Nk'umubyeyi utwite, iki ni igihe cyiza kandi gishimishije. Ushobora kuba ushishikajwe cyane no kumenya niba umwana wawe ameze neza n'uko arimo gukura. Niyo mpamvu ibizamini byo mu gihe cyo kubyara bidufasha. Muri iyi nkuru, turaganira ku bizamini by'ingenzi bikorwa mu gihembwe cya kabiri cy'inda yawe, kiri hagati y'ukwezi kwa kane n'ukwa gatandatu.

Kuki ibizamini ari ingenzi mu gihe utwite? Ese ufite uburenganzira bwo guhitamo?

Mu magambo make, ibi bizamini bishobora kuduha amakuru y'ingirakamaro ku buzima bwawe n'ubw'umwana wawe. Hari igihe, iyo muganga agusabye ikizamini, ni ngombwa kubaza ibyiza n'ibibi, ndetse n'ingaruka zacyo. Ababyeyi benshi basanga ibi bizamini ari ihumure rikomeye, kandi bishobora no kubafasha kwitegura kuza k'umwana wabo. Ariko ibuka ko ufite uburenganzira bwo guhitamo niba uzakorerwa ikizamini cyangwa utazagikora.

Ibizamini bimwe na bimwe bikorwa nyuma yo gutwita byemejwe kandi bigakomeza

Birashoboka ko wamaze gukora bimwe muri ibi bizamini. Iyo ugiye kwa muganga bwa mbere nyuma yo gutwita, bazakora ikizamini cyo gutwita kugira ngo bemeze ko utwite. Bazakora kandi ikizamini cyuzuye cy’umubiri, harimo no gupimwa mu kibuno nibiba ngombwa. Bazakora kandi ikizamini cy’inkari zawe kugira ngo barebe niba hari ibintu nka poroteyine, isukari, n’indwara zandurira mu nkari.

Niba igihe kigeze ngo upimwe Pap smear, muganga wawe azabikora ubu. Ashobora kumenya impinduka za kanseri mu turemangingo tw’inkondo y’umura wawe. Muganga wawe azasuzuma kandi indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina (STDs) nka Chlamydia na Gonorrhea.

Byongeye kandi, hakorwa ibizamini byinshi by'amaraso kugira ngo harebwe ibintu nka:

• Ubwoko bw'amaraso yawe n'igipimo cya Rh: Tekereza niba amaraso yawe afite Rh negative kandi amaraso y'umugabo wawe afite Rh negative, zimwe mu misemburo utanga zishobora kwangiza umwana wawe. Ariko ntugahangayike, ibi bishobora kwirindwa ukoresheje urushinge rwihariye rutangwa hafi mu byumweru 28 utwite.
• Anemia: Ibi bivuze kubura uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso.
• Indwara nka Hepatite B, Sirifi, na VIH.
• Ese udafite ubudahangarwa ku ndwara ya measles yo mu bwoko bwa German measles (Rubella) na chickenpox (Varicella / Chickenpox).
• Gupima indwara nka 'Cystic Fibrosis' na 'Spinal Muscular Atrophy': Nubwo nta muntu n'umwe mu muryango wigeze agira izi ndwara, ubu ibi bizamini bikunze kugirwa inama.

Wibuke ko ibi bizamini byose bikorwa ku bw'umutekano wawe n'uw'umwana wawe.

Ibizamini byakorewe hafi ya buri gahunda ya muganga:

Kugeza igihe umwana azavuka, ibiro byawe, umuvuduko w'amaraso, n'ibizamini by'inkari bizasuzumwa buri gihe ugiye kwa muganga. Ibi bishobora gufasha kumenya indwara nka diyabete yo mu gihe cyo gutwita na preeclampsia (umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso mu gihe utwite).

Noneho reka turebe ibizamini byihariye by'igihembwe cya kabiri (amezi 4-6).

Mu gihembwe cya kabiri cy'inda yawe, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gupima indwara zitandukanye bitewe n'imyaka yawe, ubuzima bwawe, n'amateka y'ubuzima bw'umuryango wawe.

Gupima amaraso kugira ngo harebwe niba hari ikibazo kiri mu mikurire y'umwana: Gupima ibimenyetso byinshi

Iki kandi ni ikizamini gikorerwa ku maraso yakuweho. Ushobora kuba warigeze kubyumva nk'ikizamini cya `Quad Screen` cyangwa `AFP4`.

• Igihe cyo kubikora: Ibi bikunze gukorwa hagati y'ibyumweru 15 na 20.
• Ni iki kirimo kurebwa?: Ibi bitanga igitekerezo cy'ibyago byo kurwara indwara z'imitsi yo mu bwonko, nka spina bifida, n'indwara za chromosome, nka Down Syndrome na Trisomy 18.
• Ushobora kandi kubona igitekerezo nyacyo uhuza ibisubizo byabyo n'ibyavuye mu bizamini byakozwe mu gihembwe cya mbere cy'isuzuma (`Integrated Screening Test`).

Ese byose bimeze neza mu nda y'umwana? – Ultrasound Scan (Ultrasound yo ku rwego rwa 2)

Ushobora kuba warumvise ibyerekeye scan ya ultrasound. Ni ikizamini kidababaza kandi kitagira ingaruka mbi. Gikoresha amajwi kugira ngo gikore ishusho y'umwana. Gishobora kugenzura imiterere n'aho umwana aherereye.

• Gupima ultrasound bikorerwa mu gihembwe cya kabiri cy'amezi atatu, akenshi hagati y'ibyumweru 18 na 20, byitwa kandi "Ultrasound yo ku rwego rwa 2." Hari n'abandi babyita "Anomaly Scan".
• Ni iki kirimo kurebwa?: Iki ni isuzuma rirambuye niba ingingo z'imbere z'umwana (nk'umutima, ubwonko, n'impyiko) zikura neza kandi niba umwana arimo gukura neza.
• Ababyeyi bafite ibyago byinshi byo gutwita bashobora no gupimwa inshuro nyinshi mu gihembwe cya kabiri cy'umusambo.

Ikizamini cya Diyabete yo mu gihe cyo gutwita

Iki cyitwa "Ikizamini cyo Gupima Glukose".

• 'Diyabete yo mu gihe cyo gutwita' ni iki?: Iyi ni ubwoko bw'amara bw'indwara ya diyabete iterwa n'abagore bamwe na bamwe mu gihe batwite gusa. Iyo itamenyekanye kandi ikavurwa neza, ishobora guteza ibibazo ku buzima bw'umwana.
• Ikizamini gikorwa gute?: Uhabwa ikinyobwa kirimo isukari, hanyuma amaraso agafatwa nyuma y'isaha imwe kugira ngo harebwe urugero rw'isukari mu maraso yawe.
• Igihe cyo gukora:Ibi bikunze gukorwa hagati y'ibyumweru 24 na 28. Ariko, niba ufite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara diyabete yo mu gihe cyo gutwita, bishobora gukorwa hakiri kare.

Ibizamini byakozwe mu bihe byihariye by'akaga

Ibi bizamini ntibikorerwa buri wese. Abaganga babikora gusa ku babyeyi bafite ibintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora gutera ibyago.

• Amniocentesis:
• Igihe cyo kubikora: Ubusanzwe hagati y'ibyumweru 15 na 20, ibi bikorwa ku babyeyi bafite ibyago byinshi byo kurwara indwara za chromosome cyangwa imiterere y'uturemangingo twavuzwe haruguru.
• Ni iki gikorwa?: Ingero nto y'amazi ya amniotic akikije umwana irafatwa ikanapimwa.
• Ni iki kirimo gushakishwa?: Ibi bishobora kugaragaza ibintu nk'ibitagenda neza mu mikorosomu, ibibazo bya genetiki, n'ubusembwa bw'imiyoboro y'ubwonko. Iki ni ikizamini cyo gusuzuma indwara.
• Gupima amaraso yo mu nda isanzwe (PUBS):
• Ibi kandi byitwa ``cordocentesis.'' Mu magambo make, bisaba gufata amaraso mu nkari y'umwana no kuyapima.
• Igihe cyo kubikora: Akenshi bikorwa nyuma y'ibyumweru 18 utwite.
• Kuki bikorwa?: Iki kizamini gishobora gukorwa niba ibisubizo by'ibindi bizamini, nka amniocentesis, bitarasobanuka neza. Ariko, bikorwa gake ugereranyije n'ibindi bizamini.

Ni ibihe bizamini by'inyongera bishobora gukorwa?

Hari igihe muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gukorerwa ibizamini by'inyongera. Ibi bizaterwa n'amateka yawe bwite y'ubuzima (n'ay'umukunzi wawe) ndetse n'ibintu bishobora gutera ibyago. Ni ngombwa cyane cyane kuvugana n'umujyanama mu by'imiterere y'umubiri niba ufite ibyago byo kurwara indwara z'uruhererekane.

Dore ibindi bizamini byatanzwe:

• Ibizamini by'indwara za tiroyide
• Toxoplasmose (ubwandu bushobora kwanduzwa n'inyamaswa)
• `Hepatitis C`
• Virusi ya Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
• Indwara ya Tay-Sachs (indwara idakunze kugaragara mu ngirabuzimafatizo)
• Indwara ya Fragile X (indwara y’uturemangingo)
• `Igituntu`
• Indwara ya Canavan (indwara idakunze kugaragara mu mitsi)

Ese ngomba gukora ibi bizamini byose?

Iki ni ikibazo cy'ingenzi cyane. Wibuke ko ibi bizamini byose "bikubereye", ntabwo ari ibizamini "by'ingenzi gukora". Umwanzuro ni uwawe.

Ikintu cyiza wakora ni ukuganira na muganga wawe kuri ibyo mu gihe agusabye ikizamini:

• "Muganga, kuki unsaba gukora iki kizamini?"
• "Ni izihe nyungu z'ibi? Ni izihe ngaruka?"
• "Ni iki mu by'ukuri namenya mu ngaruka z'ibi? Ni iki ntazi?"

Ni ngombwa kwibaza ibi bibazo no gufata icyemezo gishingiye ku makuru wabonye. Abaganga bagusaba ibi bizamini bazirikana inyungu zawe n'iz'umwana wawe.

Vugana na muganga wawe nta guhishanya hanyuma uhitemo ikikubereye.

Hanyuma, dore ubutumwa bumwe na bumwe bwo kujyana mu rugo:

Gutwita ni urugendo rwiza. Ibizamini unyuramo muri uru rugendo ni ukugufasha wowe n'umwana wawe gusa.

• Ibi bizamini byo mu gihe cyo kubyara bitanga amakuru menshi y'ingirakamaro n'amahoro yo mu mutima kuri wowe no ku mwana wawe.
• Amakuru uzakura muri ibi azagufasha kwitegura ivuka ry'umwana wawe.
• Igikuru ni ukuvugisha ukuri no kuvugisha ukuri kuri buri kintu cyose. Ntutinye kubaza ikibazo cyangwa impungenge ushobora kuba ufite.
• Umwanzuro wa nyuma ni uwawe buri gihe.
• Muri ibi byose, ni ngombwa cyane gukurikiza ubuzima bwiza mu gihe cyose utwite.

Tukwifurije ubuzima bwiza n'ibyishimo wowe n'umwana wawe!

Ibipimo byo gutwita, igihembwe cya kabiri cy'umubyigano, ultrasound, diyabete yo gutwita, Down syndrome, ibizamini byo gutwita, ubuzima bw'umwana