Ese uzi uburyo bwo kubika amaraso bufasha abantu benshi kurokora ubuzima?

Ese wigeze wumva iby’itangwa ry’amaraso, cyangwa iby’ikenerwa ry’amaraso mu gihe cy’impanuka, cyangwa igikorwa gikomeye cyo kubaga? Ese uzi umuntu ushobora kudufasha muri ibyo bihe? Ni ukuvuga banki z’amaraso. Nubwo zitwa banki, ntizibika amafaranga. None se iki? Reka tuvuge kuri iyi serivisi yo kurokora ubuzima uyu munsi.

None se, banki y'amaraso ni iki?

Mu magambo make, banki y'amaraso ni ahantu hakusanyirizwa amaraso mu batanga amaraso ku bushake, bakayapima, kandi akabikwa neza. Nk'uko tubika amafaranga muri banki tukayakuramo igihe cyose tubishakiye, banki z'amaraso zitanga amaraso arokora ubuzima ku bayakeneye, igihe bayakeneye. Ariko ibuka ko atari amafaranga, ahubwo ari ubuzima!

Kuki banki z'amaraso ari ingenzi cyane kuri twe?

Tekereza ku muntu watakaje amaraso menshi mu mpanuka. Cyangwa, ku muntu uri kwitegura kubagwa bikomeye. Hariho indwara zimwe na zimwe, urugero, nka Thalassemia, aho abantu bafite amaraso menshi, abarwayi ba kanseri, cyangwa abantu bafite indwara zimwe na zimwe z'amaraso bagomba gutanga amaraso buri gihe. Nanone, umubyeyi ashobora gutakaza amaraso menshi mu gihe cyo kubyara. Uko byagenda kose, niba adashobora guhabwa amaraso vuba, bishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga. Icyo gihe ni bwo amaraso ari muri ubwo bubiko bw'amaraso aba umuti ukiza ubuzima. Amaraso si ikintu gishobora gukorwa mu buryo bw'ubukorano. Niyo mpamvu uruhare rw'ububiko bw'amaraso ari ingenzi cyane.

Ni gute izi banki z'amaraso zibona amaraso? (Reka twige bike ku gutanga amaraso)

Noneho ushobora kuba urimo kwibaza uti 'Sawa, hari amaraso mu bubiko bw'amaraso. Ariko se ayo maraso aturuka he?' Aya maraso y'agaciro aturuka ku bantu bakuru bazima nkanjye nawe dutanga amaraso ku bushake. Iyi ni impano nziza cyane. Muri rusange, umuntu wese uri hagati y'imyaka 18 na 60, ufite ubuzima bwiza, udafite indwara zandura, kandi upima ibiro birenga 50 ashobora gutanga amaraso. Hari abantu bashobora kugira ubwoba bwo gutanga amaraso. Ibintu nk'ibi, 'Ese bizambabaza ninterwa urushinge? Ese nzananirwa nintanga amaraso? Ese nzagira amaraso ahagije mu mubiri wanjye?'

Mu by’ukuri, gutanga amaraso bishobora kubabaza gato, ariko ntabwo ari ukwihanganirwa. Abaganga n’abaforomo baragusuzuma neza kugira ngo barebe niba ukwiriye gutanga amaraso. Amaraso make cyane akurwa mu mubiri wawe (ubusanzwe agera kuri mililitiro 450). Ayo maraso yongera kuzura mu mubiri wawe mu minsi mike. Kubwibyo, nta ngaruka mbi umubiri wawe uzagira, kandi ntuzumva umunaniro mwinshi. Ibikoresho byose bikoreshwa mu gutanga amaraso ni bishya kandi bifite imiti yica udukoko, bityo ntuzandura indwara iyo ari yo yose. Wari uzi ko gutanga amaraso rimwe bishobora kurokora ubuzima bugera kuri batatu ?

Bigenda bite ku maraso yakirwa mu kigo cy’amaraso?

Noneho reka tuvuge ko utanga amaraso. Ni iki kigenda kuri ayo maraso nyuma y’ibyo? Ese ajya ku murwayi ako kanya? Oya, ntabwo ajya. Buri gafuka k’amaraso kagera mu kigo cy’amaraso gakorerwa ibizamini byihariye kandi gakorerwa ibizamini byinshi byihariye.

1. Gupima ubwoko bw'amaraso n'ibipimo bya Rh

Ikintu cya mbere ugomba gukora ni ukumenya neza ubwoko bw'amaraso yawe (A, B, AB, cyangwa O) na Rh factor (ifite imiterere myiza cyangwa mibi). Kuko iyo utanga amaraso, ugomba gutanga amaraso ajyanye neza n'ubwoko bw'amaraso y'umurwayi. Bitabaye ibyo, hashobora kuvuka ibibazo bikomeye.

2. Gupima indwara zandura

Hanyuma, amaraso apimwa indwara nka VIH (virusi itera SIDA), Hepatite B na C (indwara za virusi zifata umwijima), na Sifiya. Intego nyamukuru y'ibi bizamini ni ukwirinda kwandura indwara binyuze mu guterwa amaraso. Iyo byemejwe ko amaraso afite iyo ndwara mu buryo ubwo aribwo bwose, ayo maraso ntazahabwa umurwayi uwo ari we wese.

3. Gutandukanya ibice bigize amaraso

Akenshi, ntabwo duha abarwayi amaraso yose. Kubera ko buri murwayi akeneye buri gice cy'amaraso, amaraso atangwa agabanywamo ibice by'ingenzi hakoreshejwe imashini zidasanzwe.

• Uturemangingo tw’amaraso dutukura: Utwo ni two dutwara umwuka wa ogisijeni mu mubiri wose. Duhabwa abantu bafite amaraso make, abatakaje amaraso menshi mu mpanuka, n’ababazwe.
• Platelets: Izi zifasha kugabanya amaraso. Ushobora kuba warumvise ko platelets zigabanuka iyo urwaye dengue. Zirakenewe kandi ku bantu bafite indwara nka leukemia n'abari kuvurwa kanseri.
• Plasma: Iki ni igice cy'amazi mu maraso. Plasma ihabwa abantu bahiye, barwaye umwijima, ndetse n'ibibazo byo kuvura amaraso.
• Cryoprecipitate: Iki ni ikindi gice cyihariye gitandukanye n'amaraso. Gikoreshwa ku bantu bafite indwara zo kuva amaraso nka hemophilia.

Tekereza ukuntu byaba ari ingirakamaro kuba warashobora gutandukanya ibice nk'ibi n'amaraso rimwe gusa ugafasha abarwayi benshi batandukanye!

4. Kubika neza

Ibice by'amaraso n'amaraso byapimwe kandi bigatandukana muri ubu buryo bibikwa ku bushyuhe bukwiye muri firigo na firigo byihariye. Buri gice cy'amaraso gifite igihe cyemewe. Urugero, nubwo uturemangingo dutukura dushobora kubikwa iminsi 35-42, plaquettes zishobora kubikwa iminsi 5 gusa. Plasma ishobora kubikwa muri firigo mu gihe cy'umwaka. Ubu bubiko bukwiye butuma bishoboka gutanga amaraso vuba mu gihe cy'impanuka.

Ni nde wakira amaraso? (Reka kandi tumenye ibyo guterwa amaraso)

Ni nde ukeneye amaraso ava mu kigo cy’amaraso? Nkuko twabivuze mbere, amaraso ahabwa umuntu wese uyakeneye bitewe n’impanuka, kubagwa, cyangwa indwara zitandukanye. Ariko hari ikintu cy’ingenzi cyane hano. Ni ukuvuga ko amaraso ahuye n’ubwoko bwayo.

Mbere yo guha umurwayi amaraso, ubwoko bw'amaraso y'umurwayi n'ubwoko bw'amaraso ari mu gakapu k'amaraso yatanzwe bigenzurwa kenshi kugira ngo barebe ko bihuye. Ibi tubyita "Crossmatching". Iyo hatanzwe ubwoko bw'amaraso butari bwo, bishobora no gushyira ubuzima bw'umurwayi mu kaga. Kubwibyo, iki ni ikintu gikorwa witonze cyane.

Gutera amaraso akenshi bikorwa mu bitaro, biyobowe n'abaganga n'abaforomo. Bisa no gutanga umuti wa saline. Agafuka k'amaraso kamanikwa ku gikoresho cya saline hanyuma amaraso agatangwa binyuze muri cannula mu mitsi y'umurwayi. Muri iki gihe, abakozi bo kwa muganga kandi bitondera cyane niba umurwayi afite ikibazo icyo ari cyo cyose (nk'umuriro, kuribwa, guhumeka bigoranye).

Hari imyumvire itari yo ku bijyanye no gutanga amaraso n'ububiko bw'amaraso

Nubwo gutanga amaraso ari ikintu cyiza gishobora kurokora ubuzima bw'abantu, hari ibitekerezo bitari byo bamwe babifiteho. Reka tubirebe.

• 'Urubori ruzababaza, ndatinya': Nibyo koko, hari ububabare buto. Ariko ni ikintu gito, nko kurumwa n'umubu. Niba ubwo bubabare buto bushobora kurokora ubuzima, bufite agaciro kangana iki?
• 'Ese nzarwara nintanga amaraso': Oya rwose. Ibikoresho byose bikoreshwa mu gufata amaraso ni bishya kandi bisukuye. Bityo rero nta ndwara uzarwara.
• 'Nta maraso ahagije mfite mu mubiri wanjye, nzagira ikibazo nindamuka nyitanze': Mbere yo gufata amaraso yawe, ubuzima bwawe bubanza gusuzumwa neza. Ingano y'amaraso, uburemere n'umuvuduko w'amaraso birasuzumwa, kandi amaraso arafatwa gusa iyo utari mu kaga. Ingano yafashwe ni nto kandi nta ngaruka izatera ku mubiri.
• 'Gutanga amaraso bituma urushaho kugabanuka/kuba munini': Ibi nabyo ni imyumvire idahwitse. Nta sano iri hagati yo gutanga amaraso n'impinduka mu buremere bw'umubiri.

Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa kutayoberwa n'ibitekerezo nk'ibyo kandi ukajya gutanga amaraso igihe cyose bishoboka. Tekereza gato ku buzima bw'abantu benshi utanga rimwe gusa!

Serivisi ya banki y'amaraso muri Sri Lanka imeze ite?

Mu gihugu cyacu, Sri Lanka, iyi serivisi ya banki y'amaraso ikorwa mu buryo bunoze cyane, hakurikijwe amahame mpuzamahanga, n'Ikigo cy'Igihugu gishinzwe Gutanga Amaraso (NBTS) . Bafite urusobe rw'amabanki y'amaraso mu bitaro hirya no hino mu gihugu. Banategura amakambi yo gutanga amaraso, bagapima amaraso, bakayabika, kandi bakayakwirakwiza mu bitaro bikenewe. Ibi byose bikorwa ku buntu. Iki ni igice cy'ingenzi cyane kandi cy'ingenzi cya serivisi y'ubuzima mu gihugu cyacu.

Twagufasha dute muri ibi?

Kugira ngo serivisi zo kubika amaraso zigire icyo zigeraho, hagomba kubaho uburyo buhoraho bwo gutanga amaraso. Twese dushobora kuyatanga.

• Niba uri umuntu mukuru ufite ubuzima bwiza kandi wujuje ibisabwa kugira ngo utange amaraso, tanga amaraso nta kabuza. Reba niba hari inkambi itangirwamo amaraso mu gace utuyemo, cyangwa ushobora gusura ikigo cy’amaraso kiri mu bitaro bya leta biri hafi yawe ukabona amakuru arambuye.
• Igisha inshuti zawe n'umuryango wawe akamaro ko gutanga amaraso. Kuraho imyumvire itari yo kandi ushishikarize abandi kubikora.
• Sangiza ubutumwa bwo gutanga amaraso binyuze ku mbuga nkoranyambaga.

Wibuke ko igitonyanga cy'amaraso utanga gishobora kurokora ubuzima bw'umuntu!

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka

Rero, ushobora kuba usobanukiwe ko banki y'amaraso atari ahantu ubika amafaranga, ahubwo ni ahantu h'agaciro gakomeye ubika ubuzima kandi bigafasha mu kurokora ubuzima. Banki y'amaraso ni aho amaraso atangwa n'abantu bazima asuzumwa neza, agacibwamo ibice, akabikwa neza, agahabwa umuntu ukwiye, igihe bibaye ngombwa.

Amaraso ni ikintu kidashobora gukorwa mu buryo bw'ubukorano kandi gishobora kuboneka gusa mu mubiri w'umuntu. Kubwibyo, gutanga amaraso ni cyo gitambo gikomeye umuntu ashobora gutanga. Gutanga amaraso rimwe gusa bishobora kurokora ubuzima bw'abantu benshi. Kubwibyo, jya gutanga amaraso nta bwoba cyangwa gushidikanya. Ibyiza uzabona muri yo bizaba ari ntagereranywa.

` Ububiko bw'amaraso, gutanga amaraso, guterwa amaraso, amatsinda y'amaraso, NBTS, Sri Lanka, ubuzima