu mazi): Iyi niyo yitwa "glucose" cyangwa "amazi y'isukari". Ikorwa binyuze mu gushonga dextrose, ubwoko bw'isukari, mu mazi.
- Ringer's yo mu bwoko bwa Lactated: Iyi solution irimo sodium, chloride, potasiyumu, kalisiyumu, na lactate. Ikoreshwa mu gusimbuza vuba amazi menshi yatakaye mu mubiri.
2. Colloids: Izi zirimo uduce duto cyane. Utwo duce ntitworoshye kunyura mu nkuta z'uturemangingo. Bityo, tuguma mu miyoboro y'amaraso igihe kirekire. Ingero zirimo albumin na hetastarch .
Ni izihe ntambwe zo gutanga umuti wa IV saline?
Iyo ukeneye gutanga amazi yo mu miyoboro y'amaraso, umuganga cyangwa umuforomo azakurikiza izi ntambwe. Kubimenya bizagufasha kwirinda ubwoba butari ngombwa.
1. Ubwa mbere, umuganga azasuzuma ibintu byinshi, urugero nk'ibiro byawe, imyaka yawe, n'uburwayi bwawe, kugira ngo amenye ubwoko bw'amazi yo mu miyoboro y'amaraso ukeneye, ingano ugomba guhabwa, n'uburyo agomba gutangwa vuba.
2. Hanyuma, umuforomo azahitamo umutsi mwiza mu kuboko kwawe (ubusanzwe uba imbere mu nkokora yawe cyangwa hejuru y'ukuboko).
3. Ahantu hatoranijwe hasukurwa neza n'umuti wica udukoko.
4. Hanyuma, agapira ko kuzenguruka ukuboko hejuru gashyirwamo agapira gafatana, gashyirwa ku ruhande rw'ukuboko hanyuma kagakomezwa gato. Ibi bizatuma imitsi igaragara neza.
5. Hanyuma, urushinge rwaciwe neza rushyirwa mu mitsi witonze. Ushobora kumva urimo kuruma gato kuri iyi ngingo. Umuyoboro muto wa pulasitiki (cannula) ufatanye n'urushinge usigara mu mitsi hanyuma urushinge rugakurwaho.
6. Kuraho tourniquet hanyuma wemeze ko cannula yinjiye neza mu mutsi.
7. Shyira kanula ku kuboko kwawe ukoresheje igitambaro cya plaster kugira ngo kiyirinde kugenda.
8. Hanyuma umuyoboro muremure uhuzwa na kanula, hanyuma impera y'umuyoboro ihuzwa n'agafuka k'amazi yo mu miyoboro.
9. Agafuka k'amazi yo mu muyoboro w'amaraso kamanikwa ahantu hanini, rimwe na rimwe kanyuze mu mashini ipompa, ituma amazi yinjira mu mubiri wawe ku muvuduko ugenwe.
10. Abaforomo baza buri gihe kugira ngo barebe niba bikora neza kandi niba hari ikibazo ufite.
Ni izihe nyungu n'ingaruka nke cyane z'ibi?
Gutanga ibinyobwa mu miyoboro ya IV ni uburyo bworoshye kandi bwizewe bukoreshwa cyane ku isi. Bishobora kugufasha gukira vuba ndetse rimwe na rimwe no kurokora ubuzima.
Ariko, nk'uko bigenda ku buvuzi ubwo aribwo bwose, hari ingorane zimwe na zimwe zishobora kubaho gake cyane . Ni byiza kubimenya, ariko ntukabitinye bitari ngombwa.
| Ingorane | Ibyo bivuze iki? (Mu buryo bworoshye) |
|---|---|
| Guhagarika umwuka mu kirere | Umwuka mwinshi winjira mu mitsi unyuze mu murongo wa IV. Ibi ni gake cyane , ariko bishobora kuba bibi cyane iyo bibaye. |
| Umutsi wapfutse | Umutsi ushobora kuziba iyo urushinge rushyizwemo cyangwa iyo kanula imaze igihe kirekire. Ibi nibibaho, abaganga bazakoresha undi mutsi. |
| Amazi menshi cyane | Iyo unyoye amazi menshi cyane vuba cyane, ushobora kugira umutwe, umuvuduko w'amaraso ukabije, no kugorwa no guhumeka. Ibi bizahita bikemuka nimara guhindura urugero rw'amazi yawe. |
| Hematoma | Kuva amaraso ava mu mitsi y'amaraso ajya mu bice biyikikije. Ibi bisa n'ibikomere bikomeye kandi bikira ubwabyo mu byumweru bike. |
| Kwandura | Iyo aho batoboye hatasukuwe neza, hashobora kubaho ubwandu. Ibi bishobora kuvurwa n'imiti yica udukoko. |
| Kwinjira mu bwihisho | Kanula ishobora gusohoka mu mitsi ikavomerera amazi mu bice biyikikije. Ibi bishobora gutera ububyimbirwe n'amacandwe, ariko bishobora gukemuka byoroshye. |
| Phlebite | Indwara ya IV ituma imitsi ibyimba. Ibi ni ibisanzwe, ariko bishobora kuvurwa byoroshye no gukuramo indwara ya IV ugashyiraho agakoresho gashyushye. |
Ni iki nabwira muganga cyangwa umuforomo mu gihe cyo gutera umuti wa saline?
Niba ugize ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose urimo gufata umuti wa saline, ugomba guhita ubivuga. Ibi bishobora gukumira ko kigira ikibazo gikomeye.
- Niba umuvuduko w'amazi mu gafuka k'umunyu wumva ugenda buhoro cyane cyangwa vuba cyane .
- Niba ahantu hinjijwemo kanula hari ububabare, habyimbye, hatukura, cyangwa humvikana ubushyuhe .
- Niba kanula imeze nk'aho yarekuye .
- Niba ugize ikibazo cy'umutwe gitunguranye cyangwa ukumva bigoye guhumeka .
Niba wumva ikintu nk'iki, ntutinye kuvugana n'umuforomo cyangwa umuganga aho ngaho. Ni ingenzi cyane ku mutekano wawe.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Ibinyobwa bya IV, cyangwa "umunyu" cyangwa "glucose" nk'uko tubyita, ni ubwoko bwihariye bw'ibinyobwa bitangwa binyuze mu mitsi kugira ngo byuzuze amazi n'imyunyungugu by'umubiri iyo bibuze (kubura amazi).
- Ikunze gukoreshwa mu gihe cyo kuruka, impiswi, ibyuya byinshi, impanuka, no kubagwa.
- Ubu buryo ni ubusanzwe kandi bwizewe bwo kwa muganga, ariko ingorane zishobora kubaho gake cyane.
- Niba ubabara, ukabyimba, cyangwa ubundi burwayi ubwo ari bwo bwose bw'umubiri aho kanula yashyizwe mu gihe uhabwa amazi yo mu miyoboro y'amaraso, menyesha muganga wawe cyangwa umuforomo wawe ako kanya.
- Muganga wawe azagena ubwoko n'ingano y'amazi yo mu miyoboro y'amaraso akwiriye indwara yawe, bityo kurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga wawe buri gihe.
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Kwipimisha kanseri y'ibere, kwisuzuma no kwirinda byakozwe byoroshye. Kanseri y'ibihaha
Ishyirireho intego ya calorie hanyuma ubare itariki yo kugabanya ibiro.