Reka twige byinshi kuri Leptospirose - Uburyo bwo kuyirinda!

Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku ndwara iteye ubwoba ikunze kuvugwaho mu gihe cy'imvura mu gihugu cyacu. Ese wigeze wumva 'indwara y'ubuki' ? Ni uko imeze. Ariko mu buvuzi, yitwa Leptospirose. None rero uyu munsi, reka tuvuge ku ndwara iyo ari yo, uko iterwa, ibimenyetso byayo, n'uburyo bwo kuyirinda.

Leptospirose ni iki? Mu magambo make...

Leptospirose ni indwara iterwa n'ubwoko bwa bagiteri yitwa Leptospira. Iyi bagiteri ishobora kwinjira mu mubiri wawe binyuze mu gukomereka gato cyangwa gukomereka ku ruhu rwawe, cyangwa ikanyura ahantu hafunguye nko mu maso, mu mazuru cyangwa mu kanwa. Tekereza nk'umujura winjiye mu nzu yawe.

Iyi ni indwara iterwa n’imbwa . Ibi bivuze ko ushobora kwandura iyi ndwara mu gihe uhuye n’inkari (tubyita inkari ) cyangwa amazi ava mu buryo bw’imyororokere bw’inyamaswa yanduye, cyangwa mu gihe uriye amazi, ubutaka, cyangwa ibiryo byandujwe n’iyi bagiteri.

Ni nde uri mu kaga gakomeye ko kugira ibi?

Mu by’ukuri, umuntu uwo ari we wese ku isi ashobora kurwara leptospirose. Ariko, ikunze kugaragara cyane mu bihugu bishyushye kandi bishyuha, cyane cyane mu turere dufite imvura nziza mu mwaka wose . Igihugu cyacu, Sri Lanka, ni kimwe muri ibyo. Niba utuye muri ako gace, cyangwa niba ugenda, ibyago biba byinshi.

Tekereza kuri ubu buryo:

• Abahinzi bakora mu mirima , abantu bakora mu bishanga.
• Abantu basukura imiyoboro y'amazi , abakozi ba komini.
• Abantu bakorana bya hafi n'amatungo mu mirima (nk'inka, ihene, ingurube, n'imbwa).
• Ku bantu banyura mu mazi mabi mu gihe cy'ibiza nk'imyuzure , no ku bakora ubutabazi.
• Hari igihe, iyi ngaruka ishobora kubaho no mu gihe woga mu ruzi, mu muyoboro w'amazi, mu mugezi cyangwa mu kiyaga wishimisha , cyane cyane ahantu amazi afatwa nk'ahumanye, cyangwa mu gihe ukora siporo yo mu mazi (nk'iyo mu mazi y'umweru). Iyi ngaruka irushaho kwiyongera mu gihe cy'imvura na nyuma y'umwuzure.

Ndetse no muri Amerika, iyi ndwara yakwirakwiriye nyuma y’imyuzure muri leta nka Hawaii na Florida. Rero iki si ikintu cyo gufata nk'ikintu cyoroshye.

Iyi ndwara ikunze kugaragara mu bantu gute? Igaragara mu bantu gute?

Ku isi yose, bivugwa ko abantu barenga miliyoni barwara leptospirose buri mwaka . Muri abo , hafi ibihumbi mirongo itandatu barapfa . Ibi bivuze ko iyi ari indwara ishobora kwica. Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa ko tuyimenya.

Ni ibihe byiciro bya leptospirose?

Hari ibyiciro bibiri by'ingenzi bya leptospirose.

1. Icyiciro cya Leptospiremic cyangwa icyiciro cy’ubukana bw’indwara:Iki ni cyo cyiciro cya mbere. Iki cyiciro gishobora gutangira iminsi ibiri kugeza kuri cumi n'ine nyuma y'uko bagiteri ya `Leptospira` yinjiye mu mubiri. Akenshi imara iminsi itatu kugeza ku icumi. Muri icyo gihe, bagiteri zizenguruka mu maraso yawe zikagera mu ngingo zawe z'imbere . Ikizamini cy'amaraso muri iki gihe gishobora kugaragaza ibimenyetso by'ubwandu. Hari abantu bashobora kugira ibimenyetso byoroheje nk'umuriro muri iki gihe, abandi bashobora kutagira ibimenyetso na gato.

2. Icyiciro cy'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri (igice cya nyuma): Muri iki cyiciro, bagiteri ziba zarakwirakwiriye mu maraso zijya mu ngingo zawe. Iyi bagiteri irundanya mu mpyiko, cyane cyane mu mpyiko . (Impyiko ni nk'akayunguruzo mu mubiri wacu gasukura amaraso). Rero, niba ukoze ikizamini cy'inkari muri iki gihe, ushobora kubona ibimenyetso bya bagiteri. Ushobora kandi kubona ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri burwanya bagiteri ya 'Leptospira' mu maraso yawe.

Muri iki gihe cyo kwirwanaho kw'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, niho bamwe barwara indwara ikomeye yitwa Weil's syndrome . Ibi bishobora gutera ingorane zikomeye nko kuva amaraso imbere mu mubiri, kwangirika kw'impyiko, no guhinduka umuhondo mu maso no mu ruhu (jaundice).

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bya leptospirose?

Hari abantu bagira ibimenyetso byoroheje nk'umuriro, abandi nta bimenyetso na gato bagira. Mu bihe bikomeye, ibimenyetso birimo kuva amaraso imbere no kwangirika kw'ingingo.

Ibimenyetso bigaragara mu buryo butunguranye muri leptospirose ikabije:

• Kugira umuriro mwinshi
• Gutukura kw'amaso (gutera inshinge mu gice cy'amaso)
• Umutwe
• Ubukonje ( kumva ubukonje )
• Kubabara imitsi
• Ububabare bwo mu nda
• Isesemi no kuruka
• Impiswi
• Umuhondo w'uruhu n'amaso (Jaundice) - Iki ni ikimenyetso ugomba kwitondera.
• Uduheri ku ruhu, uduheri ku ruhu

Ibimenyetso bya leptospirose ikomeye "Weil's syndrome" (bishobora kugaragara nyuma y'iminsi 3-10 ibimenyetso bya mbere bitangiye):

• Gukorora amaraso (hemoptysis)
• Kubabara mu gatuza
• Guhumeka nabi
• Umuhondo wijimye w'uruhu n'amaso
• Umukara , umwanda utemba - Iki gishobora kuba ikimenyetso cyo kuva amaraso imbere mu mubiri.
• Amaraso mu nkari (hematuria)
• Kugabanuka k'inkari
• Uduheri dutukura ku ruhu, tureshya n'uduheri (petechiae)

Niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso bikomeye, ugomba guhita ujya kwa muganga .

Impamvu n'ikwirakwira rya leptospirose

Nkuko twabivuze mbere, leptospirose iterwa na bagiteri yitwa 'Leptospira'. Iyi bagiteri yinjira mu mubiri wawe inyuze mu kanwa, mu mazuru, mu maso, cyangwa mu gisebe cy'uruhu rwawe. Hanyuma inyura mu maraso yawe ikagera mu ngingo zawe, cyane cyane impyiko. Impyiko niho "amaraso yacu" "asukurwa".

Impyiko zisohora imyanda n'uburozi binyuze mu nkari. Rero, izi bagiteri ziri mu mpyiko nazo zisohoka mu mubiri binyuze mu nkari. Uko ni ko leptospirose yandurira undi muntu cyangwa inyamaswa.

Akenshi, abantu bandura iyi ndwara binyuze mu nkari z'inyamaswa zifite bagiteri ya 'Leptospira'. Imbeba ni zo zitwara iyi ndwara, niyo mpamvu yitwa 'ifu y'imbeba'. Ariko si imbeba gusa, ahubwo n'inyamaswa iyo ari yo yose nka imbwa, inka, amafarashi, ingurube zishobora kwandura iyi ndwara, kandi dushobora kuyirwara. Hari inyamaswa zishobora kutagaragaza ibimenyetso iyo zirwaye iyi ndwara.

Rero, iyo uhuye n'amazi (amazi yo mu murima, amazi y'imyanda, amazi y'umwuzure) cyangwa ubutaka bwandujwe n'inkari z'izi nyamaswa, ushobora kurwara. Mu buryo bworoshye:

• Gukora ku nkari cyangwa andi mazi y'umubiri w'inyamaswa yanduye.
• Mu gushyira amazi cyangwa ubutaka byanduye mu maso yawe, mu mazuru, cyangwa mu kanwa, cyangwa mu gukora ku ruhu rwangiritse .

Nyuma y'imvura nyinshi cyangwa imyuzure, abantu benshi bashobora kurwara iyi ndwara icyarimwe. Uko amazi y'umwuzure atemba, iyi bagiteri irunda mu migezi, mu migezi no mu biyaga.

Igikuru ni uko leptospirose idakunze kwandurira mu muntu umwe ijya ku wundi. Ibi bivuze ko idashobora kwandurira mu kuganira cyangwa mu guhana ikiganza n'umurwayi.

Iyi ndwara ipimwa ite? (Isuzuma)

Niba ufite ibimenyetso bya leptospirose, muganga azagusuzuma akubaze ibimenyetso byawe, aho wagiye (cyane cyane niba warigeze guhura n'amazi yanduye), n'icyo ukora. Hanyuma, ibizamini bikurikira bishobora gukorwa:

• Gupima amaraso n'inkari: Amaraso make akurwa mu kuboko kwawe, cyangwa hagafatwa icyitegererezo cy'inkari, hanyuma ikizamini kigakorwa kugira ngo harebwe ibimenyetso bya bagiteri ya Leptospira.
• Ibizamini byo gufata amashusho: Niba ufite ibimenyetso bikomeye, muganga wawe ashobora kugukorera X-ray yo mu gituza cyangwa CT scan . Ibi bishobora kugenzura niba ingingo zawe z'imbere zangiritse.

Leptospirose ivurwa ite?

Abaganga bavura leptospirose bakoresheje imiti yica udukoko . Niba ufite ibimenyetso byoroheje kandi byoroheje, bashobora kukubwira kureba niba ukira utivuje, ariko ugomba gukurikirana ibimenyetso byawe.

Niba ufite indwara ikomeye ya leptospirose (nk'indwara ya Weil), nta kabuza uzakenera kujya mu bitaro.Antibiyotike zishyirwa mu maraso binyuze mu muti wa saline (IV). Bitewe n'ingingo zawe zafashweho ingaruka, hashobora gukenerwa indi miti cyangwa imiti.

Imiti n'uburyo bukoreshwa mu kuvura:

• Antibiyotike: Imiti nka doxycycline, amoxicillin , ampicillin, penicillin-G, na ceftriaxone ikoreshwa muri ibi. Muganga azagena umuti azaguha akurikije uko indwara yawe imeze n'amateka y'ubuzima bwawe.
• Guhumeka hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga: Niba ubwandu bwarageze mu bihaha byawe kandi ukaba ugorwa no guhumeka, ushobora gukenera guhabwa imashini yo guhumeka. Muri iki gihe, uzasinzira.
• Plasmapheresis: Ubu buryo bwo kuvura bwitwa kandi plasma exchange, bushobora gufasha abantu bafite ibyago byo kwangirika kw'ingingo zabo bitewe na leptospirose. Ibi bikubiyemo gufata amaraso yawe unyuze mu muyoboro uhujwe n'imitsi, ugakoresha imashini kugira ngo utandukanye plasma n'amaraso yawe, ukayisimbuza indi plasma, hanyuma ukongera kuyashyira mu mubiri wawe.

Ni gute wakwitwara mu gihe ibimenyetso bihari?

Niba ufite ibimenyetso byoroheje, muganga wawe azakubwira icyo wakora kugira ngo bikugabanyirize. Ku muriro n'ububabare bw'umubiri, ushobora gufata imiti igabanya ububabare ukoresheje ububiko nka ibuprofen (urugero: Advil®, Motrin®) cyangwa acetaminophen (urugero: Tylenol®, Panadol®). Ariko ntugafate imiti iyo ari yo yose utarinze kugirwa inama na muganga .

Ni gute wakwirinda leptospirose? (Kwirinda)

Muri iki gihe nta rukingo rw'iyi ndwara ruhari muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, kandi ni ko bimeze no mu gihugu cyacu. Rero, uburyo bwiza bwo kwirinda leptospirose ni ukwirinda koga cyangwa kwibira mu mazi ashobora kwanduzwa n'inkari z'inyamaswa . Cyane cyane irinde amazi y'umwuzure.

Dore ubundi buryo ushobora kugabanya ibyago byawe:

• Gufata Prophylaxis: Niba ugiye mu gace gashobora kwibasirwa n’ibiza cyangwa ugakora akazi gashobora kwibasirwa n’ibiza (urugero: akazi ko gufasha mu gihe cy’imyuzure), baza muganga wawe niba ushobora gufata umuti (urugero: doxycycline) kugira ngo wirinde ko indwara ikura.
• Irinde inyamaswa zishobora kuba zifite leptospirose. Ntukajye ahantu hose hari imbeba.
• Niba ukorana n'inyamaswa cyangwa uri ahantu hakorerwa inyamaswa, ambara imyenda n'inkweto birinda indwara (urugero: inkweto zo mu bwoko bwa "inkweto" iyo ugiye mu murima).
• Niba ugomba gushyira amaboko yawe mu mazi cyangwa mu butaka bushobora kuba bwanduye, ambara inkweto n'imyenda yo kwirinda.
• Reka koga no gukina siporo yo mu mazi mu biyaga, mu migezi no mu migezi nyuma y'umwuzure.
• Nywa amazi meza gusa. Ntukanywe amazi yo mu biyaga, mu migezi cyangwa mu migezi. Nibura uyateke neza hanyuma uyanywe.
• Niba ugomba gufata inyamaswa zapfuye, wambare uturindantoki. Ntukazikoreho n'intoki zambaye ubusa, hanyuma woge intoki zawe neza n'isabune nyuma.
• Upfuke ibikomere bifunguye n'imivune ku ruhu rwawe ukoresheje agapfundikizo kadaca amazi.

Bigenda bite uramutse urwaye leptospirose? (Ibibazo)

Inshuro nyinshi za leptospirose ziba zoroheje, kandi rimwe na rimwe zirakira nta kuvurwa . Ariko, muganga azakurikirana ibimenyetso byawe.

Niba ibimenyetso byawe birushijeho kwiyongera, cyangwa niba ugaragaje ibimenyetso bishya, bwira muganga wawe ako kanya. Niba ufite ibimenyetso bya Weil's syndrome, jya mu cyumba cyita ku barwayi barembye mu bitaro biri hafi yawe.

Leptospirose imara igihe kingana iki?

Leptospirose yoroheje ishobora kumara iminsi mike kugeza ku byumweru bike. Niba ufite leptospirose ikomeye, uzakenera kumara ibyumweru bibiri mu bitaro. Indwara zikomeye zishobora gufata amezi menshi kugira ngo zikire neza.

Ni ryari nshobora gusubira ku kazi/ku ishuri?

Leptospirose ntabwo yandurira cyane iva ku muntu umwe ijya ku wundi, bityo iyo umaze kugira ubuzima bwiza kandi ukumva umeze neza, ushobora gusubira ku kazi cyangwa ku ishuri.

Ese abantu barokoka leptospirose?

Yego rwose. Abantu benshi barwara leptospirose nta bimenyetso baba bafite, cyangwa ibimenyetso byoroheje cyane, kandi babyikemurira ubwabo.

Abantu bagera kuri 1% gusa barwara leptospirose nibo barwara indwara ikomeye izwi nka 'Weil's syndrome .' Indwara ya Weil ishobora kwica iyo idavuwe vuba cyangwa iyo ubuvuzi butinze. Ariko , iyo imenyekanye hakiri kare kandi ikavurwa neza, hari amahirwe menshi yo gukira burundu.

Nitwara nte?

Niba waranduye leptospirose, komeza ukurikirane ibimenyetso byawe. Bibwire muganga wawe niba birushaho kuba bibi cyangwa niba ugaragaje ibimenyetso bishya. Nywa ibinyobwa byinshi kandi uruhuke.

Ni ryari ngomba kujya kwa muganga?

Niba warahuye n'amazi cyangwa ubutaka bishobora kwandura hanyuma ukagaragaza ibimenyetso bya leptospirose, gana muganga.

Ni ryari ugomba kujya mu Kigo cyita ku Buvuzi bw’Ingoboka (ETU) ?

Niba ufite ibi bimenyetso, hita ujya kwa muganga uri hafi yawe:

• Niba ukorora no kuva amaraso
• Niba ufite ububabare mu gatuza
• Niba ufite ikibazo cyo guhumeka
• Iyo amaso n'uruhu bihindutse umuhondo
• Niba ufite intebe z'umukara, zitetse
• Niba hari amaraso mu nkari
• Iyo ingano y'inkari zakozwe yagabanutse
• Niba ufite ibibara bitukura ku ruhu rwawe (nk'ibisebe)

Ni ibihe bibazo ugomba kubaza muganga?

Iyo ugiye kwa muganga wawe, ushobora kubaza ibi bibazo:

• Nanduye iyi ndwara gute?
• Ni ryari ngomba kongera kubonana na muganga?
• Ni ibihe bimenyetso ngomba kwitondera, kandi se nkwiye kuvugana nawe mu gihe bibaye?
• Ni ibihe bimenyetso ngomba kujya mu cyumba cy’ubutabazi bw’ibanze?

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Leptospirose, cyangwa 'umuti w'imbeba' nk'uko tuyita, ni indwara ikunze gutera ibimenyetso byoroheje, ariko rimwe na rimwe ishobora kuba ikomeye. Ni ngombwa kumenya niba uri mu kaga ko kwandura bitewe n'akazi kawe cyangwa ibyo ukunda.

Ariko ibyo ntibivuze ko ugomba kureka kugendera mu bwato bwawe no kuzenguruka mu mirima. Umenye ingaruka zishobora kubaho, ufata ingamba zo kwirinda, kandi ukamenya ibimenyetso byabyo, ushobora kugira ubuzima bwiza kandi utekanye. Witondere cyane cyane mu gihe cy'imvura no mu gihe cy'imyuzure. Gusukura aho utuye na byo ni uburyo bwiza bwo kwirinda izi ndwara.

Umuriro w'imbeba , Leptospirose, Leptospirose, Kwandura kwa bagiteri, Indwara z'amatungo, Indwara z'impyiko, Kwirinda