Ese umwana wawe afite ibi bibazo? Reka tuvuge ku ndwara yo mu bwonko itera indwara z'ubwonko

Hari igihe abana bacu bato bagira ingorane zo kugenda, kuvuga, cyangwa no kurya neza, si byo se? Ushobora kuba warabonye abana nk'abo. Impamvu imwe itera iyi ndwara ni indwara yo mu bwonko yitwa CP mu magambo ahinnye. Ntugatinye nubyumva, tuzabivugaho mu buryo bworoshye, mu buryo ushobora kumva.

Indwara yo mu bwonko itera indwara y'ubwonko ni iki? Reka tubisobanukirwe mu buryo bworoshye.

Mu magambo make, indwara yo mu bwonko ni indwara aho ubwonko bwacu budashobora kuvugana n'imitsi yacu. Tekereza ubwonko bwacu nk' "ikigo cy'ubuyobozi" bw'imibiri yacu. Iyo habayeho ikibazo mu buryo iki kigo cy'ubuyobozi cyohereza ubutumwa ku mitsi yacu, cyangwa niba hari igice cy'ubwonko cyangiritse, imitsi ntizakora neza. Abana bafite iyi ndwara bagorwa no kugenzura imitsi yabo . Ibi bivuze ko bashobora kugorwa no kwimura amaguru n'amaboko yabo, kugenda, kwiruka, cyangwa gusimbuka uko babyifuza. Hari abana bashobora gukenera gukoresha intebe y'abamugaye cyangwa inkoni kugira ngo bagende. Ariko, ibi bishobora gutandukana cyane bitewe n'umwana. Bimwe bishobora kugira ingaruka nke cyane, mu gihe ibindi bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye kurushaho.

Igikuru ni uko indwara yo mu bwonko idakomeza kwiyongera umunsi ku wundi. Kwangirika k'ubwonko ntigukomeza kwiyongera. Ariko, tugomba gufasha umwana kwihanganira ingorane ziterwa n'iyo ndwara.

Kuki habaho ubumuga bwo mu bwonko? Ni izihe mpamvu?

Indwara yo mu bwonko ikunze guterwa no kwangirika k'ubwonko bw'umwana mu gihe cy'imikurire ye . Ibi bishobora kubaho mu buryo butatu bw'ingenzi: 1. Igihe umwana akiri mu nda (atarabyara):

• Hari ubwandu umubyeyi yandura mu gihe atwite - urugero, Rubella , Cytomegalovirus (CMV).
• Umwana agirwaho ingaruka na nyina ufite ubwoko bw'amaraso budahuye (Rh incompatibility).
• Zimwe mu ndwara zidakira z’umubyeyi ntizigenzurwa neza.
• Ibintu bitera imiterere y'umubiri cyangwa imiterere mibi ya chromosome bigira ingaruka ku mikurire y'ubwonko mu gihe cyo gutwita.
• Kugabanuka k'umwuka wa ogisijeni ku mwana uri mu nda.

2. Mu gihe cyo kuvuka (igihe cyo kubyara):

• Kuvuka ukiri muto cyane (kubyara igihe kitageze). Abana bavutse mbere y'ibyumweru 32 ni bo bafite ibyago byinshi.
• Abana bavukana ibiro bike cyane.
• Kubura umwuka wa ogisijeni mu bwonko mu gihe cyo kuvuka (kubura umwuka wo mu nda).
• Kubyara abana benshi - nk'impanga.

3. Mu myaka mike ya mbere nyuma yo kubyara (Nyuma yo kubyara):

• Indwara zigira ingaruka ku bwonko bw'umwana - urugero, meningitis cyangwa encephalitis.
• Gukomereka mu mutwe - nko kugwa cyangwa impanuka.
• Kugenzura nabi indwara z'ibicurane .
• Hari igihe habaho kuva amaraso mu bwonko.

Ariko, hari igihe nta mpamvu yihariye iboneka ituma abana bamwe barwara indwara yo mu bwonko. Tugomba no kubyibuka.

Ese hari ubwoko bw'indwara zo mu bwonko zitera ubumuga?

Yego, indwara y'ubwonko ishobora kugabanywamo ubwoko butandukanye bw'ingenzi. Ubu buryo bushingira ku hantu bwangiritse ku bwonko n'uko bugira ingaruka ku mitsi.

• Indwara yo mu bwonko itera imitsi ku buryo bukabije: Iyi ni yo ndwara ikunze kugaragara cyane. Aba bana bafite imitsi ikomeye kandi idakomera. Ni nk'aho bafashwe n'umukandara. Ibi bituma bigorana kugenda kandi bananirwa vuba.
• Hari igihe amaguru yombi gusa ashobora kwangirika (Spastic Diplegia).
• Hari igihe uruhande rumwe rw'umubiri (ukuboko cyangwa ukuguru) rushobora kwangirika (Spastic Hemiplegia).
• Hari igihe ishobora kugira ingaruka ku maboko yombi, ku maguru yombi, ndetse no mu maso (Spastic Quadriplegia). Iki ni cyo kibazo gikomeye cyane.

• Dyskinetic Cerebral Palsy: Aba bana bagorwa no kugenzura ingendo zabo. Amaguru, isura n'igituza byabo bigenda nta bushake bwabo kandi nta kugenzura. Izi ngendo zishobora kuba zirimo gutitira buhoro buhoro (athetoid), gutitira vuba (choreoathetoid), cyangwa zishobora kurangwa n'imitsi idahinduka kandi ikomeye ihinduka mu buryo butunguranye (dystonic).

• Indwara yo mu bwonko ya Ataxic: Ubu bwoko bw'indwara zigira ingaruka cyane ku kuringaniza no guhuza imikorere y'umubiri. Aba bana bagorwa no kugenda, gusitara no kunyeganyega. Bashobora kubona icyo umuntu ashaka iyo bagerageje guterura ikintu gito, ariko bakagorwa no kugifata neza.

• Indwara yo mu bwonko ivanze: Abana bamwe bashobora kugira ibimenyetso by’ubwoko burenze bumwe muri ubwo bwavuzwe haruguru icyarimwe. Urugero, bashobora kugaragaza ibimenyetso bya spastic na dyskinetic.

Kumenya ubu buryo bwo gushyira mu byiciro ni ingenzi kugira ngo hamenyekane uburyo umwana akeneye kuvurwa n'amahugurwa.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bikunze kugaragara ku mwana urwaye indwara yo mu bwonko?

Ni ngombwa kwibuka ko ibi bimenyetso bishobora gutandukana cyane bitewe n'umwana umwe. Nanone, kugira kimwe cyangwa bibiri muri ibi bimenyetso ntibivuze ko umwana afite CP. Ariko, ni ngombwa kubimenya.

• Ibibazo bifitanye isano n'imitsi:
• Imitsi ikomeye cyane cyangwa irekuye cyane kandi itembagara .
• Kugorwa no kugenzura amaguru n'amaboko, imyifatire idahwitse.
• Guhinda umushyitsi cyangwa ingendo zidakozwe ku bushake.
• Ingorane zo kugenda: Hari abantu bagenda ku mano yabo (gutembera ku mano), bagenda nabi, cyangwa bagatakaza uburinganire bwabo iyo bagenda.
• Kugorwa no gukora neza imitsi nko gufata utuntu duto, gukanda utubuto, no kwandika.

• Gutinda mu iterambere:
• Gutinda guhindukiza ijosi, kuzunguruka, kwicara, kunyara, guhagarara no kugenda, hakurikijwe imyaka.
• Gutinda gutangira kuvuga, cyangwa kuvuga nabi.

• Izindi ngorane:
• Kugorwa no kumira no konka ibiryo (kugorwa no kugaburira).
• Kuramo amate.
• Indwara zo mu gicuri.
• Ubumuga bwo kutabona cyangwa kumva neza.
• Ubumuga bwo mu mutwe - Ibi ntibigira ingaruka ku bana bose bafite CP. Bamwe mu bana bashobora kuba bafite ubwenge busanzwe cyangwa buhanitse.
• Impinduka mu ijwi.
• Ubumuga bwo kwiga.
• Ibibazo by'amagufwa nka scoliosis.
• Kurwara impatwe kenshi.
• Ububabare - cyane cyane buterwa no gufungana kw'imitsi.

Niba ufite impungenge ku mikurire y'umwana wawe, cyangwa niba asa nkaho adakora ibintu bijyanye n'imyaka ye, ni byiza guhita ubonana na muganga w'abana kugira ngo akugire inama.

Iyi ndwara ipimwa ite? (Isuzuma)

Nta gupima amaraso rimwe gusa kugira ngo hamenyekane indwara y'ubwonko itera indwara y'ubwonko. Abaganga basuzuma iyi ndwara bareba imikurire y'umwana, imyitwarire ye, n'ibimenyetso bye uko igihe kigenda gihita. Bakora ibi bikurikira ahanini: 1. Gukurikirana imikurire y'umwana: Iterambere ry'imikurire y'umwana rirebwa. Urugero, imyaka umwana yatangiye kwicara, kumwenyura no gukurura. 2. Gusuzuma imikurire y'umwana: Ibizamini bigufi bikorerwa kugira ngo barebe niba umwana afite ubumenyi bujyanye n'imyaka ye. 3. Isuzuma ry'ubuvuzi n'imikurire y'umwana: Iki ni cyo kizamini cyimbitse cyane.

• Imitsi y'umwana, uburyo ahagaze, uko ahagaze, n'uburyo agenda bisuzumwa neza.
• Babaza ibijyanye no gutwita k'umubyeyi, kubyara kwe, n'ubuzima bw'umwana akiri muto.
• Hari igihe hashobora gutangwa scan ya MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) cyangwa CT (Computed Tomography) kugira ngo harebwe niba hari icyangiritse mu bwonko. MRI ishobora kubona neza imiterere myiza y'ubwonko.
• Iyo hakekwa ko hari igicuri, hashobora gukorwa ikizamini cya EEG (Electroencephalogram) . Ibi bipima imikorere y'amashanyarazi y'ubwonko.
• Iyo hakekwa izindi ndwara zikomoka ku ngirabuzimafatizo cyangwa indwara zishingiye ku mikorere y’umubiri, ibizamini nabyo bishobora gukorwa kuri izo ndwara.

Ubusanzwe iyi ndwara ifatwa mu mwaka wa mbere cyangwa ibiri umwana avutse. Ku bana bamwe bafite indwara zoroheje, indwara ishobora gutinda kugeza ku myaka 4-5.

Ese hari uburyo bwo kuvura iyi ndwara? Twafasha dute umwana?

Indwara yo mu bwonko si indwara ikira burundu. Kubera ko ibyangiritse mu bwonko bidashobora gusubizwa inyuma. Ariko, ntugahangayike! Ubuvuzi n'uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura bishobora kunoza cyane ubuzima bw'umwana, koroshya imirimo ya buri munsi, no kumufasha kubaho neza . Nta buryo bumwe bwo kuvura ibi. Kubera ko ibyo buri mwana akeneye bitandukanye, abaganga n'abavuzi bakorana kugira ngo bakore gahunda yo kuvura umwana yihariye . Gahunda ishobora kuba ikubiyemo ibi bikurikira:

• Ubuvuzi bw'umubiri (PT): Ibi ni ingenzi cyane. Imyitozo ngororamubiri n'imyitozo bitangwa kugira ngo bikomeze imitsi, binoze ubushobozi bwo kugenda, birusheho kuringaniza imikorere, kandi binongere urugero rw'imikorere.
• Ubuvuzi bw'Imirimo (OT): Bufasha umwana gukora imirimo ya buri munsi ku giti cye. Urugero, kwambara, kurya, gukina no kwandika. Nanone, bumwigisha gukoresha ibikoresho byo kwimenyereza mu gihe bibaye ngombwa.
• Ubuvuzi bw'Imvugo n'Ururimi: Bufasha abana bafite ibibazo byo kuvuga kuvuga neza no kugaragaza ibitekerezo byabo. Ibibazo byo kumira nabyo biravurwa. Hari abana bigishwa gukoresha ubundi buryo bwo gutumanaho (imfashanyigisho z'itumanaho).
• Imiti:
• Kugabanya imitsi igoramye (imitsi iruhura).
• Genzura ingendo zitari ngombwa.
• Kugenzura imiterere y'indwara y'igicuri.
• Gabanya ububabare.
• Kubagwa: Hari igihe kubagwa biba ngombwa kugira ngo ingingo zikosorwe bitewe no gukomera kw'imitsi cyangwa kugira ngo imitsi irusheho kugenda neza. Ariko, si buri wese ukeneye kubagwa.
• Ibikoresho byo gufasha:
• Ingendo n'ibibando byo gufasha mu kugenda n'amaguru.
• Inkweto zidasanzwe (orthotics), imigozi.
• Intebe z'abamugaye.
• Ibikoresho by'itumanaho.

Gufata ingamba hakiri kare ni cyo kintu cyiza ushobora gukorera umwana ufite ubumuga bwo mu bwonko. Kumenya ikibazo hakiri kare bishoboka no gutangiza serivisi zikenewe zo kuvura bishobora gufasha cyane iterambere ry'umwana.

Reka tuvuge ku bijyanye no kubana n'indwara yo mu bwonko yitwa cerebral palsy.

Indwara yo mu bwonko itera indwara y’ubwonko, ntigira ingaruka ku mwana gusa, ahubwo no ku muryango wose. Ariko, iyo bafashijwe neza, bakamenya neza kandi bagakundwa , abo bana bashobora kubaho ubuzima bwiza, burangwa n’ibyishimo, kandi bugaterwa ishema n’abandi bose.

• Reba ubushobozi bw'umwana: Aho kwibanda ku "bintu bigoye" ku mwana urwaye indwara ya CP, shakisha "ibintu bishoboka" kuri we. Shishikariza ibyo bintu.
• Ukwihangana no gusobanukirwa: Aba bana bashobora gufata igihe kirekire kugira ngo biga kandi bakore ibintu bimwe na bimwe. Bafashe kwihangana no gukunda.
• Shishikariza umwana kwigenga: Shishikariza umwana wawe gukora ibintu ku giti cye uko bishoboka kose. Ibi bizongera kwihesha agaciro.
• Uburezi: Abana bafite ubumuga bwo mu mutwe (CP) nabo bafite uburenganzira bwo kwiga. Hari abana bashobora kujya mu mashuri asanzwe, kandi hari n'abana bafite ibibazo byihariye by'uburezi. Fasha umwana wawe guhitamo inzira y'uburezi ikwiye.
• Imibanire n'abandi: Shishikariza umwana wawe gukina n'abandi bana no gusabana. Ibi bizamura ubuhanga bwe mu mibanire n'abandi.
• Nk'umubyeyi, irinde: Kwita ku mwana urwaye CP bishobora kugorana. Tekereza ku buzima bwawe bwo mu mutwe no ku mubiri. Shaka inama niba bikenewe. Kuganira n'abandi babyeyi bafite abana barwaye CP nabyo bishobora kuba isoko ikomeye y'imbaraga.

Hanyuma, ibintu bike byo kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

• Indwara yo mu bwonko ni intege nke mu mikorere y'imitsi iterwa no kwangirika k'ubwonko mu gihe cy'imikurire.
• Ibi bintu ntibikomeje kuba bibi umunsi ku wundi.
• Ibimenyetso biratandukanye bitewe n'umwana. Bimwe bishobora kugira ingaruka zoroshye, mu gihe ibindi bishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye kurushaho.
• Niba ubonye ko umwana wawe atinze gukura cyangwa ikibazo kijyanye n'imitsi, shaka ubufasha bwa muganga byihutirwa.
• Gusuzuma no kuvura hakiri kare (gufata ingamba hakiri kare) ni ingenzi cyane.
• Ibintu nk'ubuvuzi bw'umubiri, ubuvuzi bw'akazi, n'ubuvuzi bwo kuvuga bishobora kuzamura cyane ubuzima bw'umwana.
• Abana bafite CP bashobora kubaho ubuzima bwiza kandi bushimishije nk'abandi bose iyo bagiriwe urukundo, inkunga, n'amahirwe akwiye.

Wibuke ko utari wenyine. Hari abaganga, abavuzi, n'abandi benshi bashobora kugufasha muri uru rugendo. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ugukorera umwana wawe cyane udatakaje icyizere.

Indwara zo mu bwonko, indwara zo mu mutwe, indwara zo mu bwonko, indwara zo mu mitsi, gutinda mu mikurire