Urashaka kumenya byose kuri COVID-19 mu buryo bworoshye? Reka tubiganireho!

COVID-19 yagize ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bwacu bwose muri iyi minsi, si byo se? Ushobora kuba ufite ibibazo byinshi n'amatsiko menshi kuri iyi virusi, uburyo bwo kuyirinda, no ku nkingo. Ntugahangayike! Muri iyi nkuru, tuzagerageza kuyivugaho mu buryo bworoshye kandi bw'ubucuti, nk'aho inshuti cyangwa umuntu wo mu muryango ari we ugusobanurira ibi bintu.

COVID-19 ni iki mu by'ukuri? Reka twige ibintu by'ibanze

Mu magambo make, COVID-19 ni indwara iterwa na virusi yitwa SARS-CoV-2 , yibasira cyane cyane imyanya y'ubuhumekero. Ni virusi nshya, bityo twese twabanje kugira ubwoba, kandi ni byo koko. Iyi virusi ni nto cyane, ntidushobora kuyibona n'amaso yacu, ariko ishobora gukwirakwira vuba cyane iva ku muntu ijya ku wundi. Tekereza, ikwirakwira nk'igitero cyihishe.

None se, ibi bikwirakwira gute?

• Ikwirakwizwa ahanini binyuze mu dutonyanga duto (`udutonyanga`) dusohoka mu kanwa no mu mazuru iyo umuntu akorora, yitsamuye, cyangwa avuze . Utwo dutonyanga dushobora kugwa mu mazuru, mu kanwa no mu maso y'umuntu uri hafi aho.
• Iyi virusi ishobora no kwinjira mu mubiri iyo ukoze ku kintu (nk'ameza cyangwa ku rugi) kirimo iyo virusi hanyuma ugakora ku maso, ku mazuru, cyangwa ku munwa n'ukuboko kumwe.
• Byagaragaye ko rimwe na rimwe, cyane cyane ahantu hahurira abantu benshi, hadafite umwuka mwiza, kandi hafungiye, bishobora no gukwirakwira mu kirere (mu kirere) ku rugero runaka.

Ibimenyetso ni ibihe? Ese ni bimwe kuri buri wese?

Ibi bishobora gutandukana cyane bitewe n'umuntu ku wundi. Hari abantu bashobora kwandura COVID-19 nta bimenyetso na bimwe kandi bakaba bashobora kuyikwirakwiza mu bandi batabizi. Iyo ni imwe mu ngaruka mbi z'ibi. Ariko ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara ni ibi bikurikira:

• Kumva ufite umuriro cyangwa ibicurane
• Inkorora (akenshi inkorora ibabaza kandi yumye)
• Umunaniro, umunaniro, ubunebwe
• Kubabara umubiri, kubabara imitsi
• Kubabara mu muhogo, guhindura ijwi
• Hari abantu batakaza uburyohe bwabo bwo guhumurirwa no kuryoherwa (iki ni ikimenyetso gisanzwe ku bantu benshi)
• Umutwe
• Kubabara mu gituza haba hari cyangwa hatarimo amatembabuzi
• Guhumeka nabi, guhumeka nabi (iki ni ikimenyetso kibi, ugomba kwitonda cyane )

Ibi bigira ingaruka zite ku bana bato?

Abana bacu bato nabo bashobora kwandura COVID-19. Ariko inkuru nziza ni uko abenshi muri bo bakunze kugira ibimenyetso byoroheje kandi badakomeye cyane nk'abantu bakuru. Ariko, ni ngombwa kuba maso kuko hari n'abana bashobora kurwara. Tugomba kwitondera cyane abana bari hagati y'amezi 6 n'imyaka 5. Bashobora kugira ibimenyetso nk'umuriro, inkorora, izuru riva, kubabara mu nda, kuruka no gucibwamo.

Ni izihe 'variants' zivugwa hose?

Ugomba kuba warumvise ubwoko bwa Delta na Omicron. Virusi ntizibaho ahantu hamwe gusa, zihindura imiterere yazo n'imiterere yazo uko igihe kigenda gihita. Nk'uko duhindura imyenda, ariko ibi bibaho mu miterere yazo. Izi ni virusi zahindutse mu buryo bushya, zitwa "Izindi". Zimwe muri "Izindi" zishobora gukwirakwira vuba kurusha izindi, cyangwa zishobora gusubiza bike ku nkingo dutanga. Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa gukomeza gukurikiza inama z'ubuzima no kurangiza inkingo.

Ni gute twakwirinda COVID-19? Uburyo bwo kwirinda

Hari imvugo ivuga ngo "Kwirinda biruta kwivuza." Ni ukuvuga ko ari byiza kwiyitaho mbere yo kurwara kuruta kubabara. Rero, hari ibintu byoroshye ariko bifite akamaro cyane dushobora gukora kugira ngo twirinde COVID-19.

• Karaba intoki zawe kenshi: Iki ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi kurusha ibindi. Siga isabune, sukura neza, hanyuma usige ku ntoki zawe zose (hagati y'intoki zawe, munsi y'inzara zawe, kugeza ku maboko yawe) byibuze amasegonda 20. Niba isabune n'amazi bitaboneka ku buryo bworoshye, koresha umuti wica udukoko urimo nibura 60% by'alcool.
• Kwambara udupfukamunwa: Menya neza ko wambaye agapfukamunwa, cyane cyane iyo ugiye ahantu hahurira abantu benshi (amasoko, bisi, gari ya moshi) ndetse no mu gihe uri ahantu hafunze. Ibi bizakurinda wowe n'abandi bantu bagukikije. Ndetse n'abana bato (ubusanzwe barengeje imyaka 2) bashobora kwambara udupfukamunwa tubakwiriye kandi byoroshye guhumeka. Ariko, ni byiza kubaza muganga wawe w'umuryango inama kuri ibi.
• Komeza kwitandukanya n'abandi: Gira intera ishoboka hagati yawe n'abandi bantu. Gerageza gukomeza kuba kure yabo nibura metero imwe (hafi metero 3).
• Irinde ahantu hahurira abantu benshi n'ahantu hadafite umwuka mwiza: Guma mu rugo uko bishoboka kose. Sohoka gusa ku bintu by'ingenzi. Nubikora, subira ku kazi vuba.
• Guma uhumeka neza: Guma ufunguye amadirishya mu ngo, mu biro no mu maduka kugira ngo umwuka ugere neza.

Ni gute warinda umwana muto?

Ni inshingano zacu zikomeye kurinda impinja n'impinja iyi virusi.

• Gabanya umubare w'abantu baza kureba umwana uko bishoboka kose. Niba babikoze, saba gusa abantu bazima kuza.
• Buri wese agomba gukaraba intoki neza mbere yo gukora ku mwana, cyangwa agakoresha umuti wica udukoko.
• Niba ufite ibicurane cyangwa umuriro, menya neza ko wambaye agapfukamunwa mu gihe wegera umwana wawe cyangwa wonsa.
• Buri gihe komeza gusukura aho umwana atuye n'ibikinisho bye.

Ibintu byihariye ugomba kumenya kuri COVID-19 mu gihe utwite

Abagore batwite rimwe na rimwe bashobora kugira ibibazo byinshi kurusha umuntu usanzwe iyo banduye COVID-19. Rero ni byiza kwitonda cyane mu gihe batwite.

• Kurikiza amabwiriza yose y’umutekano yavuzwe haruguru.
• Vugana na muganga wawe kandi utekereze rwose ku kubona urukingo rwa COVID-19 . Umuryango Mpuzamahanga wita ku Buzima ubu uvuga ko uru rukingo ari rwiza kandi ko ari rwiza ku babyeyi batwite n'abonsa.
• Niba ugaragaje ibimenyetso (umuriro, inkorora, umunaniro), shaka ubufasha bwa muganga vuba vuba.

Ese nshobora konsa umwana wanjye niba mfite COVID-19?

Iki ni ikibazo gikomeye kandi giteye ubwoba ku babyeyi benshi bashya. Inkuru nziza ni uko, yego, birashoboka. Dukurikije amakuru ya siyansi ariho ubu, nta gihamya igaragaza ko virusi ya COVID-19 ishobora kwanduzwa umwana binyuze mu mashereka. Amashereka ni imwe mu ntungamubiri z'agaciro ku mwana, ndetse n'isoko y'ubudahangarwa bwo kumurinda indwara.

Ariko, niba ufite COVID-19, menya neza ko ufata ingamba zikurikira mu gihe wonsa umwana wawe:

• Karaba intoki zawe neza n'isabune mbere yo kugaburira umwana wawe cyangwa kumukoraho.
• Ambara agapfukamunwa gakwiranye neza igihe cyose wonsa.
• Iyo ukorora cyangwa witsamuye, hindukira kure y'umwana hanyuma upfuke umunwa wawe n'agatambaro.

Bite ho naramuka mfashwe na COVID-19? Ubuvuzi n'ibyo ugomba kumenya

Uko twakwitonda kose, hari igihe ibimenyetso bya COVID-19 bishobora kugaragara. Iyo ibyo bibaye, ni ngombwa gukora ibintu mu buryo bw'ubwenge kandi nta bwoba.

Ni gute wipimisha (Gupima COVID-19)? Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'indwara?

Niba ufite ibimenyetso, cyangwa warahuye cyane n'umuntu urwaye COVID-19 (urugero, twabanaga mu rugo rumwe, twagendanaga), ni ngombwa cyane kwipimisha. Ibi bizagufasha kumenya neza niba ufite iyi ndwara kandi bigufashe guhagarika kuyikwirakwiza mu bandi.

Hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ingenzi bw'ibizamini:

1. Isuzuma rya virusi: Iki nicyo kizakwereka neza niba virusi ikora mu mubiri wawe cyangwa idakora . Hari ubwoko bubiri bw'iyi virusi:

• Ikizamini cya PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction): Iki ni cyo kizamini cy’ukuri cyane. Akenshi gikorwa hakoreshejwe isupu iva mu mazuru cyangwa mu muhogo. Ibisubizo bifata igihe kugira ngo bigaruke.
• Ikizamini cyihuse cya Antigen: Ibi bishobora gutanga ibisubizo vuba (mu minota 15-30). Ariko, ntabwo ari ikibazo gikomeye nka PCR, kandi rimwe na rimwe gishobora gutanga ibisubizo bitari byo.

2. Ikizamini cy'Ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri: Iki kizamini cyerekana niba warigeze kugira COVID-19 mbere kandi niba ufite ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri buyirwanya . Ntigikoreshwa mu gupima ubwandu bufatika.

None se, ni ikihe kizamini cyiza kuri njye?

Biterwa n'ibimenyetso byawe, uburyo wagaragayemo, n'inama za muganga wawe. Ubusanzwe, muganga akunze kukugira inama yo "gupima virusi", cyane cyane ikizamini cya PCR, ku muntu ufite ibimenyetso cyangwa wahuye n'umuntu wanduye.

Byose ku rukingo rwa COVID-19

Gukingirwa ni imwe mu ntwaro zikomeye kandi z'ingenzi dufite zo kurwanya iki cyorezo cya Covid-19.

"Mu magambo make, urukingo rutoza imibiri yacu kurwanya virusi ya COVID-19 mbere y'igihe. Nk'uko umusirikare yitoza mbere yo kujya mu ntambara. Hanyuma, iyo virusi yinjiye mu mubiri koko, ubudahangarwa bwacu bw'umubiri buzahita buyimenya, buyirwanye, kandi buzarinda indwara kwiyongera."

Ibibazo bisanzwe ushobora kuba ufite ku bijyanye n'inkingo n'ibisubizo byazo:

• Ese koko uru rukingo rufite umutekano? Yego, inkingo zose za COVID-19 zemewe n'ibigo byemewe, harimo n'Ishami ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (OMS) na Minisiteri y'Ubuzima yo mu gihugu cyacu , ni nziza cyane kandi zifite akamaro . Zemerewe gukoreshwa gusa nyuma y'ubushakashatsi bwimbitse. Ingaruka mbi nke (nk'umuriro, kubabara umubiri, kubabara aho umuntu atewe inshinge, umunaniro) zishobora kubaho mu gihe cy'umunsi umwe cyangwa ibiri, ariko akenshi zishira zonyine.
• Ese abana bashobora gukingirwa? Yego, urukingo rwa COVID-19 rwemewe ku bana barengeje amezi 6 mu bihugu byinshi ku isi, ndetse no mu gihugu cyacu. Abana bato bahabwa doze nto, zijyanye n'itsinda ry'imyaka. Vugana na muganga w'abana ku bijyanye no gukingiza umwana wawe hanyuma ufate umwanzuro.
• Hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'inkingo, ni ubuhe bwiza kurusha ubundi? Inkingo zose zemewe zifasha cyane mu kurinda indwara zikomeye, kujya mu bitaro no gupfa. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa kubona urukingo urwo arirwo rwose rwemewe ruboneka kandi rutangwa inama n'inzego z'ubuzima.

Ese urukingo rwa COVID-19, urukingo rwa grippe, n'urukingo rwa RSV bishobora gufatwa umunsi umwe?

Iki ni ikibazo abantu benshi bibaza. Muri rusange, yego. Abaganga bavuga ko atari ikibazo gikomeye kubona urukingo rwa COVID-19, urukingo rwa grippe, ndetse rimwe na rimwe, urukingo rwa RSV (virusi yo guhumeka ikoresheje ikoranabuhanga) ku munsi umwe, ku gihe muganga yagufashe. Ariko, ni byiza kuganira na muganga wawe kuri ibi no gukurikiza inama ze.

Indwara yo kubyimba mu buryo bwinshi mu bana (MIS-C)

Iyi ni indwara idasanzwe ariko ikomeye . Nyuma y'ibyumweru bike banduye COVID-19 (rimwe na rimwe nta bimenyetso byayo), bamwe mu bana bashobora kubyimba ingingo zitandukanye z'umubiri (urugero: umutima, ibihaha, impyiko, ubwonko, uruhu, amaso, inzira y'igifu) icyarimwe. Ibimenyetso birimo:

• Umuriro (uri hejuru ya selisiyusi 38/100.4 Fahrenheit) umara iminsi myinshi
• Kubabara cyane mu gifu, kuruka, impiswi
• Uduheri dutukura ku ruhu (uduheri)
• Amaso atukura, iminwa yacitse, n'umutuku
• Gusinzira bidasanzwe, umunaniro, urujijo
• Utunyangingo tw'imitsi mu ijosi twabyimbye

Niba umwana wawe afite kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bimenyetso, ugomba guhita ugisha inama kwa muganga.

Ese ibi ni ibicurane, ibicurane bisanzwe, ubwandu bwa RSV, cyangwa COVID-19? Wabimenya ute neza?

Mu by’ukuri iki ni ikibazo kigoye, kuko ibimenyetso by’ibanze by’izi ndwara zose (umuriro, inkorora, kubabara umubiri, kubabara mu muhogo, umunaniro) bisa cyane. Rero biragoye kumenya neza niba ari COVID-19 cyangwa atari yo hashingiwe ku bimenyetso gusa.

Uburyo bwiza kandi bwizewe bwo kumenya neza icyo ari cyo ni ugupima COVID-19 (urugero: PCR cyangwa antigen ihindagurika). Ni bwo uzabimenya neza. Bityo, bizaba ingirakamaro cyane mu gushaka ubuvuzi bukenewe no gukumira ikwirakwira ry'iyi ndwara ku bandi.

Ni gute wakwihanganira COVID-19 mu rugo no ku ishuri?

Kubera ko COVID-19 igira ingaruka hafi ya zose mu buzima bwacu bwa buri munsi, ni ngombwa ko twese dukomeza kumenya amakuru no gukora ibintu neza, haba mu rugo no mu gihe abana bacu bari ku ishuri.

Kwita ku rugo n'uburyo bwo kwirinda

• Niba wowe cyangwa umuntu wo mu muryango wawe afite ibimenyetso bya COVID-19, cyangwa yanduye, jya witandukanya n'abandi uko bishoboka kose. Ni byiza kuguma mu cyumba cyihariye, byaba byiza ucumbitsemo ubwiherero bwihariye.
• Kuruhuka bihagije. Kuruhuka ni ingenzi kugira ngo umubiri ukire.
• Kurya indyo yuzuye kandi unywe ibinyobwa bishyushye (isupu, igikoma, umutobe utekeshejwe n'amazi ashyushye) kenshi.
• Ku bintu nk'umuriro n'ububabare bw'umubiri, fata imiti nka parasetamol nk'uko muganga yabigutegetse.
• Menya ibimenyetso by'umuburo . Ni ukuvuga ko niba ugize ibimenyetso nko kugorwa cyane no guhumeka, kubabara mu gatuza cyangwa gufungana, urujijo, gusinzira cyane bigatuma udashobora guhaguruka, cyangwa iminwa y'ubururu cyangwa isura, shaka ubufasha bwihuse bwa muganga cyangwa uhamagare ikigo nderabuzima kiri hafi yawe.
• Hanagura ahantu hakunze gukorwaho mu rugo rwawe (ibifunga by'inzugi, ameza, amaboko y'intebe, amatara, telefoni) ukoresheje amazi yica udukoko buri munsi.

`Gushyira mu kato` n``Gushyira mu kato`` ni iki? Reka dusobanukirwe itandukaniro nyaryo riri hagati y’ibyo byombi.

Nubwo twumva aya magambo abiri kenshi mu gihe cya Covid, dushobora kuba tutazi neza itandukaniro riri hagati yayo yombi.

• Kwishyira mu kato: Ibi bikorwa kugira ngo umuntu wapimwe agasanganwa COVID-19 n'abandi bantu bazima batandukane burundu. Ni ukuvuga kugira ngo ababuze kwanduza abandi iyi ndwara.
• Kwishyira mu kato: Ibi bikorwa mu gushyira mu kato no kureba umuntu wahuye n'umuntu wanduye COVID-19, ariko utaragaragaza ibimenyetso cyangwa ngo agaragare ko yanduye, mu gihe runaka (ubusanzwe iminsi 7-14). Ibi biterwa nuko ashobora no kuba yaranduye, ariko bishobora gufata iminsi myinshi kugira ngo virusi igaragare mu mubiri kandi igaragaze ibimenyetso.

Ugenda gute mu kwigunga uri mu rugo?

• Niba bishoboka, guma mu cyumba cyihariye kandi gifite umwuka mwiza. Amadirishya agumane afunguye.
• Irinde gusangira hamwe n'abandi bantu mu rugo no kumarana umwanya ahantu hamwe (nk'icyumba cyo kubamo) uko bishoboka kose.
• Koresha amasahani atandukanye, ibikombe, ibikoresho byo mu gikoni, amasume, n'amashuka yo kuryamaho. Karaba kandi wumishe neza nyuma yo kubikoresha.
• Kora uko ushoboye kose kugira ngo urinde abandi bagize umuryango, cyane cyane abageze mu za bukuru, abagore batwite, n'abafite izindi ndwara zidakira (nka diyabete cyangwa indwara z'umutima). Niba ugomba kujya aho bari, menya neza ko mwembi mwambaye agapfukamunwa.

None se, ni ibihe bintu by'ingenzi tugomba kwibuka? (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Muri iki gihe cyo kwiga guhangana n'ikibazo cya COVID-19, ni ingenzi cyane kuri twese gukora ibintu mu buryo bunoze, haba ku giti cyacu ndetse no muri sosiyete.

• Buri gihe kurikiza ingamba z'ibanze zo kwirinda: Gukoresha ibintu nko gukaraba intoki, kwambara udupfukamunwa, no kugumana intera hagati y'abantu biba igice cy'ibikorwa byawe bya buri munsi.
• Menya neza ko uhawe inkingo: Gukingirwa bitanga imbaraga nyinshi zo kwirinda ingaruka mbi z’iyi ndwara, ndetse no kurinda umuryango wawe, inshuti zawe, n’abaturage bose. Shaka buri doze uhawe ku gihe.
• Niba ibimenyetso bigaragaye: Ntugatinye, kora ibintu neza. Shaka inama kwa muganga, wipimishe nibiba ngombwa. Fata ingamba zose zishoboka kugira ngo wirinde kwanduzanya indwara ku bandi.
• Shaka amakuru nyayo kandi yizewe gusa: Ntukemere ibihuha byose cyangwa amakuru atari yo akwirakwira ku mbuga nkoranyambaga. Shaka amakuru nyayo aturutse mu miryango mpuzamahanga izwi nka OMS, Ikigo gishinzwe kurwanya no gukumira indwara (CDC), Minisiteri y'Ubuzima y'igihugu cyacu, ndetse n'umuganga w'umuryango wawe.
• Ubuzima bwawe bwo mu mutwe nabwo ni ingenzi cyane: Iki cyorezo kiri kuduteza imihangayiko myinshi, haba ku mubiri no mu mutwe. Niba wumva ufite stress, ubwoba, cyangwa uhangayitse, ganira n'inshuti cyangwa umuntu wo mu muryango wawe kuri byo. Ntutinye gushaka ubufasha ku muganga w'indwara zo mu mutwe niba ubikeneye.

Iki cyorezo cya COVID-19 cyatubereye ikibazo gikomeye. Ariko, nidufashanya, tugakurikiza inama z'ubuzima mu buryo burangwa n'ubwitonzi, kandi tukahangana n'iki kibazo dufite imyumvire myiza, dushobora gutsinda iki kibazo. Wibuke ko utari wenyine muri uru rugamba, twese turi kumwe!

Covid -19, Virusi ya Corona, COVID-19, Siri Lanka, Ubuzima, Urukingo, Umutekano, Ibimenyetso, Gupima Virusi, Kwishyira mu Kato