Ibanga ry'ububiko bw'urwibutso rwawe: Byose ku bijyanye na hippocampus!

Ese wigeze wibaza uburyo twibuka ibintu, tukiga ibintu bishya, kandi tukabona inzira yacu? Ibi byose bifashwa n'igice gito cyane cy'ubwonko bwacu. Icyo gice cyitwa hippocampus . Izina rishobora kumvikana nk'aho ritangaje, ariko akazi kacyo mu bwonko bwacu ni kanini kandi gafite agaciro gakomeye. Uyu munsi, reka tuvuge kuri iyi hippocampus itangaje.

Ni iki koko kiba muri hippocampus?

Mu magambo make, hippocampus ni ingenzi mu myigire yacu no kwibuka . Dore bimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi ikora:

• Kwiga: Iyo wize ikintu gishya, amakuru abanza kujya muri hippocampus. Ni igice cy'ubwonko gikora, kikacyumva, kandi kikagifasha kohereza mu bindi bice by'ubwonko bwacu.
• Ukwibuka kw'igihe gito n'ukwibuka kw'igihe kirekire: Tekereza uhuye n'inshuti nshya. Wibuka izina ryayo n'ikintu yavuze mu gihe gito bitewe n'ukwibuka kw'igihe gito kwa hippocampus. Hanyuma, hippocampus ifata iyi myumvire, igafata umwanzuro uti "Sawa, ibi ni ingenzi," ikayibika ahandi hantu hakwiye mu bwonko bwacu nk'ukwibuka kw'igihe kirekire . Ni nko gufata ibaruwa ukayishyira mu bubiko niba ari ingenzi.
• Kwibuka ahantu hagaragara: Ibi nibyo bigufasha kwibuka aho iduka riri, uko wagera mu rugo, n'uko ibintu bitegurwa mu cyumba iyo uri kugenda mu muhanda. Binakwibutsa uko wiyumva n'ibintu bikukikije.
• Kwibuka amagambo: Hippocampus ni yo idufasha kwibuka amagambo nyayo dukeneye iyo tuvuga, tutiriwe tuvuga tuti "Oh, iryo jambo ni irihe?"
• Kwibuka ibintu bitangaje cyangwa bisobanutse neza: Wibuka ibintu nk'ibyabaye mu buzima bwawe, amasomo wize, n'ibintu bifatika ubifashijwemo na hippocampus.

Ni gute hippocampus ikorana n'ibindi bice by'ubwonko?

Hippocampus ntikora yonyine. Ni igice cy'itsinda ry'ibice by'ubwonko bwacu byitwa Sisitemu y'Ubugingo . Iri tsinda rigenzura amarangamutima yacu, kwibuka, kumva impumuro, n'indi myitwarire yacu bwite tutazi ko dufite, nko gutera k'umutima, guhumeka, no kubira ibyuya.

Hippocampus ikorana bya hafi n'inshuti zayo muri sisitemu y'imyanya , amygdala na hypothalamus . Cyane cyane kuri amygdala niho amarangamutima ahurira n'urwibutso.

Tekereza ibi. Urimo kugenda mu muhanda ukabona imbwa nziza cyane kandi ikundana. Irakuzunguza umurizo, iraza iragukubita ikiganza. Wumva wishimye cyane kandi ukunda. Ikibaho hano ni uko hippocampus yawe na amygdala yawe bikorana kugira ngo bihuze ubu bunararibonye - imbwa, ibyiyumvo by'ibyishimo wagize - kandi byose bikabikwa hamwe nk'urwibutso mu bwonko bwawe. Ubutaha ubonye imbwa, iyo bwenge ishaje iraza, kandi ushobora kureba iyo nyamaswa nta bwoba, wishimye.

Ariko, tekereza ko imbwa ya mbere wabonye yakubise ikagerageza kugusimbukiraho, maze wumva ufite ubwoba. Ndetse n'icyo gihe, hippocampus n'izindi nshuti zayo barafatanya kandi babika ubwo bwenge buteye ubwoba. Ubutaha ubonye imbwa, irakwibutsa iti: "Hashobora kubaho akaga! Witondere!" Ibi ni byo twita 'igisubizo cyo kurwana cyangwa guhunga' . Ni ukuvuga ko hippocampus idufasha kwibuka ibintu byiza ndetse n'ibintu biteje akaga.

Hippocampus iherereye he? Imeze ite?

Hari hippocampi ebyiri mu mitwe yacu, iruhande rw'amatwi yacu, mu gice cy'umubiri. Yego, si imwe, ahubwo ni ebyiri! Imwe ibumoso bw'ubwonko, indi iburyo.

Mu buryo bugaragara, hippocampus isa n'ifarashi yo mu nyanja . Ifite ishusho ntoya kandi igoramye nk'inyuguti 'S'. Niyo mpamvu yitwa 'hippocampus', bikomoka ku ijambo rya kera ry'Ikigiriki risobanura "ifarashi yo mu nyanja." Ifite uburebure bwa santimetero 5, kandi igizwe n'uturemangingo twinshi dufatanye hejuru y'utundi.

Ihinduka rya Hippocampal ni iki?

Hippocampus si yo yonyine, hari n'ibindi bice bito byinshi biyifasha. Twese hamwe, tuyita 'Hippocampal Formation' . Dore bimwe mu bice byayo by'ingenzi n'imikorere yabyo:

• Dentate gyrus: Iki ni cyo gice gikemura ibibazo by’imitekerereze y’ahantu, kidufasha gushinga ibintu bishya, kandi kikadufasha gufata ibyemezo.
• Hippocampus nyayo (Cornu Ammonis): Iki ni cyo gice cy'ingenzi cya hippocampus. Gishinzwe gukora, gutunganya no kubika kwibuka. Gifite kandi utundi turere tune , CA1, CA2, CA3, na CA4, kugira ngo tubifashe.
• Subiculum: Ibi bikura amakuru muri hippocampus bikohereza ubutumwa mu bindi bice by'ubwonko. Ibi bivuze ko bifasha mu kugarura no gukoresha kwibuka.
• Entorhinal cortex: Iyi ni nk'irembo nyamukuru ry'amakuru ajya cyangwa ava muri hippocampus. Amakuru yinjira kandi agasohoka muri hippocampus anyuze muri iyi.

Bigenda bite iyo hippocampus yangiritse?

Tekereza uko byagenda iyo hippocampus, ikora akazi gakomeye nk'ako, ikagira impanuka, indwara, cyangwa ikindi cyangirika cy'ubwonko? Hanyuma inzira twavuze mbere, nko gukora kwibuka, kwibuka ibintu, no gutunganya amazina, amatariki, ahantu n'ibyabaye, zishobora guhungabana cyane.

Dore zimwe mu ndwara zikunze kwangiza hippocampus:

• Indwara ya Alzheimer
• Kubura ubwenge (amnesia)
• Indwara yo mu mutwe (Dementia)
• Encephalitis (kubyimba ubwonko)
• Indwara y'igicuri
• Hypoxia (uku ni ukubura umwuka wa ogisijeni mu bwonko)
• Indwara yo guhangayika nyuma y'ihungabana (PTSD)
Schizophrenia

Si ibyo gusa, ahubwo uko tugenda dusaza , ingano n'imikorere ya hippocampus nabyo biragabanuka gato. Ibyo ni ibisanzwe. Rero uko tugenda dusaza, kwibuka kwacu gushobora kugabanuka gato, kandi dushobora kutabasha kwibuka ibintu vuba nk'uko twabikoraga mbere.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bisanzwe by'ibibazo bifitanye isano na hippocampus?

Umuntu ufite ikibazo cya hippocampus ashobora kugaragaza ibimenyetso nk'ibi bikurikira:

• Gutakaza kwibuka: Kugorwa no kwibuka ibintu, cyane cyane ibishya.
• Ihindagurika ry'amarangamutima: Ushobora kumva uhangayitse, ubabaye, cyangwa urakaye kenshi.
• Indwara zo mu mutwe : Hari ubwo iyi ndwara ishobora kubaho.

Nanone, ibi bintu bishobora guteza ibibazo:

• Kugorwa no gukomeza ikiganiro neza.
• Kugorwa no gufata ibyemezo.
• Kugorwa no gukurikiza amabwiriza.
• Kudashobora kubona aho ugana ndetse n'ahantu umenyereye.
• Gutakaza kwibuka aho ibintu bikunze gukoreshwa nk'imfunguzo n'indorerwamo biri.
• Sinshobora kwibuka igisubizo cy'ikibazo nabajije mu gihe gishize.
• Kudashobora kwibukira ibintu bishya.

Ariko dore ikintu cy'ingenzi. Akenshi, iyo hippocampus yangiritse, bigira ingaruka cyane cyane ku kwibuka igihe gito . Ukwibuka kwacu igihe kirekire ntikubikwa muri hippocampus, ahubwo kubikwa mu bindi bice by'ubwonko. Niyo mpamvu bamwe mu bantu bafite indwara nka Alzheimer , wabonye, ​​bashobora kwibuka ibintu byabaye kera cyane, ibintu byabaye mu bwana bwabo, ariko ntibashobora kwibuka izina ry'umuntu bahuye mu gihe gito gishize cyangwa icyo bariye mu ifunguro rya mu gitondo.

Wamenya ute ko hippocampus yawe yangiritse?

Niba wowe cyangwa undi muntu uzi afite ibi bimenyetso, icyiza wakora ni ukudatinya ngo urebe muganga. Muganga azagusuzuma kandi ashobora gukora ibintu nk'ibi:

• Isuzuma ry'umubiri
• Isuzuma ry'imitsi
• Isuzumabumenyi ry'imitekerereze
• Isuzuma rya Magnetic Resonance (MRI)
• Isuzuma rya Positron Emission Tomography (PET scan)
• Isuzuma rya mudasobwa (CT)

Muganga ashobora kandi gufata icyemezo cyo gukora ibindi bipimo kugira ngo agaragaze ko hari izindi ndwara zifite ibimenyetso bisa.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura indwara zifitanye isano na hippocampus?

Muganga wawe azagutanga imiti ishingiye ku mpamvu y'ibimenyetso byawe n'ububabare urimo kugira. Si abantu bose bazabona ubuvuzi bumwe. Imiti isanzwe ikubiyemo:

• Gukoresha imiti: Kugenzura ibimenyetso cyangwa kuvura icyateye indwara.
• Ubuvuzi bw'imitekerereze: Ubuvuzi bw'imitekerereze , cyane cyane ubuvuzi bw'imyitwarire yo mu mutwe (CBT), bushobora gufasha mu bibazo byo kwibuka no mu myitwarire.
• Imyitozo yo mu mutwe cyangwa kugarura ubwenge: Ibikorwa bitandukanye bifasha kunoza ibintu nko kwibuka no kwita ku bintu.

Muganga azaganira nawe ku buryo bwiza bwo kuvura indwara yawe.

Ni gute nakomeza hippocampus yanjye?

Hippocampus ni kimwe mu bigize imiterere minini mu bwonko bwacu. Rero, kugira ubuzima bwiza muri rusange ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo gutuma ubwonko bwacu bukomeza ubuzima. Ushobora kurinda ubwonko bwawe no gukomeza hippocampus ukora ibi bikurikira:

• Komeza kugenzura neza izindi ndwara zawe (urugero: diyabete, umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso).
• Kurya indyo yuzuye kandi ifite intungamubiri.
• Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe. Kugenda n'amaguru nibura iminota 30 ku munsi na byo ni byiza.
• Gabanya stress uko bishoboka kose kandi ushake uburyo bwo kuyigenzura.
• Gusinzira neza nibura amasaha 7-8 ku munsi.
• Buri gihe wige ibintu bishya. Bishobora kuba ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose, nk'ururimi rushya, igikoresho cy'umuziki, cyangwa ingingo nshya. Ibi bituma ubwonko bukomeza gukora.

Nanone, ushobora gukora ibi bintu kugira ngo urusheho kunoza ubuzima bw'ubwonko bwawe:

• Kuganira n'abandi, kumarana umwanya n'inshuti (kubana neza n'abandi).
• Gutangiza ikintu gishya cyangwa kuvugurura icya kera.
• Gusoma ibitabo.
• Kumva indirimbo, kumva umuziki.

Muganga wawe ashobora kugenzura ubuzima bwawe muri rusange akaguha inama nziza zo kunoza ubuzima bw'ubwonko bwawe.

Ikintu cy'ingenzi tugomba kwibuka ni

Rero, ushobora kuba usobanukiwe ko hippocampus ari igice gito ariko gifite imbaraga nyinshi kandi cy'ingenzi mu bwonko bwacu. Kidufasha kwiga, kwibuka ibintu, no kumenyera ibidukikije. Gihora gikora kugira ngo twige kandi dusubize ibidukikije. Kubera iyo mpamvu, hippocampus ishobora kwangirika bitewe n'indwara cyangwa impanuka.

Kuba wenyine bishobora kugorana cyane ku muntu ufite ikibazo gikora ku mikorere ya hippocampus. Ashobora kwibagirwa gufata imiti ye, kwibagirwa gukora imirimo ye ya buri munsi, kwibagirwa kuzimya ishyiga igihe asohoka mu nzu, cyangwa gutakaza inzira atwaye imodoka. Ibi bintu bishobora kukugirira nabi wowe n'abandi. Kubwibyo, hari igihe umuntu ufite ikibazo gikora kuri iki gice cy'ubwonko ashobora gukenera umuntu wo kumwitaho amasaha 24 ku munsi.

Niba uri umuforomo wita ku muntu ufite ibibazo byo kwibuka nk'ibi, ushobora kumva ko ufite inshingano zikomeye. Bishobora kukugora kuba uri kumwe n'umuntu ukunda utakuzi cyangwa utakwibuka impamvu ukeneye ubufasha. Niba ukeneye ubufasha mu bijyanye n'ubuzima bwo mu mutwe bwawe, cyangwa niba ukeneye ubufasha mu kwita ku muntu ukunda ufite ibibazo byo kwibuka, ntugatinye kuvugana na muganga cyangwa umuntu wizeye. Ntabwo uri wenyine.

Rero, hippocampus ni igice cy'ingenzi cyane mu buzima bwacu. Twese tugerageze kuyibungabunga.

Hippocampus , ubwonko, kwibuka, kwiga, limbic system, indwara ya Alzheimer, neuroscience