Nta n'umwe muri twe utekereza cyane ku "macandwe" mu buzima bwacu bwa buri munsi, si byo se? Tuyafata nk'ikintu kiri mu kanwa gusa. Ariko se wari uzi ko iyo udafite aya macandwe, udashobora kurya, kuvuga, cyangwa kumva uburyohe bw'ibiryo? Amacandwe mu by'ukuri ni amazi atangaje agira uruhare runini mu mibiri yacu. Reka tubiganireho neza kandi mu buryo bworoshye uyu munsi.
Ni izihe nyungu zikomeye amacandwe atanga ku mubiri wacu?
Amacandwe si amazi make gusa. Agira akamaro gakomeye ku buzima bw'akanwa kacu ndetse no ku buzima bwacu muri rusange. Tekereza ibibazo byinshi twahura nabyo turamutse dutakaje amacandwe.
Mu magambo make, amacandwe ni yo akingira mu kanwa kacu kandi ni yo atangira intambwe ya mbere mu igogora.
Dore bimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi bibaho iyo amacandwe atangiye kumera.
| Akazi gakorwa n'amacandwe | Ibisobanuro gusa |
|---|---|
| Gukomeza kumera neza mu kanwa no mu muhogo | Amacandwe ni yo atuma amatama yacu, ururimi rwacu n'iminwa yacu bidafatana, bigatuma tuvuga byoroshye. Akora kandi nk'amavuta yo kwisiga arinda mikorobe. |
| Biroroshye guhekenya no kumira ibiryo | Amacandwe aroshya ibiryo turya, akabihinduramo agapira gato (bolus) kandi akabifasha kugenda mu muhogo. Iyo amacandwe adahari, kumira ibiryo byaba bigoye cyane. |
| Gutangira igogora | Enzyme yitwa amylase iboneka mu macandwe itangira igogora ry'ibiryo birimo ibishyimbo (nk'umugati n'umuceri) mu kanwa. |
| Uburinzi ku ndwara zandura | Ibintu nka lysozyme mu macandwe byangiza bagiteri mbi mu kanwa kandi bikagenzura mikorobe zo mu kanwa. |
| Kurinda amenyo | Amacandwe yoza utuntu tw'ibiryo nyuma yo kurya. Atanga kandi kalisiyumu (Calcium hydroxyapatite) mu menyo. Ibi bigabanya ibyago byo kwangirika kw'amenyo no kurwara ishinya . |
| Kuringaniza pH y'umunwa | Ubushyuhe bw'ibiryo turya n'ibyo tunywa buratandukanye. Amacandwe agumana pH (acidity/alkaline) yo mu kanwa ku rugero runaka. |
| Bifasha kuryoha | Kugira ngo ururimi rwacu ruryoherwe n'ibiryo byumye, rugomba kuba rutose. Ubwo butose butangwa n'amacandwe. |
Aya macandwe aturuka he?
Amacandwe akorwa n'uturemangingo tw'amacandwe mu kanwa kacu no mu nkengero zatwo. Amacandwe akorwa n'utu turemangingo yinjira mu kanwa anyuze mu miyoboro mito (imiyoboro). Dufite ibice bitatu by'ingenzi by'uturemangingo tw'amacandwe.
- Udukoko twa Parotide: Utu ni two dukoko tunini cyane. Duherereye imbere y'amatwi, mu matama. Dusohora amacandwe mu kanwa hafi y'amenyo yo hejuru.
- Udukoko two mu bwoko bwa Sublingual: Tuba turi munsi y'ururimi.
- Udukoko two munsi y'umusaya: Utwo dukoko tuba munsi y'umusaya wo hasi. Amacandwe ava muri utu dukoko anyura mu kanwa munsi y'ururimi.
Izi ngirabuzimafatizo eshatu z'ingenzi zikora 90% by'amacandwe yacu. 10% bisigaye bikorwa n'udukoko duto amagana tw'amacandwe tuba mu kanwa. Ugereranyije, umuntu mukuru akora litiro 0.5 kugeza kuri 1.5 z'amacandwe ku munsi.
Ni gute ikorwa ry'amacandwe rigenzurwa?
Umusaruro w'amacandwe ugenzurwa n'urwego rwacu rw'imitsi rugenga (ANS). Ntidushobora kubigenzura tubigambiriye, bibaho mu buryo bwikora. Ibice bibiri by'uru rwego bigira ingaruka ku musaruro w'amacandwe.
1. Utunyangingo tw'imitsi tugira impuhwe
Ibi nibyo bidutegurira ibihe byihutirwa, ubwoba, n'imihangayiko. Ni nk'uburyo bwo "kurwana cyangwa guhunga". Iyo ubu buryo bumaze gukoreshwa, amacandwe menshi kandi afashe aravuka.Niyo mpamvu wumva umunwa wawe wumye iyo ufite ubwoba, ubwoba, cyangwa ugiye kwipimisha.
2. Udutsiko tw'imitsi dukoresha parasympathetic
Iyi sisitemu ikora ibinyuranye n'izindi sisitemu. Ni yo ituza kandi ituje. Byitwa "kuruhuka no gusya." Iyo iyi sisitemu ikora, ikora amacandwe y'amazi. Aya macandwe y'amazi ni yo adufasha kurya no kumira ibiryo.
Nanone, hari ibintu bimwe na bimwe bya buri munsi bishobora guhindura ikorwa ry'amacandwe:
- Iyo uriye ikintu gishyushye: Tekereza urimo kurya agace ka mango n'indimu nkeya. Mu kanwa kawe hatangira gucika amacandwe, sibyo? Ibyo biterwa nuko ibiryo bishyushye biba birimo aside nyinshi. Umubiri ukora amacandwe menshi kugira ngo ugabanye iyo aside kandi urinde amenyo yawe.
- Iyo ntekereje ku biribwa: Ndetse no gutekereza ku biribwa biryoshye bituma mu kanwa kanjye haryoha.
- Ku manywa na nijoro: Umusaruro w'amacandwe uba mwinshi ku manywa, ariko nijoro, iyo dusinziriye, umusaruro w'amacandwe ugabanuka cyane. Ibi bivugwa ko bifitanye isano n'imikorere y'umubiri wacu ya buri munsi (Circadian rhythm).
Ni ibihe bibazo bikunze kubazwa ku birebana n'amacandwe?
Indwara zimwe na zimwe, imiti, n'uburyo bwo kuvura bishobora guhindura ingano n'imiterere y'amacandwe. Hari ibibazo bibiri by'ingenzi: kutagira amacandwe menshi no kutagira amacandwe menshi. Muri ibyo, kutagira amacandwe menshi ni byo bikunze kugaragara cyane.
Hyposalivation no kuma mu kanwa
Ibi byitwa `Hyposalivation`. Ikimenyetso giterwa na ibi ni ` kuma` (Xerostomia).` Iyo amacandwe adafite ahagije, hashobora kubaho ibibazo bitandukanye.
| Ibibazo bishobora kuvuka bitewe no kugabanuka kw'amacandwe | |
|---|---|
| Uruhu rwo mu kanwa rubi (Halitosis) | Kubabara mu kanwa no mu muhogo |
| Ubwiyongere bw'amenyo yangiritse n'indwara z'ishinya | Kugorwa no kuvuga no kumira ibiryo |
| Kugorwa no kwambara amenyo y'ingore | Ingaruka zo kwandura indwara zo mu kanwa ziyongera |
Ni izihe mpamvu zitera impumuro y'umunwa wumye?
- Indwara zimwe na zimwe:Kubura amazi mu mubiri (kubura amazi mu mubiri), diyabete idagenzurwa neza, umuvuduko ukabije w'amaraso, agakoko gatera SIDA, Sjögren's syndrome, indwara ziterwa n'ubwiyongere bw'umubiri nka lupus.
- Imiti: Imiti ivura kwiheba no guhangayika, imiti igabanya ububabare (antihistamines), imiti igabanya ububabare, imiti igabanya umuvuduko w'amaraso (beta-blockers), na kanseri ishobora gutera kurumuka mu kanwa.
- Ubuvuzi bushingiye ku mirasire: Ubuvuzi bushingiye ku mirasire, cyane cyane ku kanseri yo mu mutwe no mu ijosi, bushobora kwangiza imirasire y'amacandwe no kugabanya umusaruro w'amacandwe.
Kurushaho gutakaza amacandwe
Iyi ndwara yitwa `Hypersalivation` cyangwa `Sialorrhea`. Iki ni cyo gihe imikaya y'amacandwe ikora amacandwe menshi kuruta uko bikenewe. Ibi bishobora gutera amacandwe. Abana bato batemba amacandwe kuko badashobora kugenzura imikaya yabo yo mu kanwa neza.
Guca amacandwe menshi bishobora gutera ibisebe bibabaza kandi bicitse mu mfuruka z'umunwa (Angular cheilitis). Mu bihe bikomeye, aya macandwe menshi ashobora kwinjira mu myanya y'ubuhumekero agatera indwara nka aspiration pneumonia.
Ni izihe mpamvu zitera kwiyongera kw'amacandwe?
- Umwobo udahawe umuti: Kwangirika kw'amenyo bituma bagiteri zikurira mu kanwa. Umubiri ushobora gukora amacandwe menshi mu rwego rwo gukuramo bagiteri.
- Igifu (GERD): Iyo aside yo mu gifu igeze mu muhogo, umubiri ukora amacandwe menshi kugira ngo urinde umunwa iyo aside.
- Isesemi no kuruka: Iyo ugiye kuruka, imiyoboro y'amacandwe yawe ikora amacandwe menshi kugira ngo wirinde ko aside yo mu gifu yangiza umunwa wawe.
- Gutwita: Mu gihe cyo gutwita, impinduka mu misemburo no kugira isesemi bishobora kongera by'agateganyo umusaruro w'amacandwe.
- Imiti imwe n'imwe: Imiti imwe n'imwe ikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe (urugero: Clozapine) ishobora gutuma amacandwe yiyongera nk'ingaruka mbi.
Ese nkwiye kujya kwa muganga ku kibazo nk'iki?
Yego rwose. Niba uhora urwaye umunwa wumye cyangwa ucika amacandwe, ntubyirengagize. Shaka muganga wawe ako kanya. Ashobora kugusuzuma akamenya icyabiteye. Bishobora kuba ari umuti urimo gufata, cyangwa bikaba ikimenyetso cy'indi ndwara. Iyo impamvu imaze kumenyekana, muganga wawe ashobora kuguha uburyo bwo kuvura bukwiye.
Hari abantu bagira amacandwe manini kandi afashe. Impamvu nyamukuru ibi bishobora kuba ukubura amazi mu mubiri. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane kunywa amazi menshi . Ariko, niba ikibazo kigikomeje, ni byiza kubibwira muganga.
Ubutumwa bwo kujyana mu rugo
- Amacandwe ni ikintu cy'ingenzi ku buzima bw'umunwa wacu n'umubiri wacu. Afasha mu gusya ibiryo, kurinda amenyo, no kurwanya indwara zandura.
- Kuma mu kanwa (kubura amacandwe) si ikintu cyoroshye gufata. Bishobora gutera kwangirika kw'amenyo n'izindi ndwara zo mu kanwa.
- Kurema amacandwe menshi (kuvamo amate) bishobora kuba ingaruka mbi z'indwara zimwe na zimwe cyangwa imiti.
- Niba ufite ikibazo cy'amacandwe igihe kirekire (umunwa wumye, amacandwe menshi, amacandwe menshi), menya neza ko wabibwiye muganga wawe.

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