Reka twige ku mitsi yawe ya parathyroid. Akazi gakomeye izi ntwari nto zikora!

Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku tunyangingo duto cyane, ariko dufite akamaro kanini mu mubiri wacu. Ushobora kuba utarigeze wumva byinshi kuri two. Utwo tunyangingo twitwa parathyroid glands. Nubwo tungana n'amashaza, utwo tunyangingo ni nk'intwari zigenzura urugero rwa kalisiyumu mu mubiri wacu. Reka turebe ibyo ari byo, icyo dukora, n'ibibazo dushobora gutera.

Izi gland za parathyroid ni izihe?

Muri make, uturemangingo twa parathyroid ni uturemangingo tune duto, dufite ubunini bw'udukoko, twinjijwe inyuma y'agace ka tiroyide mu ijosi. Utwo turemangingo dukora kandi tugasohora imisemburo y'ingenzi yitwa parathyroid hormone (PTH) . Iyi misemburo ifasha mu kugenzura urugero rwa kalisiyumu mu maraso yawe. Ese ibyo si ingenzi?

Dufite ingirabuzimafatizo zingahe za parathyroid?

Abantu benshi bafite enye muri izi gland za parathyroid. Ariko ubushakashatsi bumwe na bumwe bwagaragaje ko hari abantu bashobora kugira nke cyangwa zirenze enye. Ntabwo ari ikibazo gikomeye, uko umubare waba umeze kose, igihe cyose bikora neza.

Ni iki mu by'ukuri kiba kuri izi ngirabuzimafatizo za parathyroid?

Uturemangingo twawe twa parathyroid dufite akazi kamwe k'ingenzi: gukora imisemburo ya parathyroid (PTH) no kuyirekura mu maraso yawe. Iyi misemburo, hamwe n'indi misemburo yitwa calcitonin (ikorwa na tiroyide), ikora mu kugenzura neza ingano ya kalisiyumu mu maraso yawe. Tekereza nawe, kalisiyumu nyinshi mu maraso yawe ishobora guteza ibibazo, kandi nkeya cyane ishobora gutera ibibazo. Bityo rero iyi sisitemu igomba gukora neza.

Kuki kalisiyumu ari ingenzi cyane ku mibiri yacu?

Kalisiyumu ni imyunyu ngugu y'ingenzi cyane kandi isanzwe mu mubiri wacu. 99% bya kalisiyumu yose mu mubiri wawe ibikwa mu magufwa no mu menyo yawe . Indi 1% itembera mu maraso. Nubwo iyi ari ingano nto, iyi kalisiyumu mu maraso ni ingenzi cyane. Uzi impamvu?

• Imitsi yawe igomba gukora neza . Tekereza, iyo ushaka gukora ku kintu runaka, ubwo butumwa bunyura mu mitsi. Ibyo bisaba kalisiyumu.
• Fasha imitsi yawe gufunga no kugufasha kwimuka . Iyo uteruye ukuboko cyangwa kugenda, imitsi irakora. Kalisiyumu nayo ni ingenzi kuri ibyo.
• Iyo ufite igikomere kandi urimo kuva amaraso, fasha amaraso kuzura . Bitabaye ibyo, ndetse n'igikomere gito gishobora kuba ikibazo gikomeye.
• Umutima wawe ukeneye kalisiyumu kugira ngo ukore neza . Imitsi y'umutima nayo ikeneye kalisiyumu kugira ngo itere neza.

Reba uburyo aka kalisiyumu gato gashobora gukora! Nanone, Vitamine D ni ingenzi cyane mu kubungabunga urugero rwa kalisiyumu mu maraso. Kuko umubiri wacu ukeneye vitamine D kugira ngo inyure kalisiyumu mu biribwa. Tubona vitamine D mu zuba, kandi iboneka no mu biribwa bimwe na bimwe.

Izi gland za parathyroid ziherereye he?

Ku bantu benshi (hafi 80%), izi ngirabuzimafatizo enye za parathyroid ziba mu ishusho y'ikinyugunyugu mu ijosi ryawe, zihishe inyuma yacyo. Ubusanzwe, hari ngirabuzimafatizo ebyiri ku mpande zombi z' "amababa" abiri y'ingirabuzimafatizo.

Ariko, hari igihe imiyoboro ya parathyroid ishobora kuba iri mu ijosi ryawe, ku muhogo, cyangwa mu gituza cyawe (mu buryo bw'umwihariko , muri mediastinum, igice cyo hagati cy'igituza). Abaganga bayita iyi miyoboro ya parathyroid 'ectopic' , bivuze "ahantu hadasanzwe." Abantu bagera kuri 16% bashobora kuba bafite iyi miyoboro ya 'ectopic'.

Kugira imisemburo ya parathyroid yitwa 'ectopic' ubusanzwe ntabwo ari ikintu gikwiye guhangayikishwa nacyo. Ariko, niba imwe cyangwa nyinshi muri zo zikora PTH nyinshi, bishobora kugorana kwa muganga kuzibona mu gihe bibaye ngombwa ko zikurwamo mu buryo bwo kubaga.

Ese imiterere y'uturemangingo twa parathyroid isa ite?

Uturemangingo twa parathyroid ni duto cyane - buri kimwe gifite ingano n'imiterere y'ishaza . Ariko kuri bamwe, utwo turemangingo dushobora gukora cyane no kwaguka.

Ni izihe ndwara zigira ingaruka ku ngirabuzimafatizo za parathyroid?

Hari indwara ebyiri z'ingenzi zifitanye isano n'udukoko twa parathyroid: hyperparathyroidism na hypoparathyroidism . Reka tuvuge kuri buri imwe.

Hyperparathyroidism ni iki?

Ibi bibaho iyo imwe cyangwa nyinshi mu ngirabuzimafatizo zawe za parathyroid zikoze cyane kandi zigasohora imisemburo myinshi ya parathyroid (PTH). Ibi bituma urugero rwa kalisiyumu mu maraso yawe ruzamuka hejuru y’urugero rusanzwe. Ibi twita hypercalcemia .

Hari uburyo uturemangingo twa parathyroid dushobora gukora imisemburo myinshi mu buryo busanzwe:

• Mu rwego rwo gusubiza indwara zimwe na zimwe.
• Niba udafite Vitamine D ihagije.
• Niba ufite ibibazo by'imikorere y'impyiko, kugira ngo bigufashe kugumana urugero rusanzwe rwa kalisiyumu mu maraso.

Abaganga bita iyi ndwara hyperparathyroidism ya kabiri . Iyo iki gikorwa kimaze igihe kirekire, gishobora gutera izindi ngorane z'ubuzima, nko kunanirwa kw'amagufwa.

Ku rundi ruhande, hari igihe habaho ikibazo ku ngirabuzimafatizo za parathyroid ubwazo (ikintu kigira ingaruka ku ngirabuzimafatizo ubwazo) gishobora gutuma zikora cyane, bikazamura urugero rwa kalisiyumu mu maraso yawe. Ibi nibyo abaganga bita primary hyperparathyroidism .

Abantu benshi bafite hyperparathyroidism y’ibanze ntibagira ibimenyetso kuko hypercalcemia ikunze kugaragara hakiri kare, urugero nk’igihe hakozwe isuzuma ry’amaraso ku yindi mpamvu.

Ariko, mu bihe bikomeye cyane cyangwa igihe kirekire bya hypercalcemia, ibimenyetso nka:

• Kwihagarika inkari kenshi.
• Inyota ikabije (polydipsia).
• Umunaniro .
• Kubabara amagufwa.
• Kuribwa umutwe.
• Isesemi no kuruka.
• Kwihagarika impatwe.
• Kugabanuka k'ubushake bwo kurya.
• Kwibagirwa, kwiheba, cyangwa kurakara .
• Kubabara imitsi, intege nke, kuribwa mu nda cyangwa/cyangwa kunyeganyega.

Adenoma ya parathyroid ni iki?

Adenoma ya parathyroid ni ikwirakwira ry’umubiri ritari kanseri , nk’ikibyimba gito, gikura kuri imwe cyangwa nyinshi mu ngirabuzimafatizo za parathyroid. Iyi ni yo mpamvu ikunze gutera hyperparathyroidism y’ibanze. Ntugahangayike, si kanseri. Ubusanzwe, ikibazo gikemurwa no gukuraho ikibyimba hakoreshejwe kubagwa.

Reka kandi twige ku bijyanye na kanseri ya parathyroid.

Kanseri ya parathyroid ishobora kandi gutera hyperparathyroidism y’ibanze. Ariko, ibi ni gake cyane . Kanseri ya parathyroid ifata 0.005% gusa bya kanseri zose. Nanone, izi kanseri zifata hagati ya 0.5% na 1% by’indwara zose zifitanye isano n’udukoko twa parathyroid.

Hypoparathyroidism ni iki?

Iyi ni indwara idasanzwe cyane. Icyaba ari uko urugero rw'umusemburo wa parathyroid mu maraso yawe (PTH) rugabanuka. Ibi bituma urugero rwa kalisiyumu mu maraso yawe rugabanuka - tubyita hypocalcemia - kandi urugero rwa fosifore mu maraso yawe rwiyongera - tubyita hyperphosphatemia .

Hafi 75% by'abantu barwaye hypoparathyroidism baterwa no kwangirika ku bw'impanuka kw'uturemangingo twa parathyroid mu gihe cyo kubagwa ijosi cyangwa kubagwa tiroyide . Byongeye kandi, bishobora guterwa n'indwara zimwe na zimwe zishingiye ku ngirabuzimafatizo n'izishingiye ku bushobozi bw'umubiri bwo kwirema.

Keretse iyo impamvu ari ukubagwa, hypoparathyroidism ikunze kwiyongera buhoro buhoro, bityo ibimenyetso bishobora kuba byoroheje. Ibimenyetso bishobora kuba birimo:

• Kuryamirana mu minwa, ku ntoki no ku mano .
• Kubabara imitsi.
• Kubabara kw'imitsi.
• Ububabare bwo mu nda.
• "Ubwonko bw'igihu" cyangwa urujijo.
• Imikorere y'umutima idasanzwe / arrhythmia.
• Inzara zigoye.
• Umusatsi wumye n'uruhu rwumye kandi rufite ibibyimba.
• Indwara zo mu kanwa.
• Enamel y'amenyo idafite imbaraga (ku bana).

Ni iki nakora kugira ngo imiterere yanjye ya parathyroid ikomeze kuba myiza?

Kubera ko imisemburo ya parathyroid irinzwe neza inyuma y’imisemburo ya tiroyide, ntabwo yoroshye kwangirika. Nta kintu na kimwe ukeneye gukora kidasanzwe kugira ngo iyi misemburo ikomeze kuba myiza. Ariko hari ibintu bike ushobora gukora kugira ngo ufashe imisemburo ya parathyroid kugumisha urugero rwa kalisiyumu mu maraso yawe mu buryo bwiza:

• Menya neza ko ubona vitamine D ihagije: Vitamine D ni ingenzi mu gutuma urugero rwa kalisiyumu mu maraso rugumana ubuziranenge. Baza muganga wawe niba ukeneye gufata inyunganizi ya vitamine D. Ibi akenshi biboneka iyo umaze umwanya uri ku zuba ku manywa.
• Menya neza ko ubona kalisiyumu ihagije mu mirire yawe: Kubura kalisiyumu mu mubiri wawe bishobora gutera ibibazo bya kalisiyumu mu maraso. Isoko nziza ya kalisiyumu irimo amata, yawurute, foromaje, imboga mbisi, n'amafi mato (aribwa n'amagufwa). Niba utazi neza niba ubona kalisiyumu ihagije mu mirire yawe ya buri munsi, vugana na muganga wawe cyangwa inzobere mu mirire.

Wibuke ko izi ari inama zimwe na zimwe. Niba ufite ibimenyetso, ugomba gushaka inama kwa muganga. Ntukivure.

Amaherezo, ibintu byo kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Uturemangingo twa parathyroid ni duto, ariko dufite imbaraga, kandi ni ingenzi cyane kugira ngo urugero rwa kalisiyumu mu maraso yawe rugume ruhamye. Abantu benshi ntibanabitekerezaho - cyangwa ngo babyumve - kugeza igihe hagize ikitagenda neza. Niba ufite ibimenyetso by'urugero rwinshi rwa kalisiyumu mu maraso (hypercalcemia) cyangwa urugero ruto rwa kalisiyumu mu maraso (hypocalcemia), bwira muganga wawe ako kanya . Bashobora gukora ibizamini byoroshye by'amaraso kugira ngo bamenye icyabiteye kandi baguhe uburyo bwo kuvura bukenewe.

Kumenya utu tunyangingo duto ni ingenzi cyane ku buzima bwawe muri rusange. Kuko umurimo dukora bucece ni munini cyane! Komeza ube muzima!

Udukoko twa Parathyroid, kalisiyumu, imisemburo ya parathyroid, hyperparathyroidism, hypoparathyroidism, vitamine D, imisemburo