Uburyo bushya bwo kumenya kanseri y'ibere hakiri kare! Igishushanyo mbonera cy'amabere ya molekile (MBI) ni iki?

Ushobora kuba warumvise byinshi kuri kanseri y'ibere n'akamaro ko kuyisuzuma hakiri kare. Iki ni ikintu twese tugomba kumenya. Uyu munsi rero ndakubwira ikizamini gishya kandi gishobora kuba ingirakamaro cyane gikoreshwa mu gupima kanseri y'ibere. Iki ni cyo twita `(Molecular Breast Imaging)` cyangwa `(MBI)` mu magambo ahinnye. Reka turebe icyo ari cyo, si byo se?

Mu magambo make, MBI ni iki?

Yego, `(Ishusho y'amabere ya Molecular)` cyangwa `(MBI)`, mu by'ukuri, ni uburyo bwihariye bwo gupima bukoreshwa muri `(Ubuvuzi bwa Nuclear).` Bukoreshwa mu kumenya niba hari kanseri mu mabere. Ushobora gutekereza ko ubuvuzi bwa nuclear ari ikibazo gikomeye. Ntugahangayike, ndabisobanura mu buryo bworoshye.

Muri iki kizamini, hakoreshwa ingano nto cyane y’ibintu bifite imirasire. Tubyita `(Tracer)`. Umwihariko w’iyi `(Tracer)` ni uko ijya ku tunyangingo dukura vuba mu mubiri kandi ikanafatana na two. Noneho uzi ko uturemangingo twa kanseri ari ubwoko bw’utunyangingo twigabanyamo kabiri kandi tugakura vuba cyane. Iyi `(Tracer)` rero isanga ahantu uturemangingo twa kanseri turi, kandi iyo urebye aho hantu ukoresheje kamera yihariye, "biratanga urumuri", cyangwa bikagaragara neza. Ni nko gucana itara rito mu cyumba cyijimye.

Ni ryari ukeneye ikizamini cya MBI?

Si buri wese uzakenera gukora iki kizamini cya ``(MBI)```. Ariko, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gukora iki kizamini mu bihe bimwe na bimwe byihariye. Reka turebe igihe ibi ari byo:

• Niba usanzwe uvurwa kanseri y'ibere: Iki kizamini gishobora gufasha muganga wawe kureba niba ubuvuzi bwawe bukora neza kandi niba uturemangingo twa kanseri twaragabanutse. Ubu ni uburyo bwiza bwo kumenya uburyo ubuvuzi bwawe bukora neza.
• Niba ibere ryawe rifite ubucucike bwinshi: Hari abagore bafite ibere rifite ubucucike bwinshi n'ingirabuzimafatizo, ariko rifite ibinure bike. Ibi byitwa ibere rifite ubucucike bwinshi. Iyo ufite amabere nk'aya, rimwe na rimwe biragoye kubona kanseri ukoresheje mammogram isanzwe. Ibi biterwa nuko ingirabuzimafatizo zifite ubucucike bwinshi n'ingirabuzimafatizo za kanseri zisa n'umweru kuri mammogram. Bishobora kugorana kuzitandukanya. Muri bene ibyo bihe, MBI ishobora gufasha kwerekana ingirabuzimafatizo za kanseri gusa.
• Niba ubonye igisubizo kidasanzwe kuri mammogram cyangwa ultrasound yo mu ibere: Niba hari ikintu giteye amakenga kuri mammogram cyangwa ultrasound yawe, muganga wawe ashobora gutegeka mammogram (MBI) kugira ngo amenye neza uturemangingo tw'ibere, bivuze ko uturemangingo tureba mu buryo burambuye.
• Niba waramaze gupimwa kanseri y'ibere: Iki kizamini gifasha kumenya aho kanseri iherereye gusa, ndetse no kumenya niba uturemangingo twa kanseri twarakwirakwiriye mu bindi bice by'ibere.

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya MBI na 3D mammogram?

Ikibazo abantu benshi bafite ni iki: itandukaniro riri hagati y'iyi ""(MBI)"" na "mammogram" twese tuzi, cyane cyane """""" ya 3D"". Hari itandukaniro rigaragara hagati y'ibyo byombi.

• Amashusho:
• Mammogram: Nkuko nabivuze mbere, uturemangingo twa kanseri n'uturemangingo tw'ibere twinshi bigaragara nk'utudomo tw'umweru kuri mammogram. Rero niba uturemangingo tw'ibere ryawe "tuzuye", hari kanseri zimwe na zimwe zishobora kubura.
• MBI: Muri MBI, ubwoko bwinshi bw'uturemangingo twa kanseri "burabagirana," bivuze ko tugaragara nk'aho turi urumuri. Izindi turemangingo zisanzwe, ndetse n'uturemangingo tw'ibere twinshi, zisa n'izijimye. Ibi bituma kanseri imenyekana neza.

• Ikoranabuhanga:
• Mammogram ya 3D: Iyi ikoresha urukurikirane rwa X-rays kugira ngo ifate amafoto y'ingingo z'ibere ryawe.
• MBI: Muri MBI, dukoresha tracer ya radiation navuze mbere, na kamera yihariye ya gamma kugira ngo dufate ibimenyetso. Ibi bigaragaza gusa uturemangingo dukura vuba.

• Ni nde uyikeneye:
• Gupima kanseri y'ibere: Muri rusange, nyuma y'imyaka 40, abagore benshi basabwa kwipimisha kanseri y'ibere mu buryo bwa mammogram.
• MBI: Si buri mugore ukeneye MBI. Abaganga bakoresha MBI hamwe na mammogram kugira ngo babone amakuru arambuye, atari aho gukoresha mammogram. Ibyo bivuze ko MBI atari ugusimbura mammogram, ahubwo ari inyongeramusaruro.

MBI ikora ite? Biroroshye cyane!

Ikizamini cya MBI kigaragaza impinduka mu tunyangingo tw’ibere ryawe. Izi mpinduka zishobora kuba zigaragaza kanseri. Nkuko nabivuze mbere, uturemangingo twa kanseri dukura vuba cyane, kandi twinjiza cyane uturemangingo tw’imirasire kurusha uturemangingo dusanzwe.

Rero, nyuma yo guterwa `(Tracer)`, ibere ryawe risuzumwa hakoreshejwe iyo `(Gamma Camera) yihariye. Hanyuma, ahantu `(Tracer)` hari hejuru, bivuze ko ahantu hashobora kuba hari uturemangingo twa kanseri, hagaragara neza kuri kamera. Ibi bituma uturemangingo dukekwaho ibintu bigaragara cyane.

Witegura ute MBI? Hari ibintu bike.

Uzakenera kwitegura gato mbere y'iki kizamini. Ntabwo ari ikibazo gikomeye.

• Kenshi na kenshi, ugomba kwirinda kurya nibura amasaha atatu mbere yo kwipimisha. Ugomba kandi kwirinda kunywa ibinyobwa bisukuye nk'amata. Ariko, ni byiza kugumana amazi meza unywa cyangwa ibinyobwa bya siporo bisukuye.
• Ushobora kuba wibaza impamvu bavuga ko utagomba kurya. Iyo utariye, `(Tracer)` iba nziza cyane mu mubiri w'ibere ryawe. Ibi byongera ubunyangamugayo bw'ikizamini.
• Ariko,Niba ufite indi ndwara, nka diyabete, ugomba kubaza muganga wawe uko wakwitegura. Azakubwira ikikubereye.
• Niba ufite imihango isanzwe, gerageza gupima MBI yawe hagati y'iminsi 7 na 14 y'imihango yawe. Ubara umunsi wa mbere w'imihango yawe ya nyuma nk'umunsi wa 1. Iki ni cyo gihe cyiza cyo gupima MBI. Ariko, muganga wawe ashobora kuyipima umunsi uwo ari wo wose w'imihango yawe bibaye ngombwa.

Ni gute wakora ikizamini cya MBI? Reka turebe intambwe ku yindi.

Iyo ukoze ikizamini cya MBI, ibi nibyo bikunze kubaho:

1. Ubwa mbere, uzajyanwa mu cyumba cyihariye. Aho ngaho, uzasabwa gukuramo imyenda yose n'imitako iri hejuru y'urukenyerero hanyuma ukambara ikanzu yo kwa muganga.

2. Hanyuma uzajyanwa mu cyumba kirimo "Gamma Camera". Aho niho uzasabwa kwicara ku ntebe iri imbere y'igikoresho cyo gupimisha.

3. Hanyuma, umukozi w’abaganga azashyira umurongo muto wa ``(IV)`` mu mutsi uri mu kuboko kwawe hanyuma awushyiremo ``(Tracer)`` ukoresheje imirasire. Ibi bizamera nk'aho ari uruhu ruto rw'inyenzi, ariko ntibizabababaza cyane.

4. Uzakenera gutegereza iminota itatu kugeza kuri itanu kugira ngo `(Tracer)` igere ku ngingo z'ibere ryawe.

5. Hanyuma gupima bitangira. Ibi bishobora gufata iminota 20 kugeza kuri 40. Mu gihe cyo gupima, igikoresho kizakanda ku ibere ryawe buhoro buhoro. Ariko ibi ntibizababaza. Nta gukanda cyane bizaba hano nko muri mammogram. Ntugahangayike rero.

Ni iki kizabaho nyuma ya MBI?

Nyuma yo gusuzuma MBI, umurongo wa IV uri mu kuboko kwawe uzakurwaho. Hanyuma ushobora kongera kwambara imyenda yawe. Itsinda ry'abaganga rizakugira inama y'icyo wakora nyuma. Ushobora kongera kubonana na muganga wawe kugira ngo agukurikirane, cyangwa ushobora koherezwa ku wundi muganga w'inzobere.

Ese hari ingaruka mbi zishobora guterwa na MBI? Reka turebe ibintu bike.

Mu gihe cyo gupima MBI, uhura n'imirasire mike bitewe n'agace k'imirasire. Gukomeza guhura n'imirasire bishobora kongera ibyago byo kurwara kanseri.

Ariko, ingaruka z'imirasire mu gihe cyo kuvura indwara ya MBI ni nke cyane kandi zifatwa nk'izitezwe. Mu by'ukuri, ni kimwe n'ingaruka z'imirasire mu gihe cyo gupimwa mammogram. Kenshi na kenshi, inyungu zo kumenya kanseri y'ibere hakiri kare ziruta cyane ingaruka z'iyi ndwara ntoya.

Abantu bake cyane bashobora kugira ubwivumbure kuri iyo tracer. Ibi bibaye, bashobora kugaragaza ibimenyetso nk'ibi:

• Indwara z'uruhu nko kubyimba, gushyukwa, cyangwa eczema.
• Isesemi cyangwa kuruka.
• Kugorwa no guhumeka cyangwa kudahuza kw'imitsi y'umutima (ibi ni gake cyane, bibaho ku bantu bake, hafi 0.01% - 0.04%).

Niba ikintu nk'iki kibaye, ugomba guhita ubimenyesha abakozi b'abaganga.

Ni izihe ngaruka za MBI?

Umuganga w’indwara z’imirasire azasuzuma witonze amashusho yawe ya MRI kugira ngo arebe niba hari uturemangingo twa kanseri. Niba hari uturemangingo ku mashusho "twaka umuriro," muganga wawe ashobora gufata urugero ruto rw'uturemangingo (biopsy) muri utwo duce akadusuzuma. Iyi biopsy izemeza niba uturemangingo ari uturemangingo twa kanseri koko. Ibisubizo bya biopsy bizanafasha mu kumenya uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura.

Iyo nta kibazo kiri kuri MBI scan yawe, akenshi bifatwa nk'ibisubizo "bisanzwe". Hanyuma ushobora kuvugana na muganga wawe ku byerekeye gahunda yawe yo gupima kanseri y'ibere, nk'igihe ugomba kwisuzumisha mammogram itaha.

MBI ni nziza gute?

Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko MBI ishobora gupima hafi 90% bya kanseri y'ibere ku barwayi bakekwaho kanseri y'ibere. Ishobora gupima 82% bya kanseri nto cyane, zifite umurambararo uri munsi ya milimetero 10. Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko ibi bisubizo ari ukuri nk'uko MRI y'ibere ibigenza. Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje kandi ko MBI ishobora gupima kanseri y'ibere inshuro ebyiri cyangwa eshatu kurusha mammogram yonyine.

Bifata igihe kingana iki kugira ngo ubone ibisubizo?

Ushobora kubaza muganga wawe igihe bizatwara kugira ngo ubone ibisubizo, n'uko bazabikumenyesha. Kenshi na kenshi, uzabona ibisubizo mu cyumweru kimwe nyuma y'ikizamini.

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka

Muri rusange, kubona mammogram buri gihe ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo kumenya kanseri y'ibere hakiri kare. Ariko, rimwe na rimwe, iyo mammogram yonyine idahagije, ikizamini cyitwa Molecular Breast Imaging (MBI) gishobora kuba ingirakamaro cyane mu kubona andi makuru.

Wibuke ko hari ibindi bipimo by’ibere, nka ultrasound y’ibere na MRI y’ibere, bishobora gutanga amakuru arambuye ku bintu bitameze neza mu ibere. Buri kizamini gifite ibyiza n’ibibi byacyo. Kubwibyo, ganira kuri ibi byose na muganga wawe. Muri kumwe, mushobora guhitamo uburyo bwo gupima bukubereye, kandi mugakumira kanseri y’ibere, cyangwa niba itangiye, muyimenye hakiri kare kandi muyivure neza. Kuyimenya hakiri kare ni cyo kintu cyingenzi cyane! Ntutinye, kandi niba ufite gushidikanya, shaka inama kwa muganga.

Kanseri y'ibere , MBI, isuzuma ry'ibere rya molekile, mammogram, gupima kanseri, ubuzima bw'abagore, ubuvuzi bwa kirimbuzi