Ese rimwe na rimwe wumva ufite umwuka ubura? Cyangwa ufite ikibazo mu gituza cyangwa inkorora idashira? Ibi bintu bishobora kuba ibimenyetso by'ikibazo mu bihaha byawe. Niba muganga wawe ashaka kumenya neza uko ibihaha byawe bikora, hari ikizamini cyoroshye kandi kidababaza ashobora kugusaba gukora. Ibyo ni byo twita Ibipimo by'Imikorere y'Ibihaha (PFTs) .
Mu magambo make, ikizamini cy'imikorere y'ibihaha (PFT) ni iki?
Tekereza nko kujyana imodoka yawe mu kigo gitanga serivisi kugira ngo urebe niba moteri ikora neza. PFT ni itsinda ry'ibizamini bipima uburyo 'moteri' yitwa ibihaha byacu ikora neza, uburyo duhumeka kandi tugasohora umwuka neza. Hari n'abantu babyita 'Ibipimo by'Imikorere y'Ibihaha'.
Ibi bizamini byibanda ahanini kuri ibi bikurikira:
- Ushobora guhumeka no gusohora umwuka vuba gute kandi ni mu rugero rungana iki?
- Ibihaha byawe bishobora kubika umwuka ungana iki?
- Ni gute ibihaha byawe byinjiza umwuka wa ogisijeni mu maraso yawe?
- Hari n'igihe bareba uburyo ibihaha byawe byitwara iyo ukora siporo.
Igikuru ni uko ibi bizamini bitababaza na gato. Kandi si ibizamini bidatera indwara birimo gushyira kamera cyangwa ibindi bikoresho mu mubiri. Bityo rero nta mpamvu yo gutinya.
Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ingenzi bwa PFTs?
PFT si ikizamini kimwe, ahubwo ni uruvange rw'ibizamini byinshi. Bitewe n'ibimenyetso byawe n'icyo muganga wawe ashaka, kimwe cyangwa byinshi muri ibi bizamini bishobora gukorwa.
| Izina ry'ikizamini | Ni iki gipimwa gusa? |
|---|---|
| Spirometry | Iki ni cyo kizamini gikunze gukoreshwa cyane. Gipima ingano y'umwuka ushobora guhumeka no gusohora, ndetse n'umuvuduko ushobora gusohora. |
| Ingano y'ibihaha cyangwa Plethysmography y'umubiri | Ingano yose y'umwuka mu bihaha byawe ipimwa mu byiciro bitandukanye byo guhumeka no gusohora umwuka. Ibi bikorwa wicaye mu cyumba gito cy'ikirahure. |
| Inyigo ku gukwirakwiza gaze | Ipima uburyo imyuka, nka ogisijeni, iva mu bihaha byawe ijya mu maraso yawe. |
| Ikizamini cy'imyitozo ngororamubiri y'umutima n'ibihaha (CPET) | Ipima uburyo umutima wawe, ibihaha, n'imitsi bikorana iyo ukora imyitozo ngororamubiri (nk'uko bigenda ku igare ryo gutemberamo). |
Ni mu bihe bidasanzwe muganga yakubwira gukora PFT?
Muganga wawe ashobora kukugira inama yo gupima iki kizamini niba ufite ibimenyetso cyangwa ukeka ko hari ikibazo cy’uburwayi ufite. Bishobora kandi gukorwa nk'igice cy'isuzuma rya buri gihe rya muganga, nubwo nta bimenyetso ufite.
Niba ufite ibimenyetso nk'ibi...
- Niba wumva igituza cyawe gifunze, kibabara, cyangwa gitutu.
- Inkorora idakira, cyane cyane iyo ari inkorora itera amacandwe.
- Niba bigoye guhumeka cyane.
- Niba ufite ikibazo cyo guhumeka nabi.
- Niba wumvise urusaku rw'ifirimbi (guhumeka) igihe uhumeka.
Menya cyangwa ukurikirane ubwo bwoko bw'indwara...
Ibipimo bya PFT bishobora gufasha cyane muganga wawe gusuzuma indwara nka:
- Asima
- Indwara y'ibihaha idakira (COPD)
- Fibrosisi y'ibihaha ( kubyimba kw'ibihaha)
- Intege nke z'imitsi yo guhumeka
- Kugabanuka k'umuyoboro w'amaraso
Byongeye kandi, ibizamini bya PFT bishobora gufasha gupima ibyangiritse ku bihaha by'umuntu unywa itabi, kureba uburyo imiti ifasha mu kongera guhumeka neza, no kumenya niba ibihaha byawe bishobora kwihanganira kubagwa bikomeye.
Ni gute nakwitegura mbere yo gukora ikizamini?
Ibi ntibisaba kwitegura cyane. Ariko, kugira ngo ubone ibisubizo nyabyo bivuye mu kizamini, muganga wawe ashobora kugusaba:
- Udukoresho two guhumeka cyangwa indi miti ukoresha mu gihe uhumeka nabiNiba ufite, irinde kubikoresha amasaha make mbere yo kwipimisha. Muganga wawe azaguha amabwiriza asobanutse neza kuri ibi.
- Ntukambare imyenda ifunganye kandi igabanya imbaraga , ahubwo wambare imyenda idafite ishingiro kandi ishimishije.
- Irinde gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri igoye umunsi umwe mbere cyangwa mu gitondo cy'ikizamini.
- Irinde kunywa itabi burundu mbere yo kwipimisha.
- Mbere yo kwipimisha , jya urya indyo yuzuye kandi wirinde kunywa ibinyobwa birimo kafeyine nk'icyayi na kawa.
Ni iki kibaho ku munsi w'ikizamini?
Iki kizamini gikunze gukorerwa muri laboratwari yihariye y’imikorere y’ibihaha mu bitaro cyangwa ku ivuriro. Gikorwa n’umuvuzi w’ubuhumekero wahawe amahugurwa yihariye kuri iyo ntego.
Mu gihe cy'ikizamini
1. Amakuru y'ibanze: Ubwa mbere, bazandika amakuru amwe akwerekeyeho, nk'uburebure bwawe, ibiro byawe, imyaka yawe, n'igitsina cyawe. Aya makuru arakenewe kugira ngo ugereranye ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi bwawe n'ikigereranyo cy'imyaka yawe n'uburebure bwawe.
2. Ibikoresho: Uzahabwa agapira gato ku mazuru yawe kugira ngo wimenyereze guhumeka ukoresheje umunwa wawe. Hanyuma uzahabwa agapira ko mu kanwa ushobora gufata mu kanwa kawe. Aka gafatanye n'imashini ipima guhumeka kwawe (spirometer).
3. Guhumeka: Hanyuma, umusuzuma azaguha amabwiriza y'uko wahumeka winjira kandi ugasohoka. Urugero, bazakubwira ibintu nk'ibi: "Fata umwuka mwinshi... noneho uhumeke vuba kandi cyane uko ushoboye kose!"
4. Isuzuma ry'umubiri: Niba ukoze ikizamini cya 'Body Plethysmography', uzashyirwa mu cyumba gitanga urumuri kandi gifunguye mu gihe cy'iminota mike. Niba utinya claustrophobia , menyesha umusuzuma mbere y'igihe. Bazagufasha kumva umerewe neza.
Ikizamini cyose gikunze kumara hagati y'iminota 15 na 45. Niba wumva unaniwe, tubwire. Uzahabwa amahirwe yo kuruhuka hagati y'ibice by'ikizamini.
Reka twige ku ngaruka zishobora kubaho ndetse na nyuma y'ikizamini.
Nyuma yo gupimwa, ushobora kongera gukoresha imiti yose wabwiwe guhagarika. Ushobora kandi gukomeza imirimo yawe isanzwe n'imyitozo ngororamubiri. Niba wumva umeze nk'ufite isereri cyangwa ubabaye mu gihe cyo gupimwa, bazagukurikirana kugeza ibimenyetso bishize hanyuma bakohereze mu rugo.
Hari ibyago?
Ikizamini cya PFT ni cyiza cyane. Ariko, hari abantu bashobora kumva bameze nk'abazunguza cyangwa bananiwe bitewe no guhumeka cyane no guhumeka umwuka. Bashobora kandi kugira inkorora nke bitewe no guhumeka cyane mu kanwa. Ibi bimenyetso byose bizashira nyuma y'igihe gito nyuma y'ikizamini.
Ni gake cyane, kandi ndavuga gake cyane, ikintu nk'ikihaha cyaguye (pneumothorax) gishobora kubaho. Niba uherutse kugira indwara y'umutima cyangwa indi ndwara y'umutima, ni ngombwa kubimenyesha muganga n'umuganga mbere y'igihe.
Ku bijyanye n'ibyavuye mu bushakashatsi
Uzabona ibisubizo byawe mu minsi mike. Muganga wawe azagereranya ibisubizo byawe n'ibipimo bisanzwe bijyanye n'imyaka yawe n'uburebure bwawe kugira ngo aguhe igitekerezo gisobanutse cy'uburyo ibihaha byawe bikora neza.
Icy'ingenzi: Iki kizamini si ikizamini cyo "gutsinda" cyangwa "gutsindwa". Niba ibisubizo byawe bitari byiza, ntibivuze ko "watsinzwe." Bivuze gusa ko muganga wawe ashobora gusuzuma indwara yawe no gutegura uburyo ukeneye bwo kuvura.
Niba mu minsi mike utarabona igisubizo cya muganga wawe, ntutindiganye kubaza muganga wawe ibyawe.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Ibizamini by'imikorere y'ibihaha (PFTs) ni urukurikirane rw'ibizamini byoroshye kandi bitababaza bipima uburyo ibihaha byawe bikora neza.
- Iki kizamini ni ingenzi mu gusuzuma no gukurikirana indwara z'ubuhumekero nka asima na COPD.
- Ni ngombwa cyane gukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga (nk'ukureka imiti, kwirinda kunywa itabi) mbere yo gupimwa kugira ngo ubone ibisubizo nyabyo.
- Ushobora kumva umeze nk'ufite isereri gato mu gihe cyo kwipimisha, ariko ibi ni ibisanzwe kandi bizashira vuba. Nta mpamvu yo guhangayika.
- Niba ubonye impinduka mu mikorere yawe yo guhumeka, nko gukorora guhoraho, hita ubonana na muganga wawe kugira ngo akugire inama.
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