Iyo ukomeje kurota inzozi nyinshi n'ibyiringiro, abamaze kwihanganira ububabare bwo kuzibura ni bo bonyine bumva neza uburyo bishobora kuba bibi. Hari igihe, mu buryo utashoboraga kwitega mu byumweru bya mbere byo gutwita , ibi bishobora kubaho. Uyu munsi, turimo kuganira ku ngingo benshi basanga bigoye kuvugaho, ariko ni ingenzi cyane: gusobanukirwa icyo gukuramo inda ari cyo.
Mu by'ukuri, gukuramo inda ni iki?
Mu magambo make, gukuramo inda —bikunze kwitwa ' gukuramo inda mu buryo butunguranye' —ni ugutakaza inda mu buryo butunguranye mu byumweru 20 bya mbere, cyangwa hafi amezi 5 ya mbere. Nubwo mu buvuzi byitwa ' gukuramo inda mu buryo butunguranye ,' ni cyo kintu cya mbere kandi cy'ingenzi ugomba gusobanukirwa: iyi si ikosa ryawe. Kenshi na kenshi, ibi bintu biba birenze ubushobozi bwawe kandi bibaho bitewe n'ihagarara ry'imikurire y'umwana .
Ni ubuhe bwoko butandukanye bw'inda ziterwa n'inda?
Ushobora kuba wibaza niba gukuramo inda kose bibaho mu buryo bumwe. Oya, muganga wawe ashobora kubishyira mu byiciro bikurikira:
Gukuramo inda byabuze
Muri iki gihe, ushobora no kutamenya ko inda yavuyemo kubera ko utabonye ibimenyetso bisanzwe. Akenshi ni mu gihe cyo gupima ultrasound gusa aho byemezwa ko nta mutima w'umwana uri mu nda urimo gutera. Birababaje cyane kwakira amakuru nk'ayo.
Gukuramo inda burundu
Ibi bibaho iyo igice cy'inda cyavuyemo burundu, kandi nyababyeyi yawe ikaba irimo ubusa. Ushobora kuva amaraso no gusohoka kw'igice cy'umubiri . Muganga wawe ashobora kubyemeza akoresheje ultrasound .
Gukuramo inda inshuro nyinshi
Ibi bivuga gutakaza inda inshuro eshatu zikurikiranye. Bivugwa ko bigira ingaruka kuri 1% by'abashakanye. Kumva biremereye cyane ni ibisanzwe rwose.
Gukuramo inda mu kaga
Muri iki gihe, nubwo inkondo yawe ikomeza gufunga, ushobora kuva amaraso no kubabara mu nda yo hasi, nk'uko bigenda no kuribwa mu gihe cy'imihango. Ariko, akenshi, gutwita bikomeza nta ngorane. Muganga wawe azagukurikiranira hafi mu gihe cyose cy'inda. Gutuza no gukurikiza inama za muganga ni ingenzi cyane hano.
Gukuramo inda mu buryo butunguranye
Aha, ushobora kumva amaraso no kubabara mu nda, mu gihe umura wawe utangiye gufunguka. Hari igihe ' amazi yo mu nda ' akikije umwana ashobora kuva. Muri ibi bihe, amahirwe yo gukuramo inda burundu aba menshi.
Nzamenya nte ko inda yanjye irimo gukorora? (Ibimenyetso)
Hari igihe gukuramo inda bishobora kubaho utabizi. Ariko, iyo ibimenyetso bigaragaye, ibi ni byo bimenyetso bikunze kugaragara:
- Kuva amaraso mu gitsina bigenda byiyongera buhoro buhoro. Hari igihe ushobora kubona ibara ry'umukara cyangwa amaraso apfutse.
- Kubabara mu nda yo hasi no kubabara mu nda. Muri rusange ibi biba bikomeye kurusha ububabare busanzwe bwo mu gihe cy'imihango.
- Ububabare bw'umugongo. Ibi bishobora gutangira buhoro buhoro bikarushaho kwiyongera cyangwa bikaguma ku rugero ruri hagati kuri bamwe.
- Kugabanuka kw'ibimenyetso byo gutwita. Urugero, ushobora kubona igabanuka ritunguranye ry'isereri cyangwa isesemi ya mugitondo.
Niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, nyamuneka hamagara umuganga wawe ako kanya.Bazagufasha kumenya niba ukwiye kujya kwa muganga cyangwa kujya mu ishami rishinzwe ubutabazi bwihuse. Nubwo bigoye kudatinya, gufata ingamba zihuse ni ngombwa.
Ni iki gitera gukuramo inda?
Benshi bibaza bati 'Kuki ibi byambayeho?' cyangwa 'Ese hari ikintu nakoze nabi?' Mu by'ukuri, inda nyinshi zo gukuramo inda ntiziterwa n'ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose wakoze. Reka turebe impamvu z'ingenzi.
Ibintu Bitagenda neza mu mikorere ya chromosome
Mu gihembwe cya mbere cy'inda - kugeza ku byumweru 13 by'inda - hafi 50% by'inda ziterwa n'imiterere mibi ya chromosome. Chromosomes zitwara gene zacu, zigena imiterere nk'ibara ry'umusatsi, ibara ry'amaso, n'ubwoko bw'amaraso. Iyo igi n'intanga bihuye, bihuza imiterere yabyo. Iyo hari chromosomes nyinshi cyangwa nke cyane, urusoro rushobora kudakura neza. Ibi bibazo bya chromosomes akenshi bibaho ku bw'amahirwe , kandi impamvu nyayo ntabwo izwi.
Izindi mpamvu zitera
Uretse ibibazo bya chromosome, hari n'ibindi bintu byinshi bishobora gutuma inda ikura:
- Indwara zandurira mu mubiri.
- Guhura n'ubwandu bwa TORCH (urugero: Toxoplasmose, Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes simplex).
- Kudahuza kw'imisemburo.
- Gushyira igi ry'intanga ngore mu rukuta rw'inda bidakwiye .
- Imyaka y'ubukure bw'umubyeyi. Ingaruka zo kubyara ziyongera gato uko imyaka igenda ishira.
- Ibitagenda neza mu mura (urugero: impinduka mu miterere y'umubiri, fibroids).
- Inkondo y'umura idakora neza (aho inkondo y'umura ifunguka hakiri kare cyane).
- Ibintu bifitanye isano n'ubuzima nko kunywa itabi, kunywa inzoga, cyangwa gukoresha ibiyobyabwenge mu buryo butemewe n'amategeko.
- Indwara z’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri nka Lupus.
- Indwara ikomeye y'impyiko.
- Indwara y'umutima yavukanye.
- Diyabete idacungwa neza.
- Indwara ya tiroyide.
- Guhura n'imirasire.
- Imiti imwe n'imwe , nka Isotretinoin (Accutane®) ikoreshwa mu kuvura ibiheri.
- Imirire mibi ikabije.
Icy'ingenzi kurushaho, nta gihamya ya siyansi igaragaza ko guhangayika, imyitozo ngororamubiri, imibonano mpuzabitsina, cyangwa gukoresha ibinini byo kuboneza urubyaro igihe kirekire bitera gukuramo inda. Uko imimerere yawe yaba iri kose, nyamuneka ntukiyishinje. Inda nyinshi ziterwa n'impamvu zitakunyuze. Kubyumva bishobora kuba intambwe y'ingenzi mu gukira kwawe.
Gukuramo inda bibabaza gute?
Ubu bunararibonye ni umwihariko kuri buri muntu wese. Bamwe bashobora kugira ububabare bukomeye mu nda yo hasi no kuribwa mu nda , mu gihe abandi bashobora kumva batameze neza nk'uko bigenda mu gihe cy'imihango. Ubukana bw'inda akenshi buterwa n'ubwoko bw'inda urimo gukuramo. Urugero, niba uri mu rugo, ushobora kugira ububabare bwinshi kurusha umuntu uri kubagwa kugira ngo akureho ingirangingo z'umwana uri mu nda mu gihe cyo "gusiba inda".
Ni iki kibaho bwa mbere mu gihe cyo gukuramo inda, kandi bifata igihe kingana iki?
Biragoye kumenya neza uko gukuramo inda bitangira kuko ibimenyetso biratandukanye. Hari igihe nta bimenyetso bigaragara inyuma na gato, kandi gukuramo inda bigaragazwa gusa mu gihe cyo gusuzuma hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya elektroni . Ariko, ku bagore benshi, urwego rumwe rw'ububabare bwo mu nda yo hasi no kuva amaraso mu gitsina ni ibimenyetso bisanzwe. Uko byagenda kose, intambwe iratandukanye kuri buri wese.
Mu buryo nk'ubwo, igihe cy'iyi gahunda kiratandukanye cyane . Abagore bamwe bashobora kugira ububabare bukomeye no kuva amaraso menshi igihe kirekire kurusha abandi. Muganga wawe ni we muntu mwiza wo kugufasha kumenya icyo wakwitega kandi ashobora kuguha inama zihariye ku bijyanye no gucunga ububabare no kubabara mu nda.
Ni ibihe bintu bishobora gutera gukuramo inda?
Impamvu y’ibyago ni ikintu kiranga cyangwa imyitwarire yongera ibyago byo kugira ikibazo runaka cy’uburwayi. Dore impamvu z’ingenzi zitera ibyago byo gukuramo inda:
- Imyaka Yawe: Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko nubwo ibyago byo gukuramo inda ku bagore bari mu kigero cy'imyaka 20 biri hagati ya 12% na 15%, byiyongera kugera kuri 25% ku myaka 40. Gukuramo inda nyinshi ziterwa n'imyaka biterwa n'imiterere mibi ya chromosome , aho urusoro rufite umubare utari wo wa chromosomes.
- Gukuramo inda mbere: Niba warigeze gukuramo inda mbere, ibyago byo gukuramo indi nda ni hafi 25% (ibi ni bike cyane ugereranyije n'umuntu utigeze akuramo inda).
- Indwara: Diyabete idacunzwe, indwara zimwe na zimwe, cyangwa ibibazo byihariye by’imiterere y’umura wawe cyangwa inkondo y’umura bishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara.
Ganira n'umuganga wawe kuri ibi bintu bishobora gutera ibyago. Bazasuzuma amateka y'ubuzima bwawe kugira ngo baguhe isuzuma ryihariye ry'ibyago byawe.
Gukuramo inda bikunze kugaragara gute, kandi ni gute ibyago bihinduka uko igihe kigenda gihita?
Bivugwa ko 10% kugeza kuri 20% by'inda zizwi zirangira zikuramo inda . Inyinshi muri zo (hafi 80%) ziba mu gihembwe cya mbere (ibyumweru 13 bya mbere). Gukuramo inda nyuma y'ibyumweru 20 ni gake cyane, bikaba biri munsi ya 5% by'ababyitabiriye.
Hari igihe, iyo tubara ibihombo bikiri bike cyane bibaho nyuma gato yo gushyirwa mu mubiri, igipimo gishobora kuba kinini. Muri ubwo buryo, kubera ko kuva amaraso akenshi bihurirana n'ukwezi gusanzwe, umuntu ashobora no kutamenya ko atwite. Ibi bizwi nka 'gutwita kwa shimi' .
Inkuru nziza ni uko ibyago byo gukuramo inda bigabanuka uko icyumweru gihita cy'inda yawe . Nubwo ibyago muri rusange ari 15%, ibyago mu gihembwe cya kabiri cy'amezi atatu (ibyumweru 13 kugeza 19) bigabanuka bikagera hagati ya 1% na 5%. Nubwo imyaka yawe n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange bigira uruhare runini, niba nta bibazo by'ubuzima ufite, ibyago byo gukuramo inda bikomeza kugabanuka uko inda yawe igenda itera imbere.
Gukuramo inda bipimwa gute?
Kugira ngo wemeze ko inda yavuyemo, muganga ashobora gukora ibizamini bikurikira:
- Isuzuma rya Ultrasound: Ibi bireba niba umutima w'umwana uri mu nda utera cyangwa niba hari imiterere nk'umuyonga w'igi , ikunze kugaragara mu gihe cyo gutwita.
- Ibipimo by'amaraso: Ibi bipima urugero rwa gonadotropin y'umuntu (hCG) , imisemburo ikorwa n'ingobyi. Urugero rwa hCG rugabanuka cyangwa rugabanuka buri gihe rushobora kwemeza ko inda yavuyemo.
- Isuzuma ry'ikibuno: Ibi bikoreshwa mu kureba niba umura wawe watangiye kwaguka (gufunguka).
Gukuramo inda bivurwa bite?
Iyo ugize ikibazo cyo gukuramo inda, ni ngombwa ko umenya neza ko nyababyeyi yakuwemo burundu. Iyo hari ingingo zifitanye isano no gutwita zisigaye, ushobora kuba uri mu kaga ko kwandura indwara, kuva amaraso menshi, cyangwa izindi ngorane .
Iyo inda yavuyemo 'yuzuye'—bivuze ko ingingo zose z'umwana wavutse mu bwana zisanzwe—nta bundi buvuzi bukenewe. Muganga wawe azabyemeza akoresheje ultrasound .
Ariko, niba ingingo itarashira burundu, cyangwa niba kuva amaraso bitaratangira, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gufata imiti cyangwa kubaga kugira ngo ikureho ingingo.
Ubuvuzi Butari Ubwabagi
Muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gutegereza ko umubiri wawe unyura mu mubiri mu buryo busanzwe, cyane cyane mu gihe "inda yabuze". Ariko, iki gikorwa gishobora gufata iminsi myinshi. Niba gutegereza atari byiza ku buvuzi, cyangwa niba wifuza kwihutisha igikorwa, muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira imiti yo gufasha nyababyeyi kuvamo ubusa. Ubusanzwe aya mahitamo aboneka gusa iyo utwite munsi y'ibyumweru 10.
Nubwo inda yavuyemo itaramenyekana ariko ukagaragaza ibimenyetso, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo kuryama mu buririiminsi mike, cyangwa ukarara mu bitaro kugira ngo urebe. Iyo amaraso ahagaze, muri rusange ushobora gukomeza gukora imirimo isanzwe. Iyo usanze umura wawe ufungutse mbere y'igihe, ibi bishobora kumenyekana nk' 'umura wawe udafite ubushobozi,' kandi uburyo bwo kubaga buzwi nka 'cervical cerclage' bushobora gukorwa kugira ngo bukomeze gufungwa.
Ubuvuzi bwo Kubaga
Iyo urugingo rugumye mu mura cyangwa niba urimo kuva amaraso menshi, muganga wawe ashobora kugukorera D&C (Dilation and Curettage) cyangwa D&E (Dilation and Evacuation) . Niba urengeje ibyumweru 10 utwite, kubagwa akenshi ni byo byiza. Muri ubu buryo, umura w'inkondo y'umura uraguka, hanyuma urugingo rusigaye rugakurwaho binyuze mu gukurura cyangwa gukaraba buhoro buhoro. Ubu buryo bukorerwa mu bitaro munsi y'ikinyabutabire.
Ni ibihe bimenyetso nyuma yo gukuramo inda, kandi ni ryari wagombye gushaka ubufasha?
Nyuma yo gukuramo inda, kugaragara kw'ibisebe no kubabara gato ni ibisanzwe.
Ariko, ugomba guhita uhamagara muganga wawe niba uhuye na kimwe muri ibi bikurikira, kuko bishobora kuba ibimenyetso by'ubwandu:
- Kuva amaraso menshi cyane yiyongera cyangwa adahagarara.
- Umuriro.
- Ubukonje.
- Ububabare bukomeye cyangwa burushaho kwiyongera.
Nyuma yo gukuramo inda, ntukinjize ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose mu gitsina mu gihe cy'ibyumweru bibiri . Ibi birimo kwirinda gukoresha tampons, imibonano mpuzabitsina, cyangwa gukoresha ibikinisho by'imibonano mpuzabitsina. Muganga wawe azaguteganyiriza gahunda yo gukurikirana kugira ngo arebe ko ukize neza kandi agaragaze ko nta ngorane zihari.
Ni ibihe bipimo bikorerwa ku gukuramo inda inshuro nyinshi?
Niba warahuye n'ibibazo bitatu cyangwa birenga byo gutwita bikurikiranye (indwara izwi nka 'recurrent miscarriage'), muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gupima amaraso cyangwa gupima imiterere y'umubiri. Bimwe muri ibyo birimo:
- Ibizamini bya Genetic: Mwembi, wowe n'umukunzi wawe, mushobora gupimwa amaraso, nka Karyotyping , kugira ngo hamenyekane ubusembwa bwa chromosomes. Niba hari ingirangingo zo mu nda, zishobora no gupimwa kugira ngo hamenyekane ubusembwa.
- Gupima Amaraso: Muganga wawe ashobora gutegeka ko upima amaraso kugira ngo arebe niba hari indwara zishingiye ku bushobozi bw'umubiri bwo kwirema umubiri cyangwa imisemburo idahuye neza ishobora gutuma utwite.
Muganga wawe ashobora kandi kukugira inama yo gusuzuma kimwe muri ibi bikurikira kugira ngo usuzume nyababyeyi yawe:
- Hysterosalpingogram: Uburyo bwihariye bwo gukoresha X-ray bukoresha irangi ritandukanye kugira ngo bugaragaze nyababyeyi yawe n'imiyoboro y'inda.
- Hysteroscopy: Uburyo muganga wawe akoresha igikoresho gito cyane, kimeze nka telesikope kugira ngo arebe imbere mu mura wawe.
- Laparoscopy: Uburyo muganga wawe akoresha igikoresho gikozwe mu rumuri kugira ngo asuzume ingingo zawe zo mu kibuno.
Ese ushobora kongera gusama nyuma yo gukuramo inda? Bizagera ryari?
Yego rwose. Abagore benshi (hafi 87%) bakomeza kubyara inda nziza kandi bakabyara umwana nyuma yo gukuramo inda. Kubyara inda ntibivuze ko ufite ikibazo cyo kubyara. Ibuka ko gukuramo inda kenshi biterwa n’imiterere mibi ya chromosomes—atari ukubera ikintu icyo ari cyo cyose wakoze cyangwa utakoze.
Guhitamo igihe cyo kugerageza gutwita indi ni amahitamo ugomba gufata ubanje kugisha inama muganga wawe. Abagore benshi bashobora kongera gutwita nyuma y'ukwezi kumwe "gusanzwe".
Igikuru ni ukwiha umwanya wo gukira, haba ku mubiri no mu byiyumvo.Serivisi z'ubujyanama zirahari kugira ngo zigufashe gukemura iki kibazo. Amatsinda y'ubufasha, aho ushobora kuvugana n'abandi bahuye n'ikibazo nk'icyo, ashobora kuba isoko y'ingenzi kuri wowe no ku mufatanyabikorwa wawe. Baza umuganga wawe ku birebana n'ubujyanama n'amatsinda y'ubufasha. Ikirenze byose, nyamuneka ntukiteho. Ihe umwanya ukeneye wo kurira.
Niba warakuyemo inda inshuro eshatu cyangwa zirenga zikurikiranye, baza muganga wawe ibindi bipimo kugira ngo umenye impamvu zibitera. Ni byiza gukoresha uburyo bwo kuboneza urubyaro kugeza igihe ibisubizo by'ibi bipimo bizabonekera, aho muganga azakwereka igihe gikwiye cyo guhagarika uburyo bwo kuboneza urubyaro no kugerageza kongera gusama.
Ese gukuramo inda ukundi gushobora kwirindwa?
Mu by'ukuri, inda nyinshi zo mu nda ntizishobora kwirindwa. Niba warakuyemo inda, si ukubera ko hari icyo wakoze cyabiteye. Ikintu cyiza wakora ni ukwita ku mibereho myiza yawe. Dore uburyo bumwe na bumwe bwo kwiyitaho:
- Jya mu nama zawe zose zo kwita ku babyeyi batwite mu buryo bwuzuye.
- Komeza kugira ibiro bizima kandi bikubereye.
- Irinde ibintu bizwi bishobora gutera ingaruka mbi, nko kunywa inzoga no kunywa itabi.
- Fata vitamine wasabwe gukoresha mbere yo kubyara.
- Kora imyitozo ngororamubiri isanzwe kandi iringaniye kandi ugire indyo yuzuye kandi ijyanye n'ubuzima bwiza.
Ni gute wakwihanganira agahinda ko gukuramo inda? ( Amaherezo, zirikana izi ngingo )
Gutakaza inda ni ikintu kibabaza cyane kandi kigoye mu byiyumvo, gishobora gutera ibyiyumvo bitandukanye bigoye. Gukira mu byiyumvo akenshi bifata igihe kirekire kandi biragoye kurusha gukira ku mubiri. Ihe uburenganzira bwo kubabara uwabuze. Sangiza umukunzi wawe, inshuti, cyangwa umuryango wawe uko wiyumva. Ushobora kandi kubona ihumure mu itsinda rishinzwe gufasha ababuze ababuze ababyaye kuri interineti. Ifatanye n'abajyanama bakomeye, cyangwa ushake ubufasha bw'umujyanama w'inzobere kugira ngo agufashe guhangana n'iki gihe kigoye.
Gukuramo inda ni igihe gikomeye ku babyeyi bategereje, kandi agahinda kawe ni ko gafite ishingiro. Ibuka ko gukuramo inda bidashoboka kwirindwa, kandi si ikosa ryawe. Ntibivuze ko udashobora kubyara mu gihe kizaza, cyangwa ngo bivuge ko ukundi gukuramo inda ari ikintu kidashobora kwirindwa. Ni ibisanzwe kumva ubabaye. Shaka abakunzi bawe, amatsinda y'abaterankunga, cyangwa umujyanama wemewe kugira ngo akufashe. Iyo witeguye gutegura gutwita kwawe gutaha, teganya gahunda yo guhura na muganga wawe kugira ngo muganire ku ntambwe ugiye gutera, igihe, n'ibibazo ushobora kuba ufite.
Nirogi Lanka | Gukuramo inda, Gutwita, Ubuzima bw'abagore, Ibimenyetso, Impamvu, Uburyo bwo kuvura, Gutakaza inda
