Ese hari amaraso ava mu jisho ryawe? Reka twige ku bijyanye no kuva amaraso mu jisho!

Ese wigeze utekereza ko imitsi mito y'amaraso iri mu maso yacu ishobora guturika no kuva amaraso? Hari igihe ibi bishobora kubaho tutabizi. Uyu munsi tugiye kuvuga ku kibazo nk'iki, ari cyo kuva amaraso mu mitsi yo mu maso, cyangwa nk'uko tubyita mu buryo bw'ubuvuzi, `(kuva amaraso mu mitsi yo mu maso)`. Ntugahangayike, tuzasobanura byose kuri ibi mu magambo yoroshye.

Kuva amaraso mu jisho (retinal vacation) ni iki?

Muri make, kuva amaraso mu jisho ni ukuva amaraso muri retina, igice cy'ijisho ryawe. Retina ni nk'agapira kari muri kamera, aho amashusho tubona afatwa. Uku kuva amaraso bibaho iyo imitsi yoroheje y'amaraso muri retina yangiritse.

Ibi bishobora kubaho iyo ukubise umutwe wawe cyane, cyangwa bigaterwa n'indwara zimwe na zimwe zifata amaso, cyangwa indwara zifata imitsi y'amaraso. Akenshi, iyi ndwara ifata ijisho rimwe gusa (tubyita `kuva amaraso mu jisho rimwe`). Ariko, ni gake cyane, ishobora kuba ku maso yombi icyarimwe (tubyita `kuva amaraso mu jisho rimwe`).

Tekereza, hari abantu bava amaraso mu maso muri ubu buryo kandi nta bimenyetso bafite. Ntibazi ko byabaye. Ariko, abandi bashobora guta ubwenge. Kuba ibi byangiritse burundu cyangwa bitabaho biterwa n'icyateye kuva amaraso n'ingano y'amaraso yatakaye.

Uburyo bwo kuvura buratandukanye bitewe n’impamvu. Kenshi na kenshi, kuva amaraso make ntibisaba ubuvuzi bwihariye. Ariko, niba amaso yawe yangiritse cyangwa hari ibyago byo kutabona burundu , ushobora gukenera guterwa inshinge, kuvurwa hakoreshejwe laser, cyangwa kubagwa.

Niba ubonye impinduka mu maso yawe cyangwa mu kureba kwawe, hita ubonana na muganga w’amaso. Niba uhita utakaza amaso mu jisho rimwe cyangwa yombi, ugomba guhita ujya mu cyumba cy’ubutabazi bw’ibanze.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'amaraso ava mu mitsi yo mu jisho?

Inzobere mu by'amaso izashyira uku kuva amaraso mu byiciro hakurikijwe aho byabereye muri retina. Hari igihe bishobora kandi gushyirwa mu byiciro hakurikijwe imiterere yako. Hari igihe uku kuva amaraso bishobora kugira ingaruka ku bice byinshi bya retina (`multilayered retinal hemorrhage`).

Izi ni zimwe mu moko y'ingenzi agaragara:

• Kuva amaraso mu nda y'umura: Ibi ni amarira cyangwa imvune mu ngirangingo y'ijisho. Hari igihe byitwa "kuva amaraso mu nda y'umura" kuko bisa n'utudomo cyangwa utudomo.
• Kuva amaraso mu gice cy'imitsi yo mu bwonko cya retinal:Urusobe rw'imitsi y'amatwi (RNFL) ni urusobe rw'uturemangingo tw'imitsi duhuza retina n'imitsi y'amatwi. Ubwoko bw'amaraso atera RNFL burimo amaraso y'umuriro (asa n'umuriro), amaraso y'amatwi (asa n'uduce tw'ibiti), n'amaraso y'amatwi (asa n'uduce tw'ibiti).
• Kuva amaraso mbere yo kuva: Ibi biterwa no gucika kw'urukiramende rutandukanya umwobo wa vitreous na retina. Rimwe na rimwe byitwa imiterere y'ubwato cyangwa D kuko bigaragara nk'imiterere y'ubwato cyangwa "D".
• Kuva amaraso mu maso: Imbere mu maso hacu huzuyemo ikintu gisa na gel gikozwe mu mazi na kolajeni. Byitwa gel ya vitreous. Iyi ndwara ibaho iyo amaraso ava muri retina ajya mu mwobo urimo iyi vitreous.

Ni nde ufite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara indwara yo kuva amaraso mu mitsi yo mu jisho?

Iyi ndwara ishobora kuba kuri buri wese. Ariko, abantu bafite indwara zimwe na zimwe bashobora kuyirwara. Urugero:

• Kolesteroli nyinshi mu maraso (hyperlipidemia)
• Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso (hypertension)
• Kugabanya no gukomera kw'imitsi (atherosclerosis)
• Diyabete (`Diabete Mellitus`)
• Kwangirika kw'amagufwa y'amaso

Izi ngaruka ziba nyinshi ku bantu bakoresha imiti igabanya amaraso (urugero: aspirine cyangwa warfarin).

Ntutangare, abana bavutse bashobora kugira iyi ndwara rimwe na rimwe. Hafi kimwe cya kabiri cy'abana bavutse binyuze mu buryo bwo kubyara bufashijwe, nko gukuramo umwuka cyangwa gutanga forceps, bashobora kugira amaraso menshi mu jisho igihe bavuka.

Abantu barengeje imyaka 40 bafite amahirwe menshi yo kurwara iyi ndwara bitewe n'ibibazo by'amaso bikunze kugaragara iyo umuntu ashaje.

Ni ibihe bimenyetso by'amaraso yo mu mitsi yo mu jisho?

Abantu benshi bafite iyi ndwara ariko nta bimenyetso na bimwe bagaragaza.

Ariko, niba ugaragaje ibimenyetso, ushobora kubona impinduka mu maso yawe. Ibimenyetso bikunze kugaragara ni ibi bikurikira:

• Gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kureba butunguranye.
• Kubona nabi buhoro buhoro cyangwa kugabanuka buhoro buhoro.
• Kugaragara kw'ibizinga bitagaragara mu maso.
• Uduce twijimye cyangwa uduce duto mu maso.
• Kubona amatara (akayangana) cyangwa kumva nk'ibintu (biri mu kirere) imbere y'amaso.

Ni izihe mpamvu zitera kuva amaraso mu mitsi yo mu nda?

Ibi ahanini biterwa no kwangirika kw'amaso cyangwa imitsi y'amaraso igihe kirekire, cyangwa no gukomereka gutunguranye (ihungabana). Impamvu zikunze kugaragara ni izi:

• Ihungabana.
• Indwara z'imitsi (indwara zigira ingaruka ku mitsi yawe).
• Indwara z'ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri.

Byongeye kandi, indwara nka kanseri y'amaraso n'indwara nka bagiteri endocarditis nabyo bishobora gutera ibi. Ku bantu barengeje imyaka 40, iyi ndwara ishobora no guterwa n'indwara z'amaso ziterwa n'izabukuru nko kwangirika kw'amaso.

Nubwo waba uzi ko ufite imwe muri izi ndwara, ntugatekereze ko uzava amaraso mu mitsi yo mu jisho. Nanone, iyi ndwara ishobora kubaho nubwo waba utazi ko ufite imwe muri izi ndwara.

Niyo mpamvu ari ingenzi cyane kwisuzumisha kwa muganga buri gihe kugira ngo ubashe kumenya hakiri kare ibimenyetso by'indwara ishobora gutera kuva amaraso mu jisho mu gihe kizaza.

Ni iki kibaho bitewe n'ihungabana?

Hari ubwoko bwinshi bw'imvune zitera ibi:

• Ibikomere by'amaso: Ibikomere byose ku mutwe cyangwa amaso bishobora kwangiza imiyoboro y'amaraso iri muri retina.
• Indwara yo Kunyeganyeza Umwana: Kunyeganyeza umwana cyangwa umwana muto bishobora gutera kuva amaraso mu bwonko bwe no mu jisho. Ibi ni bibi cyane, bityo irinde kunyeganyeza abana bato.
• Indwara yo mu misozi miremire: Iyo ugiye ahantu hanini cyane, umuvuduko w'amaso yawe ushobora guhinduka bigatuma amaraso ava mu maso. Ibi bishobora no kuba ku bakora scuba rouge baturutse mu mazi maremare.
• Uburozi bwa monoksade karubone (CO): Ibi bibaho iyo uhumeka imyuka irimo monoksade karubone (CO). Guhumeka CO nyinshi, nubwo byaba mu minota mike, bishobora kugutera kurwara cyane cyangwa se no gupfa.

Ni iki kibaho bitewe n'indwara z'imitsi?

Kuva amaraso mu mitsi yo mu maraso bishobora guterwa n'indwara zangiza cyangwa zigafunga imitsi y'amaraso yawe. Izi ndwara zirakomeye cyane kuko akenshi zitagaragaza ibimenyetso kugeza igihe habayeho ingorane. Indwara zikunze kugaragara mu mitsi y'amaraso zitera kuva amaraso mu mitsi yo mu maraso ni izi:

• Umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso (Hypertension)
• Kolesteroli nyinshi
• Gufunga imitsi yo mu maraso (RVOs)
• Preeclampsia nyuma yo kubyara
• Anemia

Ni iki kibaho bitewe n'indwara z'ubwiyongere bw'umubiri?

Indwara z’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri ni igihe ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri bwawe bwibasira umubiri wawe aho kukwirinda. Ntabwo byumvikana neza impamvu ibi bibaho. Ubwoko bumwe bw’indwara z’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri bushobora kwangiza retina yawe no kuva amaraso. Ingero:

• Diyabete (`Diabete Mellitus`)
• Lupus
• Vasculitis (kubyimba kw'imitsi y'amaraso)

Ni gute wamenya kuva amaraso mu mitsi yo mu jisho?

Umuganga w'amaso yawe azagupima amaso.Ibi nibyo bipimwa. Azareba amaso yawe (harimo n'imbere) maze akore ikizamini cyo kureba neza .

Byongeye kandi, hari ibindi bizamini byinshi bishobora gukorwa kugira ngo hamenyekane icyateye kuva amaraso cyangwa harebwe ingano y’ibyangiritse kuri retina. Ibizamini bikunze kugaragara ni ibi bikurikira:

• Isuzuma ry'amaraso kugira ngo harebwe niba hari ubwandu n'ingano ya cholesterol.
• Angiography ( ikizamini gifata amafoto y'imitsi y'amaraso).
• Ishusho ya Magnetic Resonance (MRI) .

Guva amaraso mu mitsi yo mu jisho bivurwa gute?

Uburyo ibi bivurwa biterwa n'ibintu byinshi:

• Impamvu ni iyihe?
• Uburyo bwo kureba bwawe bwagize ingaruka zingana iki?
• Kuva amaraso mu mitsi yo mu jisho bingana iki?

Abantu benshi ntibakeneye ubuvuzi bwihariye. Iyo ugize kuva amaraso guke, ntabwo birushaho kuba bibi, kandi ntibigira ingaruka ku maso yawe, birashoboka cyane ko icyo ukeneye gukora ari ukureba amaso yawe kwa muganga kugira ngo arebe niba kuva amaraso kwikiza ubwako.

Ariko, niba ukeneye kuvurwa, ushobora gukora kimwe muri ibi bikurikira:

• Sana amaraso ukoresheje laser cyangwa cryotherapy .
• Kubagwa kugira ngo umuvuduko w'ijisho urusheho kumera neza cyangwa kongera gufata retina.
• Gutera umuti nka anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) cyangwa corticosteroid kugira ngo ugabanye kubyimba imbere mu jisho.

Bifata igihe kingana iki kugira ngo umuntu akire kuva amaraso mu mitsi yo mu jisho?

Inzobere mu by'amaso izakubwira igihe bizatwara kugira ngo ukire, bitewe n'ibimenyetso byawe n'icyateye kuva amaraso. Kenshi na kenshi, bishobora gufata ibyumweru byinshi kugira ngo ukire nyuma yo kubagwa.

Mu gihe cyo gukira, ushobora kwirinda gufata imiti igabanya amaraso, nka imiti igabanya ububabare idatanzwe na muganga (OTC NSAIDs). Vugana na muganga w'amaso yawe kuri ibi.

Bigenda bite iyo ngize amaraso mu mitsi yo mu jisho?

Abantu benshi bakira burundu iyi ndwara, ndetse no nyuma yo kubagwa.

Ariko, rimwe na rimwe kuva amaraso mu mitsi yo mu gituza bishobora kwangiza retina yawe burundu, bigatera ingaruka ku kureba kwawe mu buzima bwawe bwose. Cyangwa, ushobora kugira ikibazo cyo kutabona neza nyuma y’iki kibazo.

Ni gute wakwirinda kuva amaraso mu mitsi yo mu jisho?

Uburyo bwiza bwo kwirinda ibi ni ukwirinda indwara zibitera. Dore bimwe mu bintu ushobora gukora:

• Kurya indyo yuzuye irimo ibinure byuzuye na trans, cholesterol, sodium (umunyu), n'isukari.
• Gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri buri gihe.
• Komeza kugira ibiro bizima bikubereye.
• Cyane cyane kurwanya indwara iyo ari yo yose, nka diyabete, umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, na cholesterol nyinshi.
• Kureka kunywa itabi.
• Gusuzumwa buri gihe na muganga n'inzobere mu by'amaso.

Ni ryari nkwiye kwisuzumisha amaso yanjye?

Gusuzuma amaso yawe buri gihe no kureba neza bishobora gufasha muganga wawe w’amaso kubona ibibazo hakiri kare. Inshuro ugomba gusuzumwa amaso yawe akenshi biterwa n’imyaka yawe:

• Abantu bakuru bari munsi y'imyaka 40: Buri myaka itanu kugeza ku icumi.
• Abantu bakuru bari hagati y'imyaka 40 na 54: Buri myaka ibiri kugeza kuri ine.
• Abantu bakuru barengeje imyaka 55: Buri mwaka kugeza kuri itatu.

Niba wambaye indorerwamo, ugakora ku maso cyangwa ukeneye ubundi buryo bwo kubona, ushobora gukenera gusuzumwa amaso kenshi. Abantu barwaye diyabete nabo bagomba gusuzumwa amaso kenshi. Baza muganga wawe w'amaso inshuro ugomba gusuzumwa amaso.

Ni ryari ngomba kujya kwa muganga?

Ubonye impinduka mu maso yawe cyangwa mu kureba kwawe, hita ubonana na muganga cyangwa umuganga w'amaso .

Niba ufite kimwe muri ibi bimenyetso bikurikira , jya mu cyumba cy’ubutabazi bw’ibanze (ER):

• Gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kureba butunguranye.
• Ububabare bukomeye bw'amaso.
• Niba ubonye amatara mashya (`amatara`) cyangwa ibintu (`amatara`) imbere y'amaso yawe.

Ni ibihe bibazo ngomba kubaza muganga wanjye?

Niba usanze ufite amaraso menshi mu mitsi yo mu gituza, ushobora kubaza muganga wawe ibi bibazo:

• Ni iki gitera uku kuva amaraso mu jisho rya rétine?
• Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'amaraso yo mu mitsi yo mu jisho mfite?
• Ese nkeneye kubagwa?
• Ese ibi bizagira ingaruka zihoraho ku cyerekezo cyanjye?

Ese kuva amaraso mu mitsi no gucika kw'ijisho ni kimwe?

Yego, nubwo ibi byombi ari ibibazo bikomeye bigira ingaruka ku mboni y'amaso, hari itandukaniro hagati yabyo byombi.

Kuva amaraso mu mitsi yo mu nda ni indwara ituma imitsi y'amaraso yo mu nda icika ikava amaraso bitewe no kwangirika kw'ijisho ryawe. Ibi bishobora kubaho mu buryo butunguranye, bitewe n'imvune, cyangwa bikaba byagenda uko igihe kigenda gihita, urugero nko ku ndwara y'imitsi y'amaraso.

Gutandukanya retinalIki ni cyo gihe retina yawe iva mu gice cy'inyuma cy'ijisho ryawe kiriho icyuma gishyigikira. Ibi bishobora no gutera kuva amaraso muri retina. Gucika kw'ijisho ubusanzwe ntibibabaza. Ariko, ushobora kugira impinduka mu kureba kwawe, nko kubangamirwa n'urumuri, kutabona neza mu mpande, cyangwa gutakaza ubushobozi bwo kureba mu jisho rimwe. Gucika kw'ijisho bishobora guterwa n'imvune n'indwara nka uveitis, ari byo bibyimba byo hagati mu jisho.

Niba utakaje icyerekezo mu jisho rimwe cyangwa yombi, cyangwa niba utangiye kubona ibimenyetso bishya n'ibireremba, jya mu cyumba cy'ubutabazi bwihuse.

Ese kuva amaraso mu mitsi yo mu jisho no kuva amaraso mu gice cy'imbere cy'inkoni ni kimwe?

Ibi byombi ni ibihe byo kuva amaraso mu jisho. Itandukaniro ni aho kuva amaraso bibera.

Kuva amaraso mu jisho bigira ingaruka kuri retina - urwego rw'uturemangingo turi inyuma y'ijisho.

Kuva amaraso mu gice cy'amaso ni ukuva amaraso mu mitsi y'ijisho. Aho amaso anyura ni agace gato kandi keza gakingira ijisho ryawe. Ibi akenshi bisa n'umutuku gusa, ntibigira ingaruka ku kureba kwawe, kandi bikira ubwabyo.

Hanyuma, ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo:

Kuva amaraso mu maso ni ikibazo gisaba kwitabwaho. Ariko, akenshi gishobora gukemurwa neza. Ikintu cy'ingenzi ni ukujya kwa muganga vuba mu gihe ubonye impinduka mu maso yawe cyangwa mu byo ubona.

• Gusuzuma amaso buri gihe bishobora gufasha kumenya ibibazo nk'ibyo hakiri kare.
• Niba ufite indwara nka diyabete cyangwa umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, zigenzure neza.
• Gukurikiza ubuzima bwiza si byiza ku maso gusa, ahubwo no ku mubiri wose.

Wibuke ko amaso yawe ari ay'agaciro cyane, bityo ni inshingano zawe kuyayitaho.

kuva amaraso mu jisho, retina, kuva amaraso mu jisho, kutabona neza, indwara z'amaso , diyabete, umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso