Ese amaguru yawe arababara iyo ugenda? Bishobora kuba indwara y'imitsi yo mu mpande!

Ese wumva ububabare cyangwa ububabare mu maguru yawe, cyane cyane mu nda yawe, iyo ugenda n'amaguru, cyane cyane iyo uri kure? Ese birashira nyuma yo kwicara gato ukaruhuka, ariko se biragaruka iyo ugenda n'amaguru? Niba ari byo, iki ni ikintu gishobora kuba ingenzi kuri wewe. Iyi ndwara tuyita 'Indwara y'imitsi yo mu mugongo' , cyangwa PAD mu magambo ahinnye. Reka tubiganireho mu buryo bworoshye, mu buryo ushobora gusobanukirwa.

'Indwara y'imitsi yo mu muyoboro w'amaraso' ni iki?

Mu magambo make, indwara y'imitsi yo mu gice cy'imbere ni indwara aho ibinure byiyongera mu mitsi ijyana amaraso ku maguru, ikagenda igabanuka buhoro buhoro. Tekereza nk'umuyoboro w'amazi ufunganye n'umwanda hanyuma ukagabanya buhoro buhoro amazi. Imitsi yacu imeze nk'imiyoboro. Iroroshye cyane imbere, bityo amaraso ashobora gutembera neza adapfunditse.

Ariko, uko iyi 'plaque' (urutonde rw'ibinure na cholesterol) igenda yiyongera buhoro buhoro ku nkuta z'imitsi, umwanya uri imbere mu mitsi urushaho kuba muto. Mu buvuzi, ibi byitwa kandi 'atherosclerosis' . Hari igihe ubuso bukomeye bw'iyi 'plaque' bucika, bigatuma 'platelets' (ubwoko bw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso dufasha amaraso kubumba) ziyongera, bigatuma imitsi irushaho kugabanuka.

Iyo umutsi ufunganye, amaraso ntashobora kuwunyuramo. Ingirabuzimafatizo zo mu maguru zitangwa n'uwo mutsi zibura ogisijeni n'intungamubiri. Ibi bishobora kwangiza izo ngingo ndetse bigahita bizitera gupfa (gangrene) . Iyi ndwara ikunze kwibasira amano n'ibirenge.

Hari abantu bakura vuba PAD, abandi bakayikura buhoro buhoro. Hari n'ibindi bintu byinshi bigira ingaruka kuri ibi, nko aho plaque iherereye mu mubiri wawe n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange.

Iyi 'ndwara y'imitsi yo mu maraso' (PAD) ikunze kugaragara gute?

Mu by’ukuri indwara ya PAD ni indwara ikunze kugaragara cyane kurusha uko wabitekereza. Bivugwa ko abantu bari hagati ya miliyoni 8 na 12 muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika barwaye iyi ndwara. Ariko, rimwe na rimwe ipimwa nabi kandi ntivurwe. Kubwibyo, umubare nyakuri ushobora kuba munini.

Ni gute PAD igira ingaruka ku mubiri wanjye? Ni ibihe bimenyetso?

Ikimenyetso nyamukuru kandi gikunze kugaragara cya PAD ni claudication . Ubu bubabare mu maguru (cyane cyane mu mabere) iyo ugenda cyangwa ukoze imyitozo ngororamubiri. Ubu bubabare burashira iyo uruhuka. Ibi bibaho kubera ko imitsi y'amaguru idafite umwuka uhagije.

Ariko ingaruka za PAD ntizigarukira gusa ku kugorwa no kugenda. Zishobora no gutera ibisebe bidakira ku maguru cyangwa ku birenge.Ingaruka zo kurwara indwara yo gucika kw'imitsi ziyongera. Iyo indwara ya PAD ibaye ikomeye, ibi bikomere bishobora guhinduka ahantu hapfuye (gangrene), ndetse bishobora no kuba ngombwa gukuraho ikirenge cyangwa ukuguru (amputation). Tekereza kuri marume wacu Siripala, ntashobora no kugenda urugendo rurerure kugera ku iduka, ahora avuga ko ukuguru kwe kubabara, bishobora kuba nk'ibi.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso bisanzwe bya PAD?

Si abantu bose bafite PAD bazagira ibimenyetso. Abagera kuri 50% bashobora kutagira ibimenyetso na gato. Ibi bibaho buhoro buhoro. Ibimenyetso bishobora gutangira kugaragara iyo imitsi igabanutseho 60% cyangwa irenga.

Ibimenyetso bisanzwe birimo:

• Ububabare, kuribwa mu nda, cyangwa kubabara mu maguru cyangwa mu matako (intermittent claudication) bibaho iyo umuntu agenda cyangwa azamuka ingazi. Ibi bigabanuka uko umuntu aruhuka.
• Ubushyuhe, ububabare bukomeye mu birenge no mu mano (ububabare bwo kuruhuka mu buryo bwa ischemic) ndetse no mu gihe umuntu aruhutse, cyane cyane iyo aryamye mu buriri nijoro .
• Uruhu rukonje ku birenge.
• Kubona umutuku cyangwa izindi mpinduka z'ibara ku ruhu.
• Kwandura indwara zikunze kugaragara ku ruhu no ku ngingo zoroshye (cyane cyane mu birenge cyangwa amaguru).
• Ibisebe bidakira ku birenge no ku mano.

Icy'ingenzi: Niba ufite ibi bimenyetso, ni ngombwa cyane kujya kwa muganga vuba bishoboka kugira ngo akugire inama. Kuko iyo PAD igaragaye hakiri kare, ubuvuzi bushobora gutangira mbere yuko havuka ibibazo bikomeye nko kurwara umutima cyangwa gucika kw'imitsi.

Ese hari ibyiciro bya PAD?

Yego, abaganga bakoresha uburyo butandukanye bwo gushyira PAD mu byiciro. Uburyo bwo gushyira Fontaine mu byiciro biroroshye gato. Dore ibyiciro:

• Icyiciro cya mbere: Kutagira ibimenyetso.
• Icyiciro cya IIa: Kubabara amaguru mu buryo bworoheje mu gihe cy'imyitozo ngororamubiri (claudication yoroheje).
• Icyiciro cya IIb: Ububabare bw'amaguru buri hagati kugeza ku bunini (kuva ku kubabara amaguru hagati kugeza ku gukomereka cyane).
• Icyiciro cya gatatu: Kubabara amaguru ndetse no mu gihe umuntu aruhutse (ububabare bwo kuruhuka mu buryo bwa Ischemic).
• Icyiciro cya kane: Ibisebe cyangwa igisebe.

Ni izihe ngorane zishobora guterwa na PAD?

Iyo batavuwe, abantu bafite PAD bashobora gukenera gucibwa ukuguru cyangwa ikirenge (kandi akenshi ukuboko) . Ibi byago biri hejuru cyane cyane ku bantu barwaye diyabete.

Kubera ko inzira zacu zo gutembera kw'amaraso zifitanye isano, ingaruka za PAD ntizigarukira gusa ku kuguru kwafashwe. Abantu bafite indwara ya atherosclerosis mu mitsi y'amaguru bashobora no kugira iyi ndwara ahandi mu mubiri. Ibi bivuze ko umuntu urwaye PAD ashobora kurwara indwara y'imitsi y'umutima, indwara y'umutima, indwara yo gucika kw'imitsi, cyangwa indwara y'ihungabana ry'imitsi (TIA)., bivuze ko ibyago byo kurwara indwara nko gucika intege nke zo mu bwonko biri hejuru cyane ugereranyije n'umuntu udafite PAD. Umuntu urwaye indwara y'umutima afite amahirwe agera kuri 1 kuri 3 yo kugira PAD mu maguru ye.

Impamvu nyamukuru ya PAD ni iyihe?

Impamvu nyamukuru ni indwara ya atherosclerosis mu mitsi y'amaguru (kandi akenshi ni nko mu maboko). Kimwe no mu mitsi y'umutima, ibinure byiyongera ku nkuta z'imitsi, bigafunga imitsi buhoro buhoro ndetse bikayifunga.

Ni ibihe bintu bishobora gutera PAD?

Kunywa itabi ni cyo kintu cy’ingenzi kandi gikomeye gitera PAD n’ingorane zayo. Mu by’ukuri, 80% by’abantu bafite PAD ni abanywi b’itabi basanzwe cyangwa abahoze ari abanywi b’itabi. Kunywa itabi byongera ibyago byo kurwara PAD ku kigero cya 400%. Bishobora kandi gutinza ibimenyetso kugeza ku myaka 10.

Ugereranyije n'abatanywa itabi, abantu banywa itabi kandi bafite PAD bakunze kugira ibi bikurikira:

• Urupfu ruturutse ku ndwara y'umutima cyangwa indwara yo gucika kw'imitsi .
• Ibisubizo bibi byo kubagwa amaguru mu buryo bwa "bypass".
• Gucibwa ukuboko cyangwa ukuguru.

Waba uri umugore cyangwa umugabo, ufite ibyago byo kurwara PAD niba ufite kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bintu bishobora gutera ibyago:

• Gukoresha ibikomoka ku itabi (iki ni cyo kintu gikomeye kurusha ibindi).
• Kurwara diyabete (Diabete Mellitus).
• Kuba ufite imyaka 50 cyangwa irenga.
• Kuba ufite inkomoko muri Amerika y'Abanyafurika (nubwo ibi bitajyanye cyane na Sri Lanka, ni byiza kubimenya).
• Kuba ufite amateka y’indwara z’umutima cyangwa indwara z’imitsi y’amaraso ku giti cye cyangwa mu muryango.
• Kugira umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso (Hypertension).
• Kugira cholesterol nyinshi (Hyperlipidemia).
• Umubyibuho ukabije mu nda.
• Kugira ikibazo cyo kuvura amaraso.
• Kugira indwara y'impyiko (ibi bishobora kuba impamvu y'ibyago ndetse n'ingaruka za PAD).

Indwara ya PAD ipimwa ite? (Isuzuma)

Iyo ugiye kwa muganga, azagusuzuma akakubaza amateka y'ubuzima bwawe n'ibintu bishobora gutera ibyago. Hari ibizamini bimwe na bimwe bitagutera indwara bishobora gukorwa kugira ngo hamenyekane niba ufite PAD, kandi niba ari yo, niba ari yo, niba ari yo ikomeye. Ibi bizamini bishobora gufasha kumenya niba hari ikibazo mu mitsi y'amaraso:

• Igipimo cy'umuvuduko w'amaraso mu kaguru no ku kuboko (ABI): Iki gipimo cy'umuvuduko w'amaraso mu kaguru no ku kuboko.
• Gufata ijwi ry'umuvuduko w'amaraso (PVR).
• Ultrasound y'imitsi.

Hari igihe ikizamini cyiswe angiogram gishobora kuba ngombwa kugira ngo hamenyekane aho imitsi ifunganye.

Ese PAD ishobora guhindurwa?

Yego, hari ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje koImyitozo ngororamubiri no kugenzura cholesterol n'umuvuduko w'amaraso bishobora gusubiza inyuma ibimenyetso bya PAD.

Iyo ubonye indwara hakiri kare, ugahindura imibereho yawe, ukayivura, PAD ishobora guhagarikwa gukomeza kwiyongera. Niba ubona ko uri mu kaga ko kurwara PAD, cyangwa niba usanzwe ufite ibimenyetso, reba muganga w’umuryango wawe, inzobere mu kuvura imitsi, cyangwa inzobere mu ndwara z’umutima kugira ngo utangire gahunda yo kuyirinda cyangwa kuyivura ako kanya.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura PAD?

PAD ishobora kuvurwa hakoreshejwe impinduka mu mibereho, imiti, n'uburyo bwo kwivuza.

Hari intego ebyiri z'ingenzi zo kuvura indwara ya PAD:

1. Kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara indwara z'umutima n'imitsi , nko kurwara indwara z'umutima n'imitsi yo mu bwonko.

2. Kugabanya ububabare mu gihe ugenda no kunoza ubuzima bwawe.

Impinduka mu mibereho

Ubuvuzi bwa PAD butangirana no guhindura imibereho yawe kugira ngo ugabanye ibyago byo kwandura. Dore bimwe mu bintu ushobora gukora:

• Kureka burundu ibikomoka ku itabi. Baza muganga wawe gahunda zishobora kugufasha kureka kunywa itabi.
• Kurya indyo yuzuye irimo fibre nyinshi kandi irimo cholesterol nke, ibinure na sodiyumu. Gabanya ibinure kugeza kuri 30% bya karori zose za buri munsi. Ibinure byuzuye ntibigomba kurenza 7% bya karori zose. Irinde ibiryo bikozwe mu mavuta ya trans, nk'amavuta y'imboga ya hidrojeni nke n'ayo mu yandi.
• Imyitozo ngororamubiri. Tangira gahunda isanzwe yo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri, nko kugenda n'amaguru. Kugenda n'amaguru ni uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura PAD. Abantu bagenda n'amaguru buri gihe bashobora kongera intera bashobora kugenda mbere yuko amaguru yabo ababara.
• Gucunga izindi ndwara nk'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, diyabete, na cholesterol nyinshi.
• Kugabanya stress zawe. Ibintu nk'imyitozo ngororamubiri, yoga, no gutekereza cyane bishobora kugufasha muri ibi.
• Itoze kwita ku birenge n'uruhu neza kugira ngo wirinde kwandura no kugabanya ibyago byo guhura n'ibibazo.

Imiti

Imiti nk'imiti igabanya umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso , imiti ya statin , n'imiti ya diyabete ishobora gufasha mu kugenzura ibintu bishobora gutera PAD no kugabanya ibyago byo gucika intege kw'imitsi no gutera umutima.

Muganga wawe ashobora kukwandikira umuti ugabanya ububabare bw'amaraso, nka aspirine cyangwa clopidogrel, kugira ngo wirinde kubyimba kw'amaraso. Bashobora kandi kuguha umuti witwa cilostazol kugira ngo wongere intera ushobora kugenda n'amaguru. Uyu muti ufasha abantu bakora imyitozo ngororamubiri ya claudication igihe kirekire mbere yuko amaguru yabo ababara.

Gahunda zo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri zigenzurwa

Gahunda yo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri igenzurwa n'abaganga ishobora kugufasha kugabanya ububabare bw'amaguru no kugufasha kugenda neza. Ibi akenshi bisaba kugenda n'amaguru nibura iminsi itatu mu cyumweru.

Abantu bafite PAD bagomba kugenda iminota 30 kugeza kuri 60 ku munsi, ndetse no mu rugo. Inama ikunze kugirwa ni ugukoresha imyitozo ngororamubiri ya "Tangira/Hagarika":

• Genda kugeza ububabare bugeze ku rugero rwo hagati, hanyuma uhagarare.
• Tegereza kugeza igihe ububabare buzimye burundu.
• Tangira kugenda nonaha.

Uburyo bwo kuvura butari bwinshi cyane cyangwa kubagwa

Ku bantu bamwe, ndetse no nyuma y'amezi menshi bakora imyitozo ngororamubiri n'imiti, ububabare bw'amaguru bushobora kuba bukomeye cyane ku buryo bubangamira imirimo ya buri munsi. Mu bihe bikomeye cyane, bishobora kuba ngombwa kunoza urujya n'uruza rw'amaraso kugira ngo bagabanye ububabare ndetse no mu gihe cyo kuruhuka, cyangwa kugira ngo imvune ikire.

Indwara za PAD zigeze kure, zitera ububabare bukomeye no kudakora neza, zishobora gusaba kuvurwa mu mitsi yo mu nda (aho amaraso anyura cyane) cyangwa kubagwa. Bumwe mu buryo bumwe bwo kuvura indwara z'umutima nabwo bukoreshwa kuri PAD:

• Angioplasty: Kwagura imitsi yazibye hakoreshejwe igikoresho gisa n'ibumba.
• Gushyiramo stent: Gushyiramo umuyoboro muto w'urushundura kugira ngo imitsi ikomeze gufungura.
• Kubaga imitsi yo mu mpande: Guhanga ubundi buryo bwo gutembera kw'amaraso (akenshi hakoreshejwe undi mutsi mu mubiri) kugira ngo birenge umutsi wafunzwe.
• Kugabanya ububabare: Gukuraho plaque yashyizwe mu mitsi hakoreshejwe igikoresho cyihariye.

Ibibazo bishoboka nyuma yo kuvurwa

Niba uhuye n'imwe muri izi ngorane zikurikira nyuma y'ubu buvuzi, ugomba guhita ubimenyesha muganga wawe. Ibi bishobora kuba ibimenyetso by'ubwandu cyangwa izindi ngorane:

• Kubyimba, kuva amaraso, cyangwa ububabare aho catheter yashyizwe.
• Kubabara mu gituza.
• Kugorwa no guhumeka.
• Umuriro cyangwa ubukonje.
• Kuzungera.
• Kubyimba amaguru.
• Kubabara mu nda.
• Aho kubaga bikorerwa hafunguka.

Igihe bifata kugira ngo ukire nyuma yo kuvurwa kiratandukanye bitewe n'ubuvuzi wahawe. Ushobora gukenera kumara ijoro rimwe cyangwa menshi mu bitaro. Nubwo gucibwamo inshinge bishobora gufata iminsi mike kugira ngo ukire, angioplasty ishobora gufata icyumweru. Ishinge rya peripheral artery bypass graft rishobora gufata ibyumweru 6 kugeza kuri 8 kugira ngo rikire neza.

Ni gute wagabanya ibyago byo kurwara PAD? (Kwirinda)

Iyo umaze kumenya ko ufite ibintu bishobora gutera PAD, ushobora gushishikarira kuyirinda. Inama zimwe zo kubungabunga ubuzima bw'umutima wawe zirakora no kwita ku gutembera kw'amaraso yawe:

• Genzura ibiro byawe.
• Kurya indyo irimo ibinure bike, isukari nke, kandi harimo nibura imbuto n'imboga nshya eshanu buri munsi.
• Ntugakoreshe ibikomoka ku itabi.
• Ubiherewe uburenganzira na muganga, kora imyitozo ngororamubiri nibura iminota 30 ku munsi, iminsi myinshi mu cyumweru.

Niba ufite indwara y'umutima, ganira na muganga wawe ku bintu bishobora gutuma urwara PAD. Bwira muganga wawe ibimenyetso byose ufite, nko kubabara amaguru, gucika intege, cyangwa kugira ibinya.

Ni iki wakwitega niba ufite PAD?

Kimwe n'izindi ndwara nyinshi, PAD yoroshye kuyivura iyo igaragaye hakiri kare. Umuvuduko wa PAD utera utandukana bitewe n'umuntu ku wundi. Biterwa n'ibintu byinshi, harimo aho plaque iherereye n'ubuzima bwawe muri rusange.

PAD ni indwara ushobora kugira mu buzima bwawe bwose. Nubwo nta muti wa PAD uhari, ushobora kuyirwanya. Ushobora kwirinda ko PAD irushaho kuba mbi ukoresheje ibi bikurikira:

• Kudakoresha ibikomoka ku itabi.
• Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe.
• Gabanya ibinure kandi urye indyo yuzuye.
• Gucunga ibintu bishobora gutera ibyago, nka diyabete, cholesterol nyinshi, n'umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso.

Niyitaho nte? (Kwiyitaho)

Ni ngombwa kwita ku birenge byawe neza kugira ngo wirinde ibikomere bidakira. Kwita ku birenge ku bantu bafite PAD birimo:

• Ambara inkweto nziza kandi zikubereye.
• Suzuma ibirenge n'amaguru yawe buri munsi kugira ngo urebe ko nta dusebe, ibisebe, imivuniko, gushwanyagurika cyangwa ibisebe. Nanone shakisha niba hari umutuku, ubushyuhe, inzara z'ibirenge zimeze nk'iz'inka, ibigori, n'ibibyimba. Kimwe n'umuntu urwaye diyabete, ugomba kwita ku birenge byawe.
• Ntugatinde kuvura n'ikibazo gito cy'ikirenge cyangwa uruhu.
• Komeza ibirenge byawe bisukuye kandi bitose neza (ntugashyiremo umuti wo koroshya ku gisebe gifunguye).
• Nyuma yo koga, kata inzara zawe zikiri zoroshye. Kata neza hanyuma uzishyire mu mwanya wazo ukoresheje agakoresho k'inzara.

Hari ubwo muganga wawe ashobora kukwohereza kwa muganga w’amaguru , cyane cyane niba urwaye diyabete. Ashobora kugufasha mu ndwara z’ibinure, ibinure, cyangwa izindi ndwara z’ibirenge.

Ni ryari ukwiye kujya kwa muganga?

Reba muganga mu bihe bikurikira:

• Iyo urwaye indwara mbi mu gisebe cyo ku kirenge cyawe, iyi ndwara ishobora gukwirakwira mu mitsi, mu ngingo, mu maraso no mu magufwa. Iyo indwara ikomeye, ushobora kujya mu bitaro.
• Niba bigoye cyane kugenda no gukora imirimo isanzwe.
• Niba ubabara amaguru nubwo waba uruhuka , iki ni ikimenyetso cy'uko amaraso adahagije.

Ibyihutirwa:Niba udashobora kumva ukuguru kwawe, udashobora kukwimura, cyangwa uruhu ruriho rufite ibara ritandukanye n'iry'ahandi ku kuguru kwawe, jya mu cyumba cyita ku barwayi b'ingoboka vuba. Ibi bivuze ko amaraso ajyana ku kuguru kwawe yahagaze nta nteguza.

Ni ibihe bibazo ngomba kubaza muganga wanjye?

• Ese nkeneye imiti kugira ngo igabanye ibyago byo kurwara PAD?
• Ni urugendo rungana iki nkwiye kugenda n'amaguru iyo ntangiye gahunda yo kugenda n'amaguru?
• Ese nkeneye kubagwa kubera PAD?

Amaherezo, ibuka ibi (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Ushobora gukora byinshi kugira ngo wirinde cyangwa ugabanye ikwirakwira rya Peripheral Artery Disease, cyangwa PAD, uhindura imibereho yawe. Komeza gahunda zawe zose zo gukurikirana hamwe na muganga wawe n'inzobere mu mitsi, kandi ufate imiti yawe yose uko byategetswe. Kumenya ibimenyetso by'ingorane za PAD bizagufasha kumenya igihe cyo gushaka ubufasha. Wite ku maguru yawe, kuko azagutwara urugendo rurerure!

Indwara y'imitsi yo mu mpande, PAD, ububabare bw'amaguru, kuziba kw'imitsi, gutembera kw'amaraso, kunywa itabi, diyabete, cholesterol, atherosclerosis, claudication