Ni gute Rh factor mu maraso yawe igira ingaruka ku gutwita? Reka tubirebe!

Niba uri umubyeyi utwite, cyangwa niba usanzwe utwite umwana, ushobora kuba warumvise ibyerekeye ibizamini byinshi by'amaraso muganga wawe azagukorera mu isuzuma ryawe rya mbere. Kimwe muri ibi by'ingenzi ni isuzuma rya Rh factor. Ibi bishobora gusa nkaho bikubangamiye gato kandi ari bishya kuri wewe. Ariko ntugahangayike , uyu munsi turaganira ku kintu cya Rh factor ari cyo n'uko ari ingenzi kuri wewe no ku mwana wawe mu buryo bworoshye kandi bwumvikana.

Igipimo cya Rh ni iki? Reka tubisobanukirwe mu buryo bworoshye!

Mu magambo make, Rh factor ni poroteyine idasanzwe iri ku buso bw'uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura. Ni ikintu uvukana ku babyeyi bawe, kimwe n'uburebure bwawe cyangwa ibara ry'uruhu rwawe.

• Niba ufite iyi poroteyine mu turemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso, uba ufite Rh-positive .
• Niba udafite iyi poroteyine mu turemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso yawe, uba ufite Rh-negative .

Tekereza nawe, abantu benshi ku isi, hafi 85 ku ijana (85%), bafite Rh-positive . Niba rero ufite Rh-positive, ni ko bimeze.

Twese tuzi ubwoko bw'amaraso yacu. Hari ubwoko butatu bw'ingenzi bw'amaraso: A, B, AB, na O. Ubwo bwoko bw'amaraso ni "bwa mbere" cyangwa "bwa nyuma" bitewe n'igipimo cya Rh factor yawe. Urugero, niba ubwoko bw'amaraso yawe ari A kandi igipimo cya Rh factor yawe kikaba cya mbere, ubwoko bw'amaraso yawe ni "bwa mbere". N'ibindi:

• Igisubizo kibi
• B Ifite Imyitwarire Igaragara
• B Ibibi
• O Ibyiza
• O Ibibi
• AB Yagaragaye ko ari intwari
• AB Negative

Icy'ingenzi ni uko Rh factor yawe itagira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe muri rusange cyangwa ngo itere ibibazo. Ni ikintu kiranga amaraso yawe gusa.

Kuki ikintu cya Rh ari ingenzi mu gihe cyo gutwita?

Nubwo Rh factor yawe itagira ingaruka ku buzima bwawe busanzwe, ugomba guhangayikishwa n'ibi niba utwite, cyane cyane niba ufite Rh-negative .

Dore uko byagenze:

Tekereza, uri umubyeyi udafite Rh-negative (bivuze ko udafite iyo poroteyine yihariye mu maraso yawe). Ariko, niba umwana uri mu nda afite Rh-positive (bivuze ko umwana afite iyo poroteyine mu maraso ye, yarazwe na se), noneho hashobora kuvuka ikibazo gito. Ibi tubyita incompatibility ya Rh .

Muri iki gihe, ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bw'umubyeyi bushobora kumenya ko uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura tw'umwana dufite Rh-positive ari "abanyamahanga." Nk'uko ubudahangarwa bwacu bw'umubiri burwanya mikorobe iyo yinjiye mu mubiri wacu, umubiri w'umubyeyi utangira gukora ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri burwanya uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura tw'umwana. Iyi nzira yitwa Rh sensitization .

Ariko ntugire ikibazo! Ubuvuzi bwa none bufite uburyo bwiza bwo kuvura iyi ndwara.Muganga wawe azaguha urushinge rwitwa "immunoglobulin" kugira ngo iki kibazo kidakomeza kubaho.

Ni gute amaraso y'umubyeyi n'ay'umwana ashobora kuvanga?

Ubusanzwe, amaraso y'umubyeyi n'ay'umwana uri mu nda ntabwo yivanga mu buryo butaziguye mu gihe atwite. Ariko, mu bihe bimwe na bimwe byihariye, amaraso make cyane y'umwana ashobora kwivanga n'ay'umubyeyi. Muri ubwo buryo harimo:

• Mu gihe cyo kubyara: Bishobora kuba kubyara mu gitsina cyangwa kubagwa.
• Ibizamini bimwe na bimwe byihariye byakozwe mu gihe cyo gutwita: urugero, ibizamini nka ``amniocentesis`` (isuzuma ry'amazi ya amniotic) cyangwa ``chorionic villus sampling - CVS`` (isuzuma ry'igice cya placenta).
• Niba ugize amaraso mu gitsina utwite.
• Iyo habayeho impanuka ikomeye cyangwa igikomere ku nda.
• Mu gihe habayeho ikibazo mu gihe cyo gutwita mu ntangiriro, nko gukuramo inda cyangwa gutwita hanze y'igitsina.
• Nyuma yo kubagwa bise "external cephalic version (ECV)", bikoreshwa mu kuzunguza umwana iyo ari mu kanwa.

Ni ryari umwana aba mu kaga?

Ubusanzwe, umwana nta kibazo gikomeye agira mu gihe cyo gutwita kwa mbere k'umubyeyi udafite Rh-negative. Impamvu y'ibi ni uko amaraso ya nyina ashobora kwivanga n'amaraso y'umwana mu gihe cyo kubyara. Rero, nubwo izo antibodies zatangira kubaho, umwana azaba yamaze kuvuka icyo gihe. Ariko, muganga wawe azapima Rh factor nubwo yaba ari yo ya mbere utwite.

Ikibazo gishobora kuvuka iyo utwite ku nshuro ya kabiri kandi umwana nawe akaba afite Rh-positive. Ibi biterwa nuko ushobora kuba ugifite uturemangingo twakoze nyuma yo kubyara umwana wa mbere. Hanyuma, utwo duteremangingo dushobora kwambuka placenta tugatangira kwibasira uturemangingo tw'amaraso dutukura twa Rh-positive tw'umwana wa kabiri. Iyi ndwara yitwa Rh . Ibi bishobora guteza akaga cyane ku mwana, ndetse bigashyira ubuzima bwe mu kaga .

Ni nde uri mu kaga ko kuba Rh idahuye?

Ibi byago bibaho iyo umubyeyi udafite Rh-negative atwite umwana ufite Rh-positive . Igipimo cya Rh cy'umwana kigenwa n'uturemangingo twarazwe na nyina na se.

• Niba umubyeyi afite Rh-negative (-) na se akaba afite Rh-positive (+):
• Umwana ashobora kandi kuba afite Rh-positive (+) (icyo gihe hari ibyago byo kudahuza).
• Umwana ashobora kandi kuba afite Rh-negative (-) (muri icyo gihe nta ngaruka ziba zihari).
• Niba umubyeyi afite Rh-negative (-) na se na we afite Rh-negative (-):
• Umwana azahora afite Rh-negative (-). Bityo nta ngaruka mbi zibaho.
• Niba umubyeyi afite Rh-positive (+):
• Se yaba afite Rh-positive (+) cyangwa Rh-negative (-), umwana ntazahura n'ikibazo cyo kutumvikana bitewe na Rh factor ya nyina, kuko umubiri wa nyina udakora ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri burwanya iyo poroteyine "y'abanyamahanga".

Ni gute wamenya Rh factor? (Ikizamini cya Rh factor)

Ibi biroroshye cyane. Iyo utwite, ushobora kumenya icyo Rh factor yawe ari cyo ukoresheje ikizamini cyoroshye cy'amaraso (ubwoko n'isuzuma) mu gihe cyo kwa muganga wawe wa mbere utwite. Ibi ni ingenzi cyane. Kuko niba ufite Rh-negative kandi umwana akaba afite Rh-positive, uko kudahuza kwa Rh factor twavuze bishobora kubaho.

Ni gute ikibazo cyo kudahuza kwa Rh gipimwa kandi kikavurwa?

Iyo utwite, umuganga w’ababyaza azabanza arebe niba ufite Rh-negative.

• Niba ufite Rh-positive: Nta kibazo. Nta kindi cyo gukora.
• Niba ufite Rh-negative kandi antibody yawe ikaba ari negative: Muganga wawe azaguha inshinge ya Rh immune globulin (izwi kandi nka RhoGAM®) . Iyi ni itangwa kugira ngo hirindwe ko izo antibody zisakara.
• Uru rukingo rukunze gutangwa rimwe , ahagana mu byumweru 28 by'inda.
• Indi dose itangwa mu masaha 72 umwana avutse (niba umwana afite Rh-positive).
• Hari igihe, ndetse no mu ntangiriro z'inda (urugero, niba urimo kuva amaraso), niba muganga atekereza ko amaraso yawe n'ay'umwana wawe ashobora kuvanga, uru rukingo rushobora gutangwa.

Uru rukingo rwa `(RhoGAM®)` rukora nk'igikingo kirinda umubiri wawe. Rubuza umubiri wawe gukora utwo tunyangingo tw’umubiri dufite akaga. Uru rukingo rufite akamaro cyane mu kuvura ikibazo cyo kudahuza kwa Rh. Kubwibyo, kumenya iki kibazo hakiri kare mu gihe utwite ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo kwirinda ingorane zikomeye.

Ariko, niba waramaze kugira antibodies za Rh (antibody screen positive), urukingo rwa RhoGAM® ntacyo ruzagufasha. Muri icyo gihe, abaganga bazagukurikiranira hafi wowe n'umwana wawe mu gihe cyose utwite. Bitewe n'uko umwana ameze, abaganga bashobora gufata icyemezo cyo kubyara umwana hakiri kare.

Ni izihe ngorane zishobora kubaho bitewe no kudahuza kwa Rh?

Kudahuza kwa Rh n'amaraso y'umwana ntibigira ingaruka ku mubyeyi utwite . Ariko, bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mwana uri mu nda. Impamvu nyamukuru ni indwara yitwa hemolytic anemia . Mu magambo make, uturemangingo dutukura tw'amaraso y'umwana twangirika vuba kurusha uko twasimbuwe.

Ingaruka zishobora kuva ku zoroshye kugeza ku zikomeye cyane. Zirimo:

• Jaundice: Guhinduka umuhondo ku ruhu no ku maso.
• Kunanirwa k'umwijima .
• Umutima unanirwa .
• Gupfa kw'imbwa .

Ariko, akenshi abana bafite ingaruka zoroheje z'indwara ya Rh ntibakenera ubuvuzi bwihariye . Bene abo bana barakira burundu.

Mu bihe bikomeye, umwanaGuterwa amaraso bishobora kuba ngombwa. Ibi bivuze guha umwana amaraso mashya. Abana bafite indwara y'umuhondo bashobora gushyirwa mu buvuzi bwihariye bw'urumuri (phototherapy) kugira ngo bagabanye urugero rwa bilirubin, rutera ibara ry'umuhondo. Umwana ashobora kandi gukenera kubyara hakiri kare kugira ngo hirindwe amaraso menshi.

Inkuru nziza ni uko nyuma yo kuvumburwa k'urukingo rwa Rh immunoglobulin, umubare w'abantu barwara Rh wagabanutse cyane.

Bigenda bite iyo antibody zirangiye?

Iyo umubiri w'umubyeyi udafite Rh-negative wabuze ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, kuvurwa ukoresheje urukingo rwa `(Rh immune globulin)` ntabwo bizatanga umusaruro. Niyo mpamvu tuvuga ko ari ngombwa kumenya Rh factor yawe no kuvurwa vuba bishoboka.

Ese kuba Rh idahuye bishobora kwirindwa?

Kubera ko Rh factor ari ikintu gishingiye ku ngirabuzimafatizo, ntabwo dushobora guhitamo ubwoko bwa Rh umwana wacu azahabwa. Ariko, uburyo bwiza bwo kwirinda iki kibazo ni uko umubyeyi amenya Rh factor ye, kandi nibiba ngombwa, agahabwa urukingo rwa `(RhoGAM®)` mu gihe gikwiye.

Ibi bigira ingaruka zite ku mubyeyi udafite Rh? (Amaherezo, icyo ugomba kumenya - Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo)

Niba uri umubyeyi udafite Rh, ni ngombwa cyane kumenya ibi bintu.

Wihangayika! Nubwo waba ufite Rh-negative, niba uhawe urukingo rwa `(RhIg)` nyuma yo guhura n'amaraso ya Rh-positive (urugero: kubyara, ibizamini bimwe na bimwe), ushobora kugabanya cyane ibyago byo kurwara Rh. Wibuke ko kudahuza kwa Rh bigira ingaruka ku buzima bw'umwana wawe, ntabwo bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwe.

Mu kumenya neza indwara ya Rh factor yawe hakiri kare, muganga wawe ashobora kuguha urukingo rwa RhIg mu gihe gikwiye. Ubwo ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo gutuma umwana wawe agumana ubuzima bwiza.

Kumenya uko Rh yawe ihagaze mu gihe utwite (kandi byaba byiza mbere y’igihe) bishobora gufasha kwirinda ingorane. Ku bw’amahirwe, muganga wawe ashobora gupima amaraso yawe hakiri kare mu gihe utwite kugira ngo amenye niba ufite Rh-positive cyangwa Rh-negative. Kudahuza kwa Rh ni ikibazo gusa iyo ufite Rh-negative kandi umwana wawe afite Rh-positive. Muganga wawe ashobora kugufasha kuguha urushinge rwa Rh immune globulin (RhIg).

Rero, ntugire ubwoba cyangwa ngo ugire impungenge bitari ngombwa. Muganga wawe azakwitaho neza wowe n'umwana wawe, kandi azaguha ubuvuzi bwose bukenewe. Icyo ugomba gukora ni ugukurikiza amabwiriza ya muganga neza no kujya kwisuzumisha buri gihe. Ubwo uzaba ufite amahirwe menshi yo kubyara umwana muzima!

` Rh factor, Rhesus factor, gutwita, ubwoko bw'amaraso, Rh negative, Rh positive, Rh idahuye, antibody, RhGAM, umwana