Tekereza ko wakoze imibonano mpuzabitsina idakingiye, cyangwa ufite amakenga make ko ushobora kuba waranduye virusi itera SIDA mu bundi buryo. Ni ibisanzwe kumva ufite ubwoba bwinshi n'impungenge mu gihe nk'iki. Ariko ntugatinye. Hari uburyo bwihariye bwo kuvura bushobora gukumira ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA mu gihe nk'iki cyihutirwa. Ibyo turimo kubivugaho uyu munsi.
Mu magambo make, PEP ni iki?
Igisobanuro cyuzuye cya PEP ni Ukwirinda Guhura n'Ikibazo Nyuma yo Guhura n'Ikibazo . Mu rurimi rwa Sinhala, bivuze uburyo bwo kwirinda bufatwa nyuma yo kwandura indwara yanduza. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane iyo bigeze ku cyorezo cya SIDA.
Muri make, PEP ni umuti utangwa kugira ngo wirinde kwandura mu mubiri niba hari ukeka ko ushobora kuba waranduye virusi itera SIDA. Uyu ni umuti umwe cyangwa myinshi. Uyu muti ugomba gufatwa buri munsi mu gihe cy'iminsi 28 .
Igikuru ni uko kugira ngo ubu buryo bwo kuvura bugire akamaro, ugomba gutangira gufata uyu muti mu masaha 72 (iminsi itatu) uhereye igihe utekereje ko wanduye virusi itera SIDA. Uko utangira vuba, ni ko umusaruro uba mwiza.
Guhura n'agakoko gatera SIDA ni ikibazo cyihutirwa cy'ubuvuzi . Kubwibyo, niba utekereza ko ushobora kuba warahuye n'agakoko gatera SIDA binyuze mu mibonano mpuzabitsina, ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gitsina, gusangira inshinge zo gutera inshinge, cyangwa gukomereka kw'inshinge ku kazi, jya ku biro byita ku butabazi bw'ibanze by'ibitaro biri hafi yawe (ETU).
Ariko ibuka ikintu kimwe. PEP ni ikoreshwa mu buryo bwihutirwa gusa. Ntishobora gukoreshwa nk'uburinzi bw'igihe kirekire ku muntu uri mu kaga gakomeye ko kwandura agakoko gatera SIDA. Niba uri mu kaga gakomeye, vugana na muganga wawe ku buryo bwo kwirinda igihe kirekire bwitwa PrEP (Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis).
Ni iki kibaho mbere yuko PEP itangira?
Mbere cyangwa ukimara gutangira imiti ya PEP, muganga wawe azafata icyemezo cyo kugukorera ibizamini bimwe na bimwe. Kuri ibi, ushobora gufata ingero nk'amaraso n'inkari. Ibi bizamini bikorwa kugira ngo hamenyekane ubwoko nyabwo n'ingano y'imiti ugomba guhabwa.
Ubusanzwe, ibintu nk'ibi biragenzurwa:
- Suzuma kugira ngo urebe niba waramaze kwandura agakoko gatera SIDA.
- Ese hari ubwandu bwa virusi ya hepatite B na hepatite C?
- Emeza niba utwite.
- Genzura niba impyiko zawe n'umwijima bikora neza.
Hashingiwe ku bisubizo by'ibi bizamini, muganga wawe azakwandikira umuti wa PEP ukubereye kandi wizewe kurusha iyindi.
Ese upima izindi ndwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina?
Yego. Kuko no gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina rimwe gusa bishobora kwanduzanya indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina nyinshi icyarimwe. Rero bitewe n'uburyo wahuye nabyo, muganga wawe ashobora no kugupima cyangwa akakuvura izindi ndwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina. Urugero:
- Gonorrhea
- Chlamydia
- Trichomoniasis
Uburyo bwo kuvura PEP bukora bute?
Imiti ikoreshwa mu kuvura PEP yitwa imiti igabanya ubukana bw'agakoko gatera SIDA . Iyi ni yo miti ikoreshwa mu kuvura agakoko gatera SIDA. Icyo iyi miti ikora ni cyoroshye cyane. Ibuza agakoko gatera SIDA kwikora, kwitandukanya no gukwirakwira mu mubiri wawe.
Tekereza nk'umujura. Uwo mujura aza mu nzu yawe yitwa umubiri wawe maze agerageza kurema abandi bajura benshi nka we. Ibiyobyabwenge bya PEP bikora mu gufunga inzugi no gushyiraho inzitizi kugira ngo umujura atabasha kurema abandi bajura.
Ubwoko butandukanye bw'imiti bukora mu buryo butandukanye kugira ngo busenye izi mbogamizi. Rero iyo uvanze ubwoko butandukanye bw'imiti, amahirwe yo kurokoka virusi aragabanuka cyane. Ubuvuzi burushaho kugira ingaruka nziza.
Iyo dutangiye gufata iyi miti irwanya virusi hakiri kare , dushobora guhagarika virusi itera SIDA kuba ubwandu buhoraho mu mubiri wawe (ubwandu budakira). Iyo ubwandu bumaze kugaragara, imiti ntishobora kubukuraho burundu, ahubwo ishobora kubugenzura gusa. Intego ya PEP ni uguhagarika virusi mbere yuko igera aho.
Ni iyihe miti ikoreshwa kuri PEP?
Abaganga batanga imiti irwanya virusi ivangwa na PEP. Iyi miti ifatwa nk'ibinini. Imiti ikunze gukoreshwa igaragara mu mbonerahamwe iri hepfo.
| Ihuriro ry'ibanze | Indi miti |
|---|---|
Emtricitabine na Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (FTC/TDF) - (Truvada®) Cyangwa Emtricitabine na Tenofovir alafenamide (FTC/TAF) - (Descovy®) | Raltegravir/RAL (Isentress®) |
| Dolutegravir/DTG (Tivicay™) | |
| Ihuriro rya Darunavir / DRV (Prezista®) na Ritonavir / RTV (Norvir®) cyangwa Cobicistat / COBI |
Bitewe n'ubwoko bw'umuti, ushobora kuwufata rimwe cyangwa kabiri ku munsi. Kubwibyo, mbere yo gutangira PEP, banza ubaze muganga wawe amasaha n'uburyo bwo gufata umuti. Muganga wawe ashobora kandi guhindura ubwoko cyangwa ingano y'iyi miti bitewe n'izindi ndwara ufite.
Uburyo bwo kuvura PEP bufite akamaro kangana iki? Kuki bushobora kunanirana?
Ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko imiti ya PEP, iyo ifashwe neza, ishobora kugabanya ibyago byo kwandura agakoko gatera SIDA ku kigero kirenga 80% . Iyo ni intsinzi ikomeye.
Ariko, rimwe na rimwe ubu buryo bwo kuvura bushobora kutagenda neza nkuko byari byitezwe. Hari impamvu nyinshi zibitera. Reka turebe izo ari zo.
| Impamvu yo gutsindwa | Bisobanuwe mu buryo bworoshye |
|---|---|
| Gutinda gutangira kuvurwa | Iyo bitangiye nyuma y'amasaha 72 nyuma yo kwandura, virusi ishobora kuba yaratangiye guhagarara mu mubiri. |
| Gusiba ingero z'imiti | Iyo udafashe umuti ku gihe gikwiye buri munsi, ubwinshi bw'umuti mu mubiri bugabanuka, bigatuma virusi yongera gukora. |
| Kutarangiza iminsi 28 | Iyo utarangije icyiciro cyose, virusi ishobora kudafatwa neza kandi ishobora kongera kugaragara. |
| Kongera kwigaragaza | Niba wongeye guhura n'agakoko gatera SIDA utarinze gufata PEP, intsinzi y'ubuvuzi izagabanuka. |
| Virusi idashobora imiti | Ni gake cyane, ubwoko bwa virusi itera SIDA wahuye nabwo bushobora kuba budashobora kwangizwa n'imiti itangwa na PEP. |
Ese hari ingaruka mbi ziterwa no kuvurwa na PEP?
PEP si uburyo bwo kuvura bukunze gutera ingaruka mbi zikomeye. Ariko, hari abantu bashobora kugira ububabare buke. Ubusanzwe ibi bigabanuka mu minsi mike.
Ingaruka mbi zikunze kugaragara ni izi:
- Kumva unaniwe (Umunaniro)
- Isesemi
- Kuruka
- Impiswi
- Kuribwa umutwe
Niba ubonye kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso, vugana na muganga wawe. Akenshi, ibi bishobora koroherwa n'imiti yoroshye. Ntugafate umuti uwo ari wo wose utabanje kugisha inama muganga wawe.
Nkwiye kujya he niba nkeneye PEP?
Iki ni cyo gice cy'ingenzi cyane. Guhura n'ubwandu bwa virusi itera SIDA ni ikibazo cyihutirwa cy'ubuvuzi. Ntugapfushe ubusa ahubwo ushake inama kwa muganga ako kanya. Hari ahantu henshi ushobora kujya.
1. Ishami rishinzwe ubuvuzi bwihutirwa (ETU) ku bitaro biri hafi: Ubu ni bwo buryo bwiza kandi bwihuse. Jya kuri ETU y'ibitaro bya leta byose usobanure uko umerewe, aho ushobora kubona ubuvuzi bw'ibanze n'inama ukeneye.
2. Ivuriro ry’Ubuzima bw’Imibonano mpuzabitsina: Hari amavuriro y’indwara zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina aherereye mu bitaro bikomeye muri Sri Lanka. Ushobora kubona inama n’ubuvuzi ukeneye muri ayo mavuriro mu gihe ukomeza kugira ibanga rikomeye.
3. Umuganga w'umuryango wawe: Umuganga w'umuryango wawe nawe ashobora kukubwira ibi. Ariko, rimwe na rimwe iyo adafite uburambe buhagije muri ibi, ashobora kukwohereza kwa ETU cyangwa inzobere.
Aho ujya hose, vuga neza uti : "Ndakeka ko nahuye n'agakoko gatera SIDA, kandi ndashaka kumenya ibijyanye n'ubuvuzi bwa PEP." Nanone vuga ko ari ikibazo cyihutirwa.
Ni iki kibaho nyuma yo kuvurwa na PEP?
Nyuma yo kurangiza iminsi 28 yo kuvurwa na PEP, akazi kawe ntikarangira. Uzakenera gukora ibindi bipimo byinshi bya virusi itera SIDA kugira ngo umenye neza ko utarandura virusi itera SIDA.
Ubusanzwe,
- Mu byumweru 4-6 uhereye igihe umuntu yahuye n'ikibazo
- Ku byumweru 12 (mu mezi 3)
- Ku byumweru 24 (mu mezi 6)
Muganga akugira inama yo kongera kwipimisha buri gihe. Ni ngombwa cyane gukora ibi bizamini byose kugira ngo umenye neza ko nta bwandu ufite.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- PEP ni uburyo bwihutirwa bwo kuvura butangwa kugira ngo hirindwe kwandura nyuma yo kwandura virusi itera SIDA.
- Kugira ngo ubone umusaruro mwiza, ubu buvuzi bugomba gutangira mu masaha 72 (iminsi 3) uhereye igihe umuntu yahuye n'iki cyorezo.
- Iyi ni imiti y'iminsi 28 , igomba gukorwa uko byateganyijwe, nta munsi n'umwe usimbutse.
- Niba ukeka ko wanduye virusi itera SIDA, ntugire isoni cyangwa ngo ugire ubwoba, ahubwo jya ku bitaro bikuru byita ku barwayi ba ETU cyangwa urebe muganga.
- PEP ntabwo ari uburyo bwo kwirinda nk'udukingirizo. Ni uburyo bwo kwirinda indwara zihutirwa gusa.
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