Ese ibihaha byawe birabyimba? Ibi bishobora kuba ari indwara ya pneumonite!

Ese hari igihe wumva ufite ikibazo cyo guhumeka nabi? Cyangwa wumva ubabara mu gituza? Wenda byatangiye ari ibicurane, ariko uracyafite ikibazo cyo guhumeka? Niba ari uko bimeze, ni ngombwa cyane ko umenya iyi ndwara yitwa "pneumonia", tugiye kuvugaho uyu munsi. Ntugahangayike, tuzabivugaho mu buryo bworoshye, mu buryo ushobora gusobanukirwa.

Igihaha ni iki? Mu magambo make...

Mu magambo make, pneumonite ni indwara aho udusaho duto tw’umwuka (twitwa alveoli) mu bihaha byawe tubyimba, cyangwa tukabyimba, bitewe n’izindi mpamvu, aho kuba ubwandu . Tekereza nawe, nk’uko iyo tugize igisebe, ikintu nk’iki gishobora kubaho mu bihaha byacu. Uku kubyimba gushobora gutuma bigorana guhumeka neza, kandi bishobora no guteza ibindi bibazo mu mubiri wawe.

Hari urwego rutandukanye rw'indwara ya pneumonite:

• Indwara ikomeye: Muri iki gihe, ububyimbirwe bubaho mu buryo butunguranye kandi bugashira nyuma y'igihe gito.
• Icyiciro cya Subacute: Aha, ububyimbirwe bugenda bukura buhoro buhoro.
• Indwara idakira: Ibi ni bibi kurushaho. Ubu burwayi bumara igihe kirekire, ndetse bushobora no kuba budashira.

Ese indwara ya pneumonite ni indwara iteje akaga?

Yego, indwara ya pneumonite ni indwara igomba gufatwa nk'iy'ingenzi . Kuko kumara igihe kinini ureba ibintu biyitera bishobora kwangiza ibihaha byawe burundu . Niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa kubimenya no gushaka inama z'abaganga vuba na bwangu mu gihe ugaragaje ibimenyetso.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ingenzi bw'indwara y'umusonga?

Hari ubwoko butandukanye bwa pneumonite bitewe n'impamvu. Reka turebe bumwe mu bwoko bw'ingenzi:

• Igihaha cyo mu bwoko bwa Acute Interstitial Pneumonite: Ibi bitangira mu buryo butunguranye kandi ibimenyetso birushaho kwiyongera vuba cyane. Abaganga ntibaramenya impamvu nyayo.
• Indwara ya Chimique Pneumonite: Ibi biterwa no guhumeka imiti (`(ihumeka)`) dukoresha buri munsi, cyangwa duhura nayo mu kazi. Urugero, imiti ikoreshwa mu bipimo bimwe na bimwe, imyuka ya chlorine, imiti yica udukoko, lisansi, n'umwotsi.
• Hypersensitivity Pneumonite: Ibi bimeze nk'allergie. Biterwa no guhumeka antigens, nka bagiteri, umukungugu, imyumbati, n'uduce duto (dander) duturuka ku ruhu, ubwoya cyangwa ubwoya bw'inyamaswa.
• Igihaha cy'imirasire:Iyi ndwara ishobora kubaho nyuma yo kuvurwa kanseri hakoreshejwe imirasire.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'indwara y'umusonga?

Mu ntangiriro, ibimenyetso bya pneumonite bishobora gusa n'iby'ibicurane bisanzwe. Muri byo harimo:

• Kugorwa no guhumeka (Dyspnea). Ushobora kumva uhumeka nabi.
• Kubabara mu gituza.
• Inkorora yumye idafite amabyi.

Uretse ibi, hari n'ibindi bimenyetso bishobora kugaragara:

• Umunaniro.
• Umuriro.
• Uruhu rutukura.
• Kubira ibyuya.

Ariko, ku bijyanye n'indwara y'umusonga idakira, ibimenyetso nk'ibi bishobora kugaragara:

• Guhumeka mu buryo bugufi kandi buto.
• Guhinduka kw'ibara ry'ubururu bw'uruhu (Cyanosis). Ibi bibaho iyo umubiri utabonye ogisijeni ihagije.
• Kugabanya ibiro utabigambiriye.

Ni izihe mpamvu zitera indwara y'ibihaha (pneumonia)?

Hari impamvu nyinshi zishobora gutera indwara ya pneumonite. Reka turebe zimwe mu mpamvu zikunze kugaragara:

• Inyamaswa: Allergens ziboneka mu bwoya bw'inyamaswa, mu bwoya bw'inyamaswa, no ku ruhu zishobora gutera ububabare bw'ibihaha. Abantu bakora mu mirima, ndetse n'abaganga b'amatungo n'abashinzwe ubworozi bw'inyamaswa, bari mu kaga.
• Bagiteri: Hari ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa bagiteri, cyane cyane iziboneka ahantu hahurira ubushuhe, nko muri sisitemu zikonjesha, mu byuma bitanga ubushuhe, no mu bwogero bushyuha, zishobora gukura no kwinjira mu mwuka duhumeka.
• Imiti n'imiti: Hari imiti ishobora gutera ibi. Urugero, harimo aspirine, imiti imwe n'imwe igabanya ubukana bw'indwara (urugero: sulfonamides, nitrofurantoin), imiti imwe n'imwe ivura umutima (urugero: amiodarone), n'imiti ivura indwara ya chimiotherapie.
• Ibihumyo: Iyi ndwara ishobora kandi guterwa no guhumeka ibihumyo bikura ku bintu nk'ibyatsi, ibinyampeke byumye, foromaje, ibihumyo, n'ibiti by'ibisheke. Ibi bihumyo biboneka mu mazu ashaje kandi atose n'ahantu ibitabo birundanyirijwe.
• Ubuvuzi bushingiye ku mirasire: Iyi ndwara ishobora kubaho nyuma yo kuvurwa hakoreshejwe imirasire umubiri wose cyangwa agace k'igituza mu gihe cyo kuvura ubwoko bumwe na bumwe bwa kanseri, nka kanseri y'ibere na kanseri y'ibihaha.

Ese iyi ndwara ya pneumonite yandura?

Oya, indwara ya pneumonite si indwara yandura . Ariko, virusi zimwe na zimwe cyangwa bagiteri zimwe na zimwe ziyitera zishobora gukwirakwira mu bantu. Ariko, ububyimbirwe bugaragara mu bihaha ntabwo bwanduzanya.

Ni nde ufite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara indwara ya pneumonite?

Umuntu wese ashobora kurwara pneumonite, ariko uri mu kaga gakomeye gato niba ukora muri ibi bikurikira:

• Abantu bakorana n'amatungo (abahinzi, abaganga b'amatungo, abahinzi bo muri pariki, abagurisha amatungo).
• Abantu bakora mu mirima ikora imiti yica udukoko cyangwa ibinyampeke n'ibyatsi byuzuye ububobere.
• Abantu bakora mu nganda zikora ifu, mu nganda zikora impapuro, no mu nganda zikora imbaho.

Nanone, niba ukoresha icyuma gishyushya amazi mu rugo cyangwa ukamarana umwanya mu bwogero bushyushye, iyo bidasukuwe neza, ibihumyo na bagiteri bishobora gukura kandi guhumeka umwuka uva muri byo byongera ibyago byo kurwara indwara ya pneumonite.

Ni izihe ngorane zishobora guterwa n'indwara ya pneumonite?

Kumara igihe kirekire uhuye n'impamvu zitera indwara ya pneumonite bishobora gutera kwangirika gukomeye kandi kudasubirwaho kw'ibihaha . Iby'ingenzi ni ibi bikurikira:

• Indwara ya fibrosis y'ibihaha: Iyi ni indwara aho ibihaha bihinduka inkovu buhoro buhoro. Ibi bishobora gutuma guhumeka bigorana cyane ndetse bigatera n'urupfu.
• Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso mu bihaha: Ibi bibaho iyo umuvuduko w'amaraso (hypertension) mu mitsi itwara amaraso mu mutima wawe ikayajyana mu bihaha wiyongera.

Ibuka: Izi ngorane zishobora gushyira ubuzima mu kaga, niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa gusuzuma no kuvura indwara hakiri kare.

Iyi ndwara ya pneumonite ipimwa ite?

Muganga ashobora gusuzuma indwara ya pneumonite. Azakubaza ibimenyetso byawe, afate amateka y'ubuzima bwawe, kandi atege amatwi ibihaha byawe akoresheje stethoscope (`(auscultation)`). Byongeye kandi, bashobora gukora ibindi bipimo byinshi kugira ngo bemeze ko barwaye.

Ni ibihe bizamini biri gukorwa kuri ibi?

Kugira ngo wemeze ko ufite indwara ya pneumonite, muganga wawe ashobora gutegeka ibipimo bikurikira:

• Ikizamini cy'amaraso aterwa n'ubwivumbure: Ikizamini cy'amaraso yawe kirafatwa kigapimwa kugira ngo harebwe niba yagira ingaruka ku bintu bimwe na bimwe bishobora gutuma umuntu arwara ubwivumbure.
• Bronchoscopy: Urakorerwa umuti woroshye hanyuma igikoresho gito kandi cyoroshye (bronchoscope) kirimo kamera gishyirwa mu kanwa cyangwa mu mazuru kugira ngo usuzume ibihaha byawe.
• Ibizamini byo Gupima: Ibi ni ibizamini bidatera ububabare. Bishobora gukorwa hakoreshejwe X-ray yo mu gituza cyangwa CT scan.
• Gupima ibihaha: Uburyo bwo kubaga kugira ngo hakorwe uduce duto tw’umubiri mu bihaha kugira ngo bisuzumwe.
• Ibizamini by'imikorere y'ibihaha: Ibi bipima umubare w'umwuka uhumeka ku munota (umuvuduko w'ubuhumekero), ingano y'umwuka winjira n'usohoka mu bihaha byawe.
• Oximetri y'imitsi (Inka y'imitsi):Agakoresho gato gafata ku rutoki rwawe gapima ingano ya ogisijeni mu maraso yawe.

Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kuvura indwara ya pneumonite?

Niba urwaye indwara ya pneumonite, uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura ni ukwirinda ibintu biyitera . Byongeye kandi, muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gukoresha imiti cyangwa uburyo bwo kuvura nka:

• Corticosteroids cyangwa imiti igabanya ubukana bw'umubiri: Iyi miti igabanya ububyimbirwe mu bihaha. Urugero, imiti nka `(prednisone)`, `(mycophenolate)`, cyangwa `(azathioprine)` ishobora gutangwa.
• Imiti igabanya inkovu mu bihaha: Iyi igabanya inkovu mu bihaha. Imiti nka `(pirfenidone)` cyangwa `(nintedanib)` irashobora gutangwa.
• Kuvugurura ibihaha: Muri ibi, ukorana na muganga kugira ngo ukore gahunda yo gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri kugira ngo wongere imbaraga z'ibihaha byawe.
• Ubuvuzi bwa ogisijeni: Ibi bifasha gutanga ogisijeni mu mubiri iyo guhumeka bigoye. Ogisijeni ishobora gutangwa igihe cyose, cyangwa mu bihe bimwe na bimwe, nko mu gihe cy'imyitozo ngororamubiri cyangwa mu gihe usinziriye.
• Gutera ibihaha: Iyo indwara ya pneumonite ikomeye ikagera ku ndwara nka fibrosis y'ibihaha, abaganga bashobora kubagira inama yo gukuraho kimwe cyangwa byombi byangiritse no gutera igihaha gishya gishya.

Nzumva meze neza vuba gute nyuma yo kuvurwa?

Biterwa cyane n'icyateye indwara y'ibihaha n'ubukana bwayo. Bishobora gufata amezi menshi kugira ngo ibihaha byawe bikire. Hari ubwo kwangirika kw'ibihaha byawe bishobora kuba burundu .

Ese indwara ya Pneumonite ishobora kwirindwa?

Yego, uburyo bwiza bwo kugabanya ibyago byo kurwara indwara ya pneumonite ni ukwirinda ibintu bitera kubyimba mu bihaha uko bishoboka kose . Niba ugomba guhura n'ibintu nk'ibyo, ushobora gukora ibi bikurikira:

• Ambara ibikoresho byo kwirinda (PPE) , cyane cyane agapfukamunwa ko mu bwoko bwa N95, kugira ngo wirinde guhumeka uduce twangiza mu kirere.
• Sukura kandi wica udukoko nk'ibikoresho bikonjesha, ubwogero bushyuha, n'ibikoresho bitanga ubushuhe buri gihe .
• Sukura amatapi n'amatapi buri gihe ukoresheje icyuma gisukura kugira ngo ukureho ivumbi n'ubwoya bw'inyamaswa.
• Gukoresha akayunguruzo k'umwuka gakoresha ubushobozi bwinshi (HEPA) mu rugo bishobora gufasha gukuraho ibintu bishobora gutera ubwivumbure mu kirere.

Bigenda bite iyo urwaye indwara ya pneumonite?

Iyo igaragaye hakiri kare kandi ikavurwa neza, pneumonite ishobora guhinduka burundu. Iyo ufite pneumonite ikabije, ibimenyetso byawe bishobora kugenda mu minsi mike nyuma yo gukuraho icyayiteye mu bidukikije.

Indwara zo mu mutwe zikunze guterwa no kumara igihe kinini umuntu ahura n’ibintu byangiza bike. Ibimenyetso bishobora kumara amezi menshi bigasaba kuvurwa.

Ariko, ibyangiritse biterwa n'indwara y'umusonga idakira akenshi biba ari ibya burundu . Ariko, imiti n'imiti bishobora kugabanya ubukana bw'ibimenyetso.

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati ya Pneumonite na Pneumonia?

Iki ni ikintu gitera urujijo abantu benshi. Reka turebe itandukaniro riri hagati y'ibyo byombi:

• Umusonga: Iyi ni indwara yo kubyimba kw'ibihaha idafite ubwandu . Iyi ndwara igira ingaruka ku nkuta z'imiyoboro y'amazi, ariko nta mazi cyangwa amashyira bibaho. Umusonga utera inkorora yumye .
• Umusonga: Iyi ni indwara iterwa na bagiteri, virusi, cyangwa fungal mu bihaha. Iyi nayo ni ubwoko bwa pneumonite, ariko muri iki gihe, hamwe no kubyimba, amazi cyangwa amashyira yirundanya mu bice by'ibihaha. Ibi bishobora gutera inkorora itera inkorora y'umuhondo, icyatsi kibisi cyangwa amaraso (inkorora itose) .

Hanyuma, ibintu bike byo kwibuka (Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Umusonga ni ukubyimba kw'imitsi y'ibihaha. Kumara igihe kirekire ureba ibintu bibitera bishobora kwangiza ibihaha cyane. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane kujya kwa muganga vuba ibimenyetso bikimara kugaragara . Ibi bishobora gukumira kwangirika gukomeye. Muganga wawe ashobora gukora ibizamini, akamenya ubukana bw'indwara yawe, akagufasha kugabanya ibimenyetso no koroshya guhumeka.

Niba usanze urwaye indwara ya pneumonite, ntukibagirwe kwirinda ibintu biyitera, gufata imiti yandikiwe na muganga, no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri yo guhumeka nk'uko muganga akubwira. Baza muganga wawe ibi bintu:

• Kuki narwaye indwara y'ibihaha (pneumonia)?
• Mfite indwara ikabije cyangwa ihoraho?
• Ni ubuhe buryo bwiza bwo kwirinda ibintu bibitera?
• Ese ibihaha byanjye byangiritse burundu?
• Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'umuti utanga?
• Bizantwara igihe kingana iki kugira ngo numve meze neza?
• Ni ryari ngomba kugaruka gukora ikizamini?
• Ese nkwiye kubonana n'umuganga w'indwara z'ibihaha?

Niba wumva udashobora guhumeka, jya ku bitaro biri hafi yawe cyangwa uhamagare nimero y'ubutabazi ako kanya .

` Umusonga, Umusonga, Kubyimba ibihaha, Kugorwa no guhumeka, Indwara zo guhumeka, Allergie, Indwara z'ibihaha